考研考博-英语-大理大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大理大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thepresidentmadea（

）speechattheopeningceremonyofthesportsmeeting,whichencouragedthesportsmengreatly.

问题1选项

A.vigorous

B.tedious

C.flat

D.harsh

【答案】A

【解析】句意:校长在运动会的开幕式上做了慷慨激昂的演讲，这极大地鼓舞了运动员们。

考查形容词辨析。vigorous充满活力的，精力充沛的;tedious冗长的，啰唆的，单调乏味的；flat平淡的，单调的，平坦的；harsh严酷的，严厉的，恶劣的。根据后半句句意可知A正确。

2.单选题

Mostreligiousorganizationsdependonthe（）actionsoftheirmembersforfinancialandmaterialaid.

问题1选项

A.elemosynary

B.ellemosynary

C.elemosinary

D.eleemosynary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。D选项eleemosynary“施舍的；慈善的；接受接济的”。A，B和C这三项在英语中不存在。句意为：大多数宗教组织依赖它们成员的慈善行为来获取资金和物资支持。根据句意可知D选项正确。

3.单选题

Inthe19thcenturyitwascommontohearpeopleinEuropeandAmericasaythattheresourcesoftheseawereunlimited.Forexample,a（1）biologistwritinginthemid1800scommentedthatallofthegreatseafisheriesare（2）.Todaythere'sevidencethattheresourcesoftheseaareasseriouslythreatenedas（3）ofthelandandtheairandtheconcernofconservationistsnowincludesherringandcod（4）theAfricanelephant,theIndiantigerandtheAmericaneagle.（5）,thethreattofishismorealarminginsomewaysthanthethreattobirdsandlandanimalsbecausefishareamuch-neededfoodresource.Manypeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdietsanda（6）inthefishsupplycouldhave（7）effects（8）hungerandpopulation.FishermenintheN.Atlanticaloneannually（9）20billionpoundsoffish（10）fooddemands.Butitisimportanttorecognizethatthesepracticescannotcontinuewithoutdepletingfishresourceswithinthenextfewyears.

问题1选项

A.noteworthy

B.noted

C.noticeable

D.notifying

问题2选项

A.inexhaustible

B.inexhausted

C.exhaustible

D.exhausted

问题3选项

A.that

B.it

C.which

D.those

问题4选项

A.butalso

B.and

C.aswellas

D.with

问题5选项

A.Furthermore

B.Nevertheless

C.More

D.However

问题6选项

A.increase

B.decline

C.decree

D.increment

问题7选项

A.expositive

B.expansive

C.extensive

D.excessive

问题8选项

A.to

B.on

C.for

D.in

问题9选项

A.harvest

B.buy

C.ask

D.raise

问题10选项

A.toinsure

B.tosatisfy

C.toignore

D.tocomplete

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:B

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

【解析】（1）形近词辨析。noteworthy显著的；noted著名的；noticeable显而易见的,明显的；notifying为名词,意为通知。根据原文可知,这里修饰人,只有选项B正确。

（2）inexhaustible无穷无尽的；inexhausted未用尽的；exhaustible用尽的；exhausted耗尽的。上文提到海洋的资源是无尽的,这里是举例说明,所以选项A符合原文。

（3）根据原文句意可知,此处缺少land的宾语。those指代上句提到的resources。这里是把海洋,陆地和空中的资源进行对比。所以选项D符合语境。

（4）herring,cod和后面的Africanelephant等属于并列关系,所以选项C符合句意。

（5）上一句提到了“threat”,这一句依然讲的是“threat”,所以这里是递进关系,选项A符合语境。

（6）根据定冠词a可首先排除选项A和D；根据句意可知是供应减少,所以选项B正确。

（7）extensiveeffects为常用的搭配,意为广泛的影响,所以选项C正确。

（8）对...产生影响用介词on,所以选项B正确。

（9）根据句意可知,这里指收获200亿磅的鱼,选项A符合句意。

（10）satisfydemands为常用搭配,意为“满足需求”。选项B正确。

4.填空题

Americahasthebestsystemofhighereducationintheworld.TheInstituteofHigherEducationatShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityrankstheworld’suniversitiesonaseriesofobjective（1）suchasthenumberofNobelprizesandarticlesonprestigiousjournals.17ofthetop20universitiesinthatlistareAmerican.Americanuniversities（2）employ70%oftheworld’sNobelprize-winners.Theyproduceabout30%oftheworld’s（3）ofarticlesonscienceandengineering,accordingtoasurvey（4）in2001，and44%ofthemostfrequentlycitedarticles.

WhyisAmericasosuccessful?Wealthclearlyhassomethingtodowithit.Americaspendsmorethantwiceasmuch（5）studentastheOECD（经合组织）average，andalumniandphilanthropists（慈善家）routinelyshoweruniversities（6）gold.Historyalsoplaysapart.Americanshavealwayshada（7）forhighereducation.ThePuritansestablishedHarvardCollegein1636,justtwo（8）aftertheyfirstarrivedinNewEngland.

ThemainreasonforAmerica’ssuccess,however,liesinorganization.Thefirstprincipleisthatthefederalgovernmentplaysa（9）part.Americadoesnothaveacentralplanforitsuniversities.Itdoesnottreatits（10）ascivilservants,as（11）FranceandGermany.Instead,universitieshaveawide（12）ofpatrons.Theacademiclandscapehasbeen（13）byrichbenefactorssuchasEzraCornell,CorneliusVanderbilt,JohnsHopkinsandJohnD.Rockefeller.

Thesecondprincipleiscompetition.Universitiescompetefor（14）,fromstudentstoprofessorstobasketball,stars.Professorscompeteforfederalresearch（15）.Studentscompeteforcollegescholarshipsorresearchfellowships.Thismeansthatsuccessfulinstitutionscannot（16）ontheirlaurels（成就）.

Thethirdprincipleisthatitisallrighttobeuseful.Americahasalways（17）universitiesasmorethanivorytowers.This（18）on“payingdividends”remainsa（19）featureofacademicculture.Americanhas（20）theartofforginglinksbetweenacademiaandindustry.Americanuniversitiesearnmorethan$1billionayearinroyaltiesandlicensefees,anddozensoperatetheirownventurefunds.

测试

【答案】1.criteria

2.currently

3.output

4.conducted

5.per

6.with

7.passion

8.decades

9.limited

10.academics

11.do

12.range

13.shaped

14.everything

15.grants

16.rest

17.regarded

18.emphasis

19.prominent

20.pioneered

【解析】1.由suchasthenumberofNobelprizesandarticlesonprestigiousjournals.如诺贝尔奖的数量和发表在著名期刊上的文章。可知这些都属于条件。

2.本句结构完整，句意：美国大学（）雇佣世界上70%的诺贝尔奖得主。

3.句意：科学家产出了世界上30%的关于科学和工程方面的学术文章，以及44%的经常被引用的文章。

4.conductasurvey做调查；句意：根据2001年的一项调查…

5.句意：美国花在每个学生身上的钱是经合组织平均水平的两倍多。

6.showerwith抛撒，大量给予；句意：校友和慈善家每年都会大量赠予资金。

7.haveapassionfor对…的强烈爱好；由下一句“清教徒在第一次到达新英格兰后于1636年建立哈佛大学”可知“美国人对高等教育有强烈爱好”。

8.此空需要填一个表示时间的名词。twodecades20年。

9.此空需填一个形容词，空前有不定冠词a修饰，故空格处所填形容词不以元音字母开头。再联系下文可知，对于美国的大学，不像法国和德国那样，美国政府并没有实行中央计划。所以美国高等教育成功的第一个原因就是联邦政府发挥了有限的作用。形容词中只有limited符合题意。

10.treat…ascivilservants将___看作公务员。由上一句可知“对于美国的大学，美国政府没有实行中央计划。”所以接着进一步说明，美国政府没有把美国大学看作是政府的公务员。

11.asdoFranceandGermany像法国和德国那样。句意：对于美国的大学，不像法国和德国那样，美国政府并没有一个实行中央计划。

12.haveawiderangeof有广泛的…。由下文可知有一些富有的捐赠者，故此空填range.

13.此空需填一个动词的过去分词，表被动。学术氛围被形成，故用shaped。

14.由空后的from…可知美国的大学对于一切都竞争。

15.此空需填一个名词，由federalresearch可推知是政府的研究补助金。句意：教授为获得政府的研究补助金而竞争。

16.reston停留在…。由上文可知美国的大学为一切而竞争，教授为获得补助金而竞争，学生为了奖学金而竞争，整个大学都是在不断地向前的一种状态。故这空总结道：这意味着成功的大学不能停留在这些成就上。

17.regard…as把…认作；句意：美国总是将大学看作不仅仅是象牙塔。

18.空后有介词on,空格处要填名词，只有emphasis合适。句意：这种强调取得好结果成为了…。

19.此空需填形容词，美国大学对取得好结果的关注成为了其学术文化的显著特色。

20.此空需填动词。句意：美国开创了在学术界和工业界建立联系的艺术。美国首先开创了这门艺术，故用pioneered。

5.单选题

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youneversawtheweaknesses,justthestrengths.

Dadwastheoutgoing,morepublicpersonwithwhompeoplemetandfellinlovewithrightaway.EveryoneknewDad!Then,whentheygottomeetMom,theyfelttheexactsamewayaboutheraswell.Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.

Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.Haveyoueverheardhusbandsandwives,whenspeakingtoothers,makeunkindremarksabouttheirspouses?It’soneofthosethingspeoplejustseemtodo.Sure,they’re“onlykidding”ormaybetheyarenot.Butwordsmatter.Andwordsteach,whetherpositivelyornegatively.

Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.Thislessonmadesuchanimpressiononme.IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.Thecrewbosswasoneofthosestereotypicalbeerguzzling,hard-livingguys,whowouldhaveprobablybelongedtoRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodgefromtheoldHoneymooner’sTVshow.Forlunch,myfolksboughtpizzaforthecrew.Dadwenttotalkwiththebossaboutthejob.Iwasaroundthecomerlistening.

Thebosssaid,“Thisisanexpensivejob.Womenwillreallyspendyourmoney,won’tthey?”Dadresponded,“Well,I’lltellyou,whentheywererighttherewithyoubeforeyouhadanymoney,it’sapleasuretodoanythingforthemyoupossiblycan.”

Thiswasn’ttheanswerthecarpetinstallerexpectedtohear.Hewaslookingfornegativebanteraboutwiveswhich,tohim,wasnatural.Hetriedagain:“But,gee,they’llreallyplayoffthatandspendalltheycan,won’tthey?”Dadreplied,asIknewhewould,“Hey,whenthey’rethereasonyou’resuccessful,youwantthemtodothethingstheyenjoy.There’snogreaterpleasure.”

Thecrewbosstriedonemoretime.Andthey’lltakethatasfarastheycan,huh?Dadresponded.“She’sthebestthingthateverhappenedtome.I’ddoanythingtomakeherhappy.”

Iwastryingnottolaugh.IknewhewantedDadtogiveinjustalittlebitandsay,“Yeah，Iguessthat’strue.Butitwouldn’thappen...notinamillionyears!”

Finally,theinstallergaveupandwentbacktowork,probablyshakinghisheadinbewilderment.Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.

MomandDadarenowretiredandenjoyingtheirlifetogether,justhangingout,reading,andvisitingtheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Theyrecentlycelebratedtheir43rdweddinganniversary.Theystillholdhands,andtheyaremoreinlovethanever.Throughouttheyears,wheneverMomwouldremindmethatIshouldbelookingtogetmarried,I’dsay,“Ma,Ihaveplentyoftime.”She’djokinglyreplythatIdon’thave“that”muchtime.MyDadwouldthenlookatmeinthatwisdom-filled,citystreetsbredwayofhisandsay,“Hey,youtakeallthetimeyouneed.Ifyoumarrysomeonejusthalfthewomanyourmotheris,you’llhaveagreatlife.”Ishouldonlybesolucky.

1.Whataretheauthor’smother’scharacteristics?

2.Howdidtheauthor’sparentsteachhimthemostimportantthingaboutmarriage?

3.Whydidtheauthor’sfamilybuypizzaforthecrew?

4.Whichofthefollowingisleastlikelytobeacceptedbythiscrewboss?

5.Whatkindofimpactdidtheconversationbetweenhisfatherandtheinstallerhaveontheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Sheismorepublicanddetermined.

B.Sheismorepatientandcomfortable.

C.Sheismoreagreeableandpaysmoreattentiontodetails.

D.Sheisinchargeofaccountingandrunningthebusiness.

问题2选项

A.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youonlysawthestrengths.

B.Theyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaveryprosperousbusiness.

C.MomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.

D.Theyalwaysspokeofeachotherinapositiveway.

问题3选项

A.Theywereputtingacarpetinplaceinourhome.

B.Myfatherhadsomethingtoaskfromthecrewhead.

C.ThecrewbosscamefromRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodge.

D.Thecrewbosswasastereotypicalbeerloving,hard-livingguy.

问题4选项

A.Womenwillsparenocostwhentheyjustwanttodoit.

B.Womengivefullplaytotherightsmengrantthem.

C.Womenarethepowerhousebehindmensuccessstory.

D.Womenaretheruinofmen.

问题5选项

A.Menshouldloveandrespecttheirwives.

B.It’simmoraltospeakillofsomeonewithouttheperson’spresence.

C.Achildshouldlearntoprotectpatents’goodimages.

D.Weshouldvaluethedayswespendtogetherwithourspouses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第四段“Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.妈妈，虽然一点也不害羞，但做一个幕后的人更舒服。她更注重细节，经营账本，据父亲说，她是真正让生意运转起来的人。”可知C项“她更和蔼可亲，注重细节”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第五段“Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.我父母教给我们孩子关于爱情和婚姻的最重要的一课就是如何谈论你的配偶。”以及第六段“Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.你永远不会从我父母那里听到这样的事情。爸爸总是用最赞美、最热烈的语言谈论妈妈。她对他也一样。”可知作者的父母总是对外人互相赞美对方。故D项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第六段“IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.我还记得我12岁的时候，我们家正在铺地毯。”可知A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由父亲与工人的谈话可知，工人认为女人只会花钱，对女人是持贬低的态度。A项“女人只要想做就会不惜任何代价”；B项“妇女充分发挥了男人赋予她们的权利”；C项“女人是男人成功故事背后的动力”；D项“女人是男人的祸根”。可知C项工人最不可能接受。

5.推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.在那一刻，我的父亲教会了我爱和尊重你的妻子，这比他告诉我的任何事情都要多。”可知A项“男人应该爱和尊敬他们的妻子”正确。

6.单选题

Justasthescientist’sclaimsaboutcloningwereproventobe______andunlikely,sotoowerethemethodsusedtoarriveatthemfoundtobe______andriddledwithfundamentallapsesinthescientificmethod.

问题1选项

A.implausible…erroneous

B.acrimonious…redundant

C.esoteric…lackadaisical

D.articulate…unwarranted

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.implausible…erroneous难以置信的……错误的B.acrimonious…redundant讥讽的，尖刻的……多余的，过剩的

C.esoteric…lackadaisical深奥难懂的……懒洋洋的，无精打采的D.articulate…unwarranted发音清楚的，口才好的……无根据的，无保证的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】第一个空格处和unlikely（不可能的）并列的，所以推测该空格与unlikely意思相近，选项中implausible符合句意；第二个空格根据后面的riddledwithfundamentallapsesinthescientificmethod（充斥着科学方法的根本性失误）可知，该空格表示“错误的”。因此，该题选择A项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】正如科学家所说的那样，克隆被证明是难以置信的和不可能的，克隆过程中用到的偏离科学的基本方法也是错误的。

7.单选题

Thecomputerrevolutionmaywellchangesocietyas______asdidtheIndustrialRevolution.

问题1选项

A.fundamentally

B.comparatively

C.certainly

D.insignificantly

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项fundamentally“根本地”；B选项comparatively“相对地”；C选项certainly“无疑地”；D选项insignificantly“无关紧要地”。句意：计算机革命很可能像工业革命一样______改变社会。根据语境，这里指的是计算机革命和工业革命一样对社会的影响重大，A选项fundamentally“根本地”符合题意。题干中提到计算机革命很可能会改变社会，C选项certainly“无疑地”错误。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwelladjustedchildreninmodernsocietiesaremostlikelytocomefromtwo-parentfamiliesconsistingofthebiologicalfatherandmother.Alternativefamilyformswhichareattempted,suchassingle-parentandstepfamilies,havebeendemonstratedtobeinferiorinchildoutcomes.Therecentmovementawayfromthetwo-natural-parentfamilyhasledtoconsiderablesocialmalaiseamongtheyoung,nottomentionsocialdecayingeneral.

Itcanbearguedthatchildwell-beingwouldbeenhancediffamilieslivedamongcare-givingrelativesandinsupportivecommunities,butthishasbecomeanever-diminishingsituation.Historically,asubstantialstrippingdownhasoccurredofboththeextendedfamilyandthecohesiveneighborhood,andthistrendisprobablyirreversible.Thestatehastriedtofillthevacuum,burwithoutmuchsuccess.Thetwo-parentnuclearfamilythereforemaybemoreimportanttodayforchildren,andforsocietyingeneral,thaneverbeforeinhistory.

Constitutingoneofthegreatestdilemmasfacedbymodernsocieties,however,isthefactthatnuclearfamiliesthemselvesarebreakingapartdramaticallyhighrates.Thechancesinsomesocietiesarenowlessthan50to50,thanksmainlytodivorceandbirths,hatachildwilllivecontinuouslytoadulthoodwithbothnaturalparents.Thisisdespitethefactthat,unlikeintimespast,parentsnowalmostlivetoseetheirchildrenreachmaturity.

Onefundamentalreasonforthehighbreak-uprateisthatthenatureofmarriagehaschanged.Notsolongagomarriagewasaneconomicbondofmutualdependency,asocialbondheavilyupheldbyextendedfamilies.Today,marriageisnoneofthese.Theeconomicbondhasbecomedisplacedbyaffluence,byfemaleeconomicpursuit,andbystatesupport;extendedfamilypressuresonmarriageshaveallbutvanished;andmodernsocietieshavebecomeincreasinglyunconcernedwithreligions.Marriagehasbecomeapurelyindividualpursuit,animpliedandnotveryenforceablecontractbetweentwopeople;arelationshipdesignedtosatisfybasicneedsforintimacy,dependencyandsex.Whentheseneedschange,orwhenapresumptivelybetterpartnerisdiscovered,marriagesareeasilydissolved.Moreover,moreoftheeverydayneeds,traditionallymetbymarriage,canbemetinotherdays,suchasthroughthemarketplace.

Withitssurroundingandsupportingsocialstructurescollapsing,cantherebeanyhopethatthenuclearfamilycanberevived?Yesthebasisforhopeliesinthefundamentalbiologicalandpsychologicalmakeupofhumankind.Iftheevolutionarybiologistsarecorrect,humanbeingsareapair-bodingspecies.

1.Whichofthefollowingfamilyformsmaybeidealforachild'swell-being?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthetrendofmodernfamiliestoday?

3.Thehighbreak-uprateoftwoparentnuclearfamiliescanbeattributedto（）.

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtherevivalofnuclearfamilyis（）.

5.Theword"affluence"(Paragraph4)isinsimilarmeaningto（）.

问题1选项

A.Extendedfamily

B.Single-parentfamily

C.Stepfamily

D.Nuclearfamily

问题2选项

A.Easily-dissolvedpartnership.

B.Ever-diminishingcohesiveneighborhood.

C.Decreasingnumberofextendedfamilies.

D.Husbandandwifeheldinpassiveobedience.

问题3选项

A.socialdecayingeneral

B.custompressure

C.collapseoftheeconomicbondofmarriage

D.thecompletelydifferentnatureofmarriage

问题4选项

A.negative

B.optimistic

C.hopeless

D.mournful

问题5选项

A.wealth

B.health

C.culturalrefinement

D.modernconveniences

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第二段指出:Thetwo-parentnuclearfamilythereforemaybemoreimportanttodayforchildren,andforsocietyingeneral,thaneverbeforeinhistory(因此，双亲核心家庭在今天对儿童和整个社会可能比历史上任何时候都更加重要)。由此可知，如今对孩子成长最理想的家庭模式是two-parentnuclearfamily(双亲核心家庭)。故选D。

第2题:细节事实题。A:容易破裂的婚姻。B:不断疏远的邻里关系。C:大家庭数量减少。D:处于被动服从地位的丈夫和妻子。第二段指出:Historically,asubstantialstrippingdownhasoccurredofboththeextendedfamilyandthecohesiveneighborhood,andthistrendisprobablyirreversible(从历史角度看，大家庭数量大幅缩水，紧密的邻里关系也变得更加疏远，而且这种发展趋势是不可逆转的)。因此B跟C项属于现代家庭的趋势。第四段指出:Whentheseneedschange,orwhenapresumptivelybetterpartnerisdiscovered,marriagesareeasilydissolved(当这些需求发生改变，或者当一位看似更加合适的伴侣出现后婚姻就会很容易破裂)。因此A项也是现代家庭的趋势。只有D项未在文中体现，本题选D。

第3题:细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位至第四段:Onefundamentalreasonforthehighbreak-uprateisthatthenatureofmarriagehaschanged(高离婚率的一个根本原因是婚姻的本质发生了改变)。因此D项“婚姻本质发生改变”正确。

第4题:观点态度题。最后一段指出:Yesthebasisforhopeliesinthefundamentalbiologicalandpsychologicalmakeupofhumankind(是的——希望的基础在于人类基本的生理和心理构成)。由此可见，作者对于核心家庭的复兴的态度是积极乐观的。

第5题:词义题。根据题干定位至第四段:Theeconomicbondhasbecomedisplacedbyaffluence,byfemaleeconomicpursuit,andbystatesupport（女性对经济的追求及政府的支持已取缔了这一经济纽带)。由此可知，affluence表示与“经济状况”相关的意思。因此A项“财富”正确。

9.单选题

Throughouttheages,（）acommonobservation（）certaindiseasesareassociatedwithparticularemotionsandattitudes.

问题1选项

A.it’s...that

B.it’swhich

C.it’sbeen...that

D.it’sbeen...which

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。根据句子意思，可知空格应该用现在完成时态表示从古至今，选项A和B可排除。又根据特殊句型，it充当了形式主语，所以that引导真正的主语从句，that无实义，只起引导和连接作用。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Researchersproducedevidencetosupportwhatmostofusalreadyknew—thatacupofteaistheanswertoanycrisis.

Dr.MalcolmCross,apsychologistatCityUniversityLondon,testedtheanxietylevelsofagroupofpeoplefollowinga（1）

situationandrevealedthatevenasinglecupofteahasa（2）

calmingeffect.Histeamgave42volunteersamentalarithmeticexamand（3）

offeredhalfofthemacupofteaandtheotherhalfaglassofwater.Thewatergroup’sanxietylevelssoared（4）

25percentcomparedwithbeforethetask,（5）

theteagroupactuallyreportedafourpercentreductioninanxiety—despitethedifficulttest,theywererelaxedthanwhentheystared.

Accordingtoasurveycarriedoutfortheresearch,68percentofBritons（6）

teainadilemma,makingitthenation’smostcommonresponsetotroubleof（7）

kind.About60percentsaidthepromiseofcomfortandwarmthwasthemainreasonforputtingthekettleon.“The（8）

ofmakinganddrinkingtea—particularlyduringtimesofstress—isatthevery（9）

ofBritishculture,”Crosssaid.

Thisstudyshowsthatthesocialpsychological（10）

ofteaenhancetheeffectsofitschemicalmake-uponourbodiesandbrains.

问题1选项

A.light-hearted

B.serious

C.comfortable

D.stressful

问题2选项

A.significant

B.rigorous

C.severe

D.selective

问题3选项

A.previously

B.afterwards

C.besides

D.lately

问题4选项

A.on

B.in

C.by

D.at

问题5选项

A.while

B.however

C.meanwhile

D.nevertheless

问题6选项

A.giveup

B.oweto

C.lookon

D.turnto

问题7选项

A.whichever

B.whatever

C.however

D.whoever

问题8选项

A.ceremony

B.function

C.ritual

D.observance

问题9选项

A.beginning

B.moment

C.end

D.core

问题10选项

A.aspects

B.faces

C.sites

D.ways

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:B

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:A

【解析】1.考查形容词辨析。A选项light-hearted“轻松的”；B选项serious“严肃的”；C选项comfortable“惬意的”；D选项stressful“紧张的，有压力的”。句意：伦敦城市大学的心理学家马尔科姆•克罗斯博士测试了一组人在________情况下的焦虑水平，发现即使是一杯茶也有镇静作用。根据语境，需要镇静的情况只有当人处于紧张的状态，所以stressful“紧张的，有压力的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

2.考查形容词辨析。A选项significant“有效的”；B选项rigorous“严密的”；C选项severe“严峻的；剧烈的”；D选项selective“有选择性的”。句意：发现即使是一杯茶也有________的镇静作用。根据语境，significant“有效的”形容effect“作用”比较合理，符合题意。因此A选项正确。

3.考查词义辨析。A选项previously“预先”；B选项afterwards“然后”；C选项besides“以及”；D选项lately“近来”。句意：他的团队给42名志愿者进行了心算测试，________给其中一半人一杯茶，另一半人一杯水。根据语境和横线前面的and得知是先做测试再给水或茶，所以afterwards“然后”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

4.考查固定搭配。A选项soaron非固定搭配；B选项soarin非固定搭配；C选项soarby“激增了……”；D选项“激增到……”。句意：与任务前相比，喝水对比组的焦虑水平飙升________25%。根据下文theteagroupactuallyreportedafourpercentreductioninanxiety（喝茶对比组的焦虑感实际上减少了4%），可知这里在对喝水对比组和喝茶对比组的结果进行说明，可推测结果在内容方面一致，所以soarby“激增了……”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

5.考查语法。句意：________喝茶对比组的焦虑感实际上减少了4%。4个选项意思都为然而。A选项while引导从句；B选项however，C选项meanwhile和D选项nevertheless后面紧跟逗号，横线后面为完整的从句，所以A选项while符合题意。因此A选项正确。

6.考查词组辨析。A选项giveup“放弃”；B选项oweto“由于”；C选项lookon“看待”；D选项turnto“求助于”。句意：这项调查显示，68%的英国人在遇到两难困境时会________喝茶，这使得喝茶成为英国人面对麻烦时最普遍的应对方式。根据语境，这里指人们选择通过喝茶帮助自己脱离那个焦虑的困境，所以turnto“求助于”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

7.考查代词辨析。A选项whichever“无论哪个”；B选项whatever“无论什么”；C选项however“无论如何”；D选项whoever“无论是谁”。句意：这项调查显示，68%的英国人在遇到两难困境时会求助于喝茶，这使得喝茶成为英国人面对________种类的麻烦时最普遍的应对方式。根据语境，这里指无论遇到什么麻烦，人们选择喝茶，所以whatever“无论什么”比较符合题意。因此B选项正确。

8.考查形容词辨析。A选项ceremony“（公共或宗教的）典礼；（正式或传统的）礼节”；B选项function“盛大的集会”；C选项ritual“习惯；（尤指）宗教仪式”；D选项observance“宗教（或传统节日）的仪式”。句意：泡茶和喝茶的________——尤其是在压力大的时候。根据语境，在压力大的时候喝茶是一种习惯，所以ritual“习惯”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

9.考查形容词辨析。A选项beginning“开始”；B选项moment“时刻”；C选项end“结束”；D选项core“核心”。句意：泡茶和喝茶的习惯——尤其是在压力大的时候——是英国文化的________。根据语境，这里指喝茶是英国文化中不容忽视的一部分，所以core“核心”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

10.考查形容词辨析。A选项aspects“方面”；B选项faces“表面；面部”；C选项sites“地点”；D选项ways“方法”。句意：这项研究表明，茶在社会心理________增强了其化学成分对我们身体和大脑的影响。根据语境，这里是指从社会心理的角度来说，茶对我们的影响更大了，所以aspects“方面”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Whichsporthasthemostexpenses_______trainingequipment,players'personalequipmentanduniforms?

问题1选项

A.inplaceof

B.bywayof

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】inplaceof代替;bywayof经由;intermsof依据,按照,在……方面;bymeansof通过,依靠。句意：哪项运动在训练器材、运动员个人装备和队服等方面的开销最大?选项C符合句意。

12.翻译题

Directions:Forthispart,youaretotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

西安是我国黄河流域古代文明的重要发源地之一，与雅典、罗马、开罗并称为世界四大古都。西安古称长安，距今已有3000多年的历史。自西周时起一直到唐代，先后有12个王朝在这里建都，历经2000余年。汉、唐两代，更是西安的鼎盛时期。汉代的长安城相当于古罗马城的3倍，唐代的长安城则为汉长安城的2.4倍，人口多达百万以上。中华人民共和国成立后，西安一直是西北的政治中心和陕西省省会所在地。

【答案】Xi’anisoneoftheimportantcradlesofancientcivilizationintheYellowRiverValleyofChina,andisknownasthefourancientcapitalsoftheworldtogetherwithAthens,RomeandCairo.Xi’an,knownasChang’aninancienttimes,hasahistoryofmorethan3,000years.FromtheWesternZhouDynastytotheTangDynasty,12dynastiesestablishedtheircapitalshereformorethan2,000years.TheHanandTangdynastiesweretheheydayofXi’an.TheCityofChang’anintheHanDynastywasthreetimesthesizeofancientRome,andthecityofChang’anintheTangDynastywas2.4timesthatofHanChang’an,withapopulationofmorethanonemillion.SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,Xi’anhasbeenthepoliticalcenterofnorthwestChinaandthecapitalofShanxiProvince.

13.翻译题

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday’smediaandtechnologybrawl-iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,Windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD-wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it’sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit’sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.

Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfo-techisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday’sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn’texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It’snosurprise,ofcourse.

Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision’sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofiti