考研考博-英语-厦门医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

这是一只如此灵敏的（sensitive）安培表（ammeter）以至于它能测出电流的微弱变化。

【答案】

Thisissuchasensitiveammeterthatitcanmeasureaslightchangeinthecurrent.

2.单选题

ThisobservationflummoxedTerkel,aself-styledJewishfree-thinkerwhosaysheknowsnothingaboutGodbuteverythingabouthumannature.

问题1选项

A.inspired

B.surprised

C.bewildered

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项inspired“品质优秀的，能力卓越的，借助于灵感创作的”；B选项surprised“感到惊讶的，出人意料的”；C选项bewildered“困惑的”；D选项provoked“被激怒的，受到挑衅的”。句意：这一发现让特克尔感到困惑，他自称是犹太自由思想家，声称自己对上帝一无所知，只知道有关人类本性的一切。Flummoxed“困惑的”，C选项与该词词义最相近，因此C选项正确。

3.问答题

Peoplearoundtheworldareconcernedthatchlorofluoromethanesreleasedfromaerosolsprayscanposeaseriousthreattotheirhealththroughdepletionoftheozonelayer.TheprimaryconcernabouttheozonelayerdepletionisthattheultravioletrayintensityatthesurfaceoftheEarthwouldincrease,bringingaboutmoreskincancerfatalitiesamongCaucasians.AccordingtotheIMOSreport,FluorocarbonsandtheEnvironment,issuedearlierthisyear,thereispersuasive,althoughnotabsolutelyconclusive,clinicalandepidemiologicalevidenceofadirectlinkbetweensolarradiationandthehistoricallyobservedincidenceofseveral,generallynon-fatal,typesofskincancerinhumans.Icertainlydonotfindthisevidenceconclusive,andbelieveanalternativecasecanbemade.

Itisalongknownfactthatultravioletintensityatthelandsurfaceincreaseswithaltitudeabovesealevel.IngoingfromsealeveltothealtitudeofDenver,Colorado(1mile,1.61km.),theultravioletintensityat295nmincreasesby125percent.TheresidentsofColorado(meanelevation2.1km.)havealwaysbeensubjectedtoUVintensitiesseveraltimesgreaterthanthosethatmightresult,ontheaverage,fromthehypothesizedozonelayerdepletionof16percent(33percentincreaseinUV)by2000AD.InadditiontothehigherUVcontentofColoradosunshine,thepercentageofcleardays(70percent)isabovethenationalaverage.

PublicationsbytheAmericanCancerSocietyshowthatColoradohasoneofthelowestskincancerfatalityratesofallofthestates,1.69deathsper100,000populationcomparedwithanationalaverageof2.40per100,000.Theentiredesertsouthwesthasabout125percentgreaterUYintensityinsunshine,duetoaltitude,thandoesNewEngland,yetthedeathratefromskincancerinNewEnglandis24percenthigherthanitisinthesouthwest.

Ontheworldbasis,manyfactorsappeartoplayamoreimportantroleinskincancerfatalitiesthanUVintensity.Intheequatorialregions,UVintensityatthelandsurfaceishigherbecausetheSun’srayspassthroughtheozonelayermoreperpendicularlythaninmorenortherlyorsoutherlylatitudes.Inspiteofthis,thelowestreportedskincancerdeathratesintheworldcomefromMauritius(0.2per100,000)andNicaragua(0.2per100,000),eventhoughtheyarelocatedinnear-equatorialregions.Ontheotherhand,Ireland(2.64per100,000)hastheworld’sthirdhighestratewhileEnglandandWales(1.50per100,000)is27th.Mexico(0.65per100,000)is38th.

EvidenceisstrongthatUVintensityisnottheprincipalfactorindeterminingtheskincancerdeathrate.Geneticfactors,skinpigmentation,behavioralcharacteristics,medicalfacilities,broadstrawhats,andsuntanlotionallhavesomeinfluenceonskincancerfatalities.Anadditional4,000-12,000deathsperyearfromskincancerintheU.S.havebeenpredictedfora16percentdepletionoftheozonelayer.ItshouldberememberedthatpresentannualdeathsintheU.S.fromthiscauseare5,000.

Someauthorshaverecommendedanimmediatebanontheuseoffluorocarbonswithoutanydirectevidencethattheyaffecttheozonelayer.TometheindirectevidencestronglysuggeststhatthesecompoundsareunlikelytohaveasignificanteffectontheEarth’sozonelayerandeveniftheydid,anincreaseinskincancerdeathswouldnotnecessarilyresult.

1.WhatisoneconsequencefortheinhabitantsofDenverofthefactthatthetownissituatedatanaltitudeof1mileabovesea-level?

2.Fromthepassage,whatdoyouknowaboutthenumberofcloudydaysperyearinDenver?

3.WhatistherelationshipbetweenskincancerandUVintensityaccordingtothispassage?

4.WhatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheskincancerdeathrateinIreland?

5.ApproximatelywhatpercentageincreaseinskincancerdeathshasbeenpredictedfortheU.S.witha16percentreductionintheozonelayer?

【答案】1.由题干的关键词Denver可定位到文章第二段中“IngoingfromsealeveltothealtitudeofDenver,Colorado(1mile,1.61km.),theultravioletintensity（紫外线强度）at295nmincreasesby125percent.”可知丹佛居民的后果。

试题答案：

OneconsequenceistheinhabitantsofDenveraresubjectedtotheultravioletintensityat295nmincreasesby125percent.

2.由文章第二段中“thepercentageofcleardays(70percent)isabovethenationalaverage”晴天的百分比(70%)高于全国平均水平，可推知丹佛晴天占70%，阴天占30%。

试题答案：

ThenumberofcloudydaysperyearinDenveris30percentofdaysinayear.

3.由文章倒数第二段中“EvidenceisstrongthatUVintensityisnottheprincipalfactorindeterminingtheskincancerdeathrate.”有证据表明紫外线强度不是决定皮肤癌死亡率的主要因素，以及最后一段中“TometheindirectevidencestronglysuggeststhatthesecompoundsareunlikelytohaveasignificanteffectontheEarth’sozonelayerandeveniftheydid,anincreaseinskincancerdeathswouldnotnecessarilyresult.”对我来说，间接证据强烈表明，这些化合物不太可能对地球臭氧层有重大影响，即使他们产生了重大影响，皮肤癌的死亡人数也不一定会增加。因此可推测皮肤癌与紫外线强度之间没有什么联系关系。

试题答案：

TherelationshipbetweenskincancerandUVintensityisunlikelytoexist.

4.由文章第四段中“Ontheworldbasis,manyfactorsappeartoplayamoreimportantroleinskincancerfatalitiesthanUVintensity.”从世界范围来看，许多因素似乎比紫外线强度在皮肤癌死亡中起着更重要的作用，可知有其他很多因素在皮肤癌死亡中占主要原因。

试题答案：

ManyfactorsappeartoplayamoreimportantroleinskincancerfatalitiesthanUVintensity.

5.由文章倒数第二段中“Anadditional4,000-12,000deathsperyearfromskincancerintheU.S.havebeenpredictedfora16percentdepletionoftheozonelayer.ItshouldberememberedthatpresentannualdeathsintheU.S.fromthiscauseare5,000.”据预测，美国每年死于皮肤癌的人数将增加4，000至12，000人由于臭氧损耗16%。应该记住，目前美国每年因这一原因而死亡的人数为5，000人。（4000+5000）÷5000=0.8，12000÷5000=2.4，故皮肤癌死亡的百分比大约增加了80%至240%。

试题答案：

Approximately80%to240%.

4.单选题

Icouldn’tfind（）,andsoItookthisone.

问题1选项

A.alargeenoughcoat

B.anenoughlargecoat

C.alargecoatenough

D.acoatenoughlarge

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词用法。句意：enough修饰名词时放名词前，如：Idon’thaveenoughmoney.修饰形容词或副词时放形容词或副词后，如：Youarenotcapableenoughtogetthisposition.所以本题的正确答案是A选项。句意：我找不到足够大的大衣，所以我拿了这一件。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

5.单选题

Originallydesignedasworkclothesforminers,jeansarenowwormbyallsegmentsofsociety,theirappeal______bytheircomfortandaffordability.

问题1选项

A.overwhelmed

B.corroded

C.complicated

D.broadened

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项overwhelmed“（感情或感觉）充溢，难以禁受；击败，征服”；B选项corroded“腐蚀，侵蚀”；C选项complicated“使复杂”；D选项broadened“扩宽，扩大”。句意：牛仔裤最初是为矿工设计的工作服，现在受到社会各阶层的追捧，它的吸引力因为舒适和实惠的特点而______。这里要填的是牛仔裤的吸引力因为舒适和实惠的特点而怎么样，D选项broadened“扩宽，扩大”符合题意，也对应前面牛仔裤受欢迎的特点。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Deceptivelysimpleindesign,thesculpturalworksofGeorgeNortonincorporateabroadrangeoftextures,sizes,andcontours.

问题1选项

A.Misleadingly

B.Generally

C.Noticeably

D.Exceptionally

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。deceptively表示“看似，不像看上去那么”；A项misleadingly“误导性地”，B项generally“通常地”，C项noticeably“显著地，明显地”，D项exceptionally“异常地，特殊地”。句意：看似简单的设计，乔治诺顿的雕塑作品融合了广泛的纹理、尺寸和轮廓的奥妙。根据句意可知，前面是对比的关系，那么只有misleadingly能够替换划线的单词，故该题选择A项正确。

7.单选题

Nooneexpectedhimto（

）againsthisformeremployer.

问题1选项

A.declare

B.testify

C.certify

D.allege

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。declare“宣布；声明”；testify“作证；证明”；certify“证明；保证”；allege“宣称；断言”。句意：没人想到他会作对他前老板不利的证明。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Thedog（）therabbitbutcouldnotcatchit.

问题1选项

A.ceased

B.chained

C.checked

D.chased

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项ceased“停止”。B选项chained“束缚，囚禁”。C选项checked“检查，查核”。D选项chased“追逐，追赶”。句意：狗追赶兔子，但是逮不着它。因此D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Americansmayhaveto（）thenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublictransportationsystems.

问题1选项

A.breakdown

B.outdown

C.getdown

D.dropdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。breakdown“发生故障，毁掉”；getdown“吞下，使沮丧”；dropdown“落下，顺着往下移动”。句意：美国人可能不得不降低私家车的数量。转而依赖公共交通系统。只有D项符合，强调私家车数量的下降。

10.单选题

Shewasanexperiencedtravelerwhohad（

）bothAfricaandEuropeinhertwenties.

问题1选项

A.traversed

B.transferred

C.trampled

D.trespassed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形似词辨析。traversed横越，穿过；transferred使转移，使调动；trampled践踏，无视；trespass侵占，侵入。句意：她是一个有经验的旅行者，在她二十多岁的时候就穿越了非洲和欧洲。只有A项符合题意，答案A

11.单选题

Theofferofafreeoverseastour（

）himintobuyingthevillaonthehillside.

问题1选项

A.discouraged

B.committed

C.tempted

D.tangled

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。discourage阻止，使气馁；commit犯错，委托；tempt诱惑，引起；tangle使纠缠。句意：因为提供免费的境外旅游诱使他买下了山坡上的别墅。选项C更符合语境。

12.单选题

TherehewasAmerica’sfirstPresidentwithaMBA,themanwholovestoboastabouthisbusinessbackground,whosepresidentialcampaignraisedunprecedentedsumsfromcorporateWalletsandwhosecabinetisstuffedwithchiefexecutives.FaithintheintegrityofAmericanbusinessleaderswasbeingundermined,GeorgeBushsaidfiercely,byexecutives“breachingtrustandabusingpower.”Itwastimefor“anewethicofpersonalresponsibilityinthebusinesscommunity”.Hewasgoingto“endthedaysofcookingthebooks,shadingthetruthandbreakingourlaws”.

Onlymonthsago,theideathatGeorgeBushwouldpubliclylambasteAmerica’scooperatebosseswaslaughable.Asacandidate,bornonthewaveofadecade-longeconomicboomandanunprecedented18-yearbullmarket,hecashedinonAmerican’sloveaffairwithcorporatesuccess.Butthingsaredifferentnow.Thestockmarketbubblehasburstand,despitesignsofeconomicrecovery,WallStreetseemstobesunkingloom.AstringofscandalsatsomeofAmerica’smosthigh-flyingfirmsincludingEnron,Xerox.Tyco,GlobalCrossingandmostrecently,WorldComhasradicallychangedthepublicmood.

Aspoliticalpressureforreformincreases,sotoodoestheheatonMr.Bush.Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,Mr.Bushthinksthecurrentcrisisstemsfromafewbad-applechiefexecutivesratherthanthesystemasawhole.Hencehefocusesontoughpenaltiesforcorruptbusinessmenandhispleaforhigherethicalstandards.Thepresidentannouncedthecreationofafinancial-crimesSWATteam,attheJusticeDepartmenttorootoutcorporatefraud,andwantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.Butheofferedfewconcretesuggestionsforsystemicreform:littlementionofchangestostrengthenshareholders’rights,notevenanendorsementoftheSenatecorporate-reformbill.TherearefewsignsyetthatcleaningupcorporateAmericaisanissuethatanimatesthevoters.PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.

Thepresident,therefore,needdonomorethantalktough.ThisalonewillconvinceordinaryAmericansthatheisontopoftheissue.Astheeconomyreboundsandpublicoutagesubsides,theClamorforchangewillbequieter.Democraticattackswillfizzle,andfar-reachingreformbillswillbewatereddownbeforetheybecomelaw.Politically,thegamblemakessense.UnfortunatelyforAmericancapitalism,agreatopportunitywillbemissed.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.WecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthatMr.Bush

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMr.Bushismentionedinthispassage?

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthereformis（

）.

5.Thephrase“agreatopportunity"inthelastparagraphreferstoanopportunityto

问题1选项

A.Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.

B.Atpresent,themaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudisfiveyears.

C.ItislaughablethatMr.BushpubliclyattackedAmerica’scorporatebosses.

D.Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.

问题2选项

A.didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform

B.didnotdoanythingatallforthepresenceofthecurrentsituation

C.tookshareholders'rightintoaccount,buthedidn'tapprovereformbill

D.tooksomemeasurestopavethewayforthereform

问题3选项

A.Mr.BushisthesecondPresidentwithanMBAinAmericanhistory.

B.My.Bushcontributesalottodecade-longeconomicboom.

C.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.

D.MyBushdidn'tgetsupportinhispresidentialcampaign.

问题4选项

A.indifferent

B.optimistic

C.skeptical

D.favorable

问题5选项

A.carryoutreform

B.boomeconomy

C.animatethevoters

D.attackchiefexecutive

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第三段：Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,虽然在纽约他紧咬牙关，语气坚决，但很有可能他不会推行改革。确定A选项‘Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.随着政治压力的增加，布什不得不提出具体的改革建议。‘错误，排除。根据第三段“wantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.希望将金融诈骗罪的最高刑期从5年提高一倍至10年。’’确定B选项’现在的商业欺诈最长的刑期是5年‘正确。C选项根据语义’布什总统公开批判美国企业老板是可笑的‘，可判断表述错误。根据在第三段末尾：PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.民意调查显示，美国人对他们的商界领袖缺乏信心，但政客们似乎并没有因此而受到影响。确定D选项’Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.美国人对他们的企业和政治领袖几乎没有信心。‘错误。

2.由第三段Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,虽然在纽约他紧咬牙关，语气坚决，但很有可能他不会推行改革。确定A选项‘didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform,布什不打算承担重任，也不打算大力推进改革’正确。

3.根据文章第一段“他趁机利用了美国公司的成功”可排除选项B。根据第三段最后一句PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.民意调查显示，美国人对他们的商界领袖缺乏信心，但政客们似乎并没有因此而受到影响。布什总统的支持率已经从最高点下降，但是仍然非常强劲。确定C选项‘Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.’正确。

4.文章的最后一段讲，随着经济回暖，对改革的呼声会越来越弱。但对美国的资本主义来讲，却错失了个好机会。从中可以看出，作者是很希望改革的，他是赞同改革的。所以A选项正确。

5.文章的最后一句话提到“将会错失绝好的机会”，这个机会指的是前一句提到的‘far-reachingreform’。所以A选项正确。

13.单选题

Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated______insteadofmechanically.

问题1选项

A.artificially

B.automatically

C.manually

D.synthetically

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.artificially人造地，人为地B.automatically自动地，机械地

C.manually手动地D.synthetically综合地，合成地

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据insteadof（而不是）可知，空格处和mechanically（机械地）是相对立的，所以要表示“人工的，手动的”，C项符合。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】这艘船的发电机坏了，水泵不得不用人工而不是机械操作。

14.单选题

（）thisdulllife,thefull-timemomdecidedtofindapart-timejob.

问题1选项

A.Tiedupwith

B.Fedupwith

C.Wrappedupin

D.Piledupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项tiedupwith“和……有密切关系”，B项fedupwith“受够了；极厌恶”，C项wrappedupin“醉心于……的；全心照料……的”，D项piledupwith“堆满”。根据关键词dulllife（沉闷的生活）可知，空格处填入“厌倦”最合适。句意：厌倦了这种枯燥的生活，全职妈妈决定找一份兼职工作。因此，该题B项正确。

15.问答题

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,

associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or

(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral

banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof

Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem

afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist

theterm,（）.(I)Everin

thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso

much.

【答案】1.A，改成quantativeeasing。

2.B，改成eitherwith。

3.D，改成theyaren’t。

4.H，改成resisting。

5.I，改成Neverinthefieldof。

【解析】1.句意：在某些领域，QE仍是一个有污点的术语…。此段讲的是“量化宽松(QE)”,其全程应为quantativeeasing。

2.句意：要么与重商主义（作为货币战争中的武器）有联系，要么与货币冒险主义有联系。根据后面的连词or可知，B处应该是“eitherwith”，“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。

3.句意：一些央行现在确实表示自己正在实施量化宽松政策，尽管他们并没有这么做。这里用了省略，实际上应该是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。

4.句意：但韩国银行并没有抵制这一术语…。Farfrom在此表示“远飞，绝不，并没有”，后面应该接doingsth.。

5.句意：在中央银行领域，从来没有这么多人对购买这么多债券如此不担心。根据句意可知，这里表示否定，所以应该是否定词never放句首，后面用了倒装。

16.单选题

Themostprominentcharacteristicsofhandwritingareundoubtedlyletterformationandslant.

问题1选项

A.presumably

B.inmanycases

C.surely

D.withoutbias

【答案】C

【解析】presumably大概，推测起来，可假定；inmanycases在许多情况下；surely当然，无疑；withoutbias不偏不倚。undoubtedly意为毫无疑问地，选项C与之意思最为相近。

17.单选题

Theshowculminatedinthepresentationofthedairyprincesscrown.

问题1选项

A.began

B.included

C.ended

D.cultivated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。题目中culminate表示“使结束，达到极点，达到高潮”；A选项为“开始”；B选项为“包括，包含”；C选项为“结束；终止”；D选项为“培养；栽培”。根据句意可知，表演因乳品公主皇冠的介绍而达到高潮，因此C项为正确答案。

18.单选题

Many（）cametothePresident’sreception.

问题1选项

A.person

B.characters

C.people

D.notables

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。person“人”；character“性格，品质”；people“人，人类”；notable“名人，显要人物”。句意：许多显要人物前来参加总统的招待会。

19.不定项选择题

ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionattheUniversityofMassachusetts-Amherst,saysbluntlythatifthedangersfrombacteriallycontaminatedchickenwereasgreatassomepeoplebelieve,“thestreetswouldbelitteredwithpeoplelyinghereandthere”.

Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.BruceAmes,chairmanofthebiochemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pointsoutthatupto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.Sayshe,“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves,theyemploychemicalwarfare.”Andmanynaturallyproducedchemicals,thoughoccurringintinyamounts,proveinlaboratoryteststobestrongcarcinogens—asubstancewhichcancausecancer.Mushroomsmightbebannediftheywerejudgedbythesamestandardsthatapplytofoodadditives.DeclaresChristinaStark,anutritionistatCornellUniversity:“We’regotfarworsenaturalchemicalsinthefoodsupplythananythingman-made.”

Yettheissuesarenotthatsimple.WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.Theyunconsciouslyandunwillinglytakeintoomuchoftoomanydangerouschemicals.Iffoodalreadycontainsnaturalcarcinogens,itdoesnotmakemuchsensetoadddozensofnewman-madeones.Thoughmostpeoplewillwithstandthesmallamountsofcontaminantsgenerallyfoundinfoodandwater,atleastafewindividualswillprobablygetcanceronedaybecauseofwhattheyeatanddrink.Tomakegoodfoodandwatersuppliesevenbetter,theGovernmentneedstotightenitsregulatorystandards,stiffenitsinspectionprogramandstrengthenitsenforcementpolicies.Thefoodindustryshouldmodifysomelong-acceptedpracticesorturntolesshazardousalternatives.Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.Theproblemsthatneedtobetackledexistallalongthefood-supplychainfromfieldstoprocessingplantstokitchens.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheAmerican’sviewoftheirfood?

2.Theauthorconsidersitimpossibletoobtainno-riskfoodbecause（）.

3.Bysaying“theyemploychemicalwarfare”(Paragraph2,Line4),BruceAmesmeans（）.

4.Thereductionofthepossiblehazardsinfoodultimatelydependson（）.

5.Whatisthemessagetheauthorwantstoconveyinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyoverstatethegovernment’sinterferencewiththefoodindustry.

B.Theyareoveroptimisticaboutthesafetyoftheirfood.

C.Theyoverestimatethehazardsoftheirfood.

D.Theyoverlooktherisksofthefoodtheyeat.

问题2选项

A.nofoodisfreefrompollutionintheenvironment

B.pesticidesarewidelyusedinagriculture

C.manyvegetablescontaindangerousnaturalchemicals

D.almostallfoodshaveadditives

问题3选项

A.plantsproducecertainchemicalstocombatpestsanddiseases

B.plantsabsorbusefulchemicalstopromotetheirgrowth

C.farmersuseman-madechemicalstodissolvethenaturalchemicalsinplants

D.farmersusechemicalstoprotectplantsagainstpestsanddiseases

问题4选项

A.thegovernment

B.theprocessor

C.theconsumer

D.thegrower

问题5选项

A.Eatinganddrinkinghavebecomemorehazardousthanbefore.

B.Immediatemeasuresmustbetakentoimprovefoodproductionandprocessing.

C.Healthfoodisnotadreaminmodernsociety.

D.Thereisreasonforcautionbutnocauseforalarmwithregardtofoodconsumption.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第一段第一句“ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.许多美国人对围绕食品的大多数风险持有严重扭曲和夸大的看法。”可知C项“他们高估了食物的危害。”与原文相符；A项“他们夸大了政府对食品工业的干预”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“他们对食品的安全性过于乐观。”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“他们忽略了他们所吃食物的风险。”，原文并没有相关表达。因此C选项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第二段第二句“…upto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.……高达植物重量10%的成分是天然杀虫剂。”可知A项“没有一种食物是不受环境污染的”与原文相符。B项“农药在农业中被广泛使用”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“许多蔬菜包含危险的天然化学物质”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“几乎所有的食品都含有添加剂”，原文并没有相关表达。因此A选项正确。

第3题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第二段第三句“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves...因为植物没有颌或牙齿来保护自己……”可知这里的“theyemploychemicalwarfare它们使用化学武器”代指“植物产生某些化学物质来对抗虫害和疾病”，由此知A项“植物产生某种化学物质来对抗病虫害”与原文相符。B项“植物吸收有用的化学物质来促进它们的生长”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“农民使用人造化学物质溶解植物中的天然化学物质”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“农民使用化学药品保护植物免受病虫害”，原文并没有相关表达。因此A选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句“Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.也许最重要的是，消费者将不得不更好地学习如何正确处理和烹饪食物。”可知C项“消费者”正确。A项“政府”；B项“加工者”；D项“种植者”。因此C选项正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章最后一段第二句“WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.虽然美国人没有理由害怕坐在餐桌前吃饭，但他们完全有理由要求显著改善食品和水安全。”可知D项“关于食物消费，有理由谨慎，但没有理由惊慌。”与原文相符。A项“饮食变得比以前更危险。”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“必须立即采取措施改善食品生产和加工。”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“健康食品在现代社会不再是一个梦。”，原文并没有相关表达。因此D选项正确。

20.单选题

UndertheBushadministrationAmericahasgonefromapolicyof“dualcontainment”ofIranandIraqtooneapproachingdualfailure.ItremovedtheironruleofSaddamHussein,butcreatedananarchicvoidinIraqintowhichIranhasextendeditsinfluence.ExhaustedbytheinsurgencyinIraq,AmericanowstruggletodealwiththemoreacutethreatofweaponsofmassdestructionposedbyIran’snuclearprogramme.America’sAraballiesmaybeterrifiedbythestrengtheningofIran，buttheyareevenmoreterrifiedbytheprospectofAmericanmilitaryactiontodestroyIran’snuclearfacilities.

InEuropethereisadegreeofacceptancethat,soonerorlater,theworldmayhavetodealwithanuclear-armedIran.SomeintheBushadministrationthough,regardthatprospectasevenmorehorrendousthantheconsequencesofattackingIran,whichmayincludemoreinstabilityinIraqandelsewhere,moreterrorismandthedisruptionofoilfromthePersianGulf.Thereisnocertainly,moreover,abouthowfarmilitarystrikescansetbackthenuclearprogramme,ifatall.

GeorgeBushhasrepeatedlysaidthat“allopinions”remainonhistable,bywhichhemeanstheuseofmilitaryforce.Buttheoneoptionhehasseemedlesskeenonistheidea,advocatedbymanyofseekinga“grandbargain”withIranonawholerangeofdisputes,fromthenuclearquestiontopeacewithIsrael.WhenAmericawasstrong,itfeltitdidnotneedtodealwithIran.Nowitisworriedbytheprospectoflookingweak.

Nevertheless,therehasbeenarealchangeofpolicysincethedayswhenMr.BushsaidIranwaspartofthe“axisofevil”.HisadministrationhasofferedtojoinnucleartalksifIransuspendsuraniumenrichment.RayTakeyh,anexpertonIran,arguesinthelatestissueofForeignAffairssays:bettertodealwiththepragmatists,andstrengthenthem,ratherthangivefreereintotheradicals.Hemayormaynotberight.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Americafailedto(

).

2.Thephrase“thatprospect”(Line2,Para3)refersto

(

)

.

3.

RayTakeyhurgedtheAmericagovernmentto(

)

.

问题1选项

A.containeitherIranofIraq

B.extenditsinfluenceinIran

C.createdananarchicvoidinIraq

D.removetheruleofSaddamHussein

问题2选项

A.AmericanmilitaryactiononIran

B.setbackinIran’snuclearprogram

C.anIranarmedwithnuclearweapons

D.America’sthreatinIran’sweapons

问题3选项

A.stopseeingIranaspartof“theaxisofevil”

B.holdnucleartalkswithIranwithnoconditions

C.suspendtheuraniumenrichmentprograminIran

D.adoptapragmaticratherradicalapproachtoIran

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

【解析】1.细节题。题干：根据这篇文章，美国没有做到______。第一段第二句说到“ItremovedtheironruleofSaddamHussein,butcreatedananarchicvoidinIraqintowhichIranhasextendeditsinfluence”，说明美国推倒了萨达姆的统治，在伊拉克造成了统治空白，伊朗趁机扩大了影响力，选项A、C、D都是美国做成的，但是B选项没有。因此B选项符合题意。

2.指代题。第二段第一句“InEuropethereisadegreeofacceptablethat,soonerorlater,theworldmayhavetodealwithanuclear-armedIran”说到伊朗核武器的问题让整个欧洲担心。因此“thatprospect”说的就是“拥有核武器的伊朗”，C选项符合题意。

3.观点题。题干：RayTakeyh敦促美国政府______。文章最后一段提到“bettertodealwiththepragmatists,andstrengthenthem,ratherthangivefreereintotheradicals”，更好的办法是，与伊朗方面的实用派谈判，而不是放任激进派。因此D选项符合题意。

21.翻译题

Buildingadegreeoftransportationandinventorycostambiguityintothesystemdesignwillallowonetoestimatehighandlowvaluesforthesecosts,withthecomfortthatcostswillcomeinbetweentheseworstandbestcases.Globalsourcingsystemsarealsodynamiccreatures,subjecttochangeandimprovementovertime.Itisessentialthattheperformanceofthesourcingsystembemonitoredbyallpartiestothepartnershiptomaintainitscommonfocus.Severaladditionalitemsshouldbeconsideredwheneverinternationalsourcingisanalternativeforafirm:possibleuseofchildlabor,changingtariffstructures,foreigntradezones,exportingforassemblyinbond,andcountertrade.

【答案】

在系统设计中建立一定程度的运输和库存成本的模糊性，将可以估算出这些成本的高值和低值，而成本将会在这些最坏和最好的情况之间。全球采购系统也是动态的，随着时间的推移会发生变化和改进。至关重要的是，结为伙伴关系的各方都要对采购系统的性能进行监控，以确保达成共识。当