考研考博-英语-四川水利职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川水利职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Whatyouhavesaidisaninstanceof______andrevealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife.

问题1选项

A.pedantry

B.assertion

C.intimidation

D.aspiration

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项pedantry“迂腐，卖弄学问”，B项assertion“断言，声明，主张”，C项intimidation“恐吓，威胁”，D项aspiration“渴望，抱负”。根据关键信息revealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife“表现出对现实生活的不了解”可知选择A项符合句意。句意：你所说的是卖弄学问的例子，说明你不熟悉现实生活。因此，该题选择A项正确。

2.单选题

Thepolicemenwentintoaction（

）theyheardthealarm.

问题1选项

A.promptly

B.directly

C.quickly

D.presently

【答案】B

【解析】句意:警察一听到警报就马上行动了起来。

语法题。考查连词。分析题干可知,此处需填入连词连接前后句子。只有B项directly能够作连词，表示“一…就…”。

3.单选题

Japan'sproductivityhasovertakenAmericaninsomemanufacturingindustries,butelsewheretheUnitedStateshad（）itslead.

问题1选项

A.takenup

B.broughtup

C.clungto

D.restedon

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。takeup“占据；开始从事”；bringup“提出；教育”；clingto“坚持；紧握不放”;reston“依靠；停留在”。前半句提到“在一些制造业，日本的生产力已经超过了美国”，根据表转折的并列连词but可知后半句讲述的是“美国在其他领域依然处于领先地位”。因此选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Scarcelyhadtheysettlethemselvesintheirseatsinthetheater（

）thecurtainwentup.

问题1选项

A.than

B.when

C.before

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考试固定搭配。scarcely...when...意为“一……就……，刚刚……就……”。

句意：他们刚坐在剧院的座位上，幕布就升起了。

5.单选题

Scientistshopethecollisionwillproducealargecraterinthecomet’ssurfaceinordertorevealthecoreandgivesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem.

问题1选项

A.sources

B.interpretations

C.clues

D.observations

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项source“来源，水源，原始资料”，B项interpretation“解释，翻译，演出”，C项clue“线索，（故事等的）情节”，D项observation“观察，监视，观察报告”。根据givesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem“为太阳系的起源提供一些……”可知，“线索”符合语境。句意：科学家们希望这次碰撞将在彗星表面产生一个巨大的陨石坑，以便揭示其核心，并为太阳系的起源提供一些线索。因此，该题选择C项正确。

6.单选题

Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions”.Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit”.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.”ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes―findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge—thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefensewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendlywealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.

1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

（

）.

3.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrooks’sdefense

（

）.

4.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

B.companies,financiallossduetoimmoralpractices

C.governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues

D.thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions

问题2选项

A.GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime

B.morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking

C.AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge

D.phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions

问题3选项

A.revealedacunningpersonality

B.centeredontrivialissues

C.washardlyconvincing

D.waspartofaconspiracy

问题4选项

A.generallydistortedvalues

B.unfairwealthdistribution

C.amarginalizedlifestyle

D.arigidmoralcode

问题5选项

A.Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

B.Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

C.Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper

D.Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmeclianisni”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket(她（即Elisabeth）声称，由于我们集体性地接受社会中唯一的‘分类机制’应该是利润和市场，所以诚实己经瓦解)。因此可知A项“现在的分类机制的后果”正确。

2.判断推理题。由第三段中“Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.其它的记者窃听电话案件等候着审判。这类传说仍然在发生。”的对应可推知B项“更多的记者可能被判电话窃听罪”正确。A项“GlennMulcaire可能否定电话窃听是一种犯罪”；C项“对于该指控（即电话窃听），AndyCoulson应该被认为是无罪的”；D项“电话窃听在某些情况下将会被接受”。

3.推理判断题。最后一段指出:MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers(虽然布鲁克斯（Brooks）女士可能或可能没有怀疑她的记者们如何获取他们的新闻故事，但是她没有问任何问题、给出任何指示一也没有得到可追踪的有记录的答案)。由此可推知C项“几乎是不令人信服的”正确。

4.判断推理题。由题干关键词collectivedoctrine定位至倒数第二段:Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendlywealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation(对这一代人而言，集体信条是社会的分类机制应该是利润。重要的言语是效率、灵活性、股东利益、有利营商的财富产生、销售额、影响，而在报社方面就是发行量)与最后一段:ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact(编辑世界新闻的目的不是去促进读者了解、在所撰写的新闻方面保持公正或显露任何共同的人性，而是为了追求发行量和影响而毁掉生活),由此可推知A项“通常被扭曲的价值观”正确。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.编辑世界新闻的目的不是去促进读者了解、在所撰写的新闻方面保持公正或显露任何共同的人性，而是为了追求发行量和影响而毁掉生活),由此可知C项“在报纸编辑中道德意识是重要的”正确。

7.单选题

Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.Theofficialcasefor“academicmobility”isnowoftenstatedinimpressivetermsasafundamentalnecessityforeconomicandsocialprogressintheworld,anddebatedinthecorridorsofEurope,butitiscertainlynothingnew.Seriousstudentswerealwaysreadytogoabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;insearchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold.

Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,theirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople.Thepointoflearningistoshareit,whetherwithstudentsorwithcolleagues;onepresumesthatonlyeccentricshavenointerestinbeingcreditedwithastartlingdiscovery,oranewtechnique.Itmustalsohavebeencomfortingtoknowthatotherpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldwereabouttomakethesamediscoveryorwerethinkingalongthesamelines,andthatonewasnotquitealone,confrontedbyridiculeorneglect.

Inthetwentiethcentury,andparticularlyinthelast20years,theoldfootpathsofthewanderingscholarshavebecomevasthighways.Thevehiclewhichhasmadethispossiblehasofcoursebeentheaeroplane,makingcontactbetweenscholarseveninthemostdistantplacesimmediatelypossible,andprovidingfortheveryrapidtransmissionofknowledge.

Apartfromthevehicleitself,itisfairlyeasytoidentifythemainfactorswhichhavebroughtabouttherecentexplosioninacademicmovement.Someofthesearepurelyquantitiesandrequirenofurthermention:therearefarmorecentersoflearning,andafargreaternumberofscholarsandstudents.

Inaddition,onemustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthesciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormousnumberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined.

Thesepeoplewouldworkinsome,isolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolatedgroupsinothercountries.

Frequentlythesespecializationslieinareaswhereveryrapiddevelopmentsaretakingplace,andalsowheretheresearchneededfordevelopmentsisextremelycostlyandtakesalongtime.Itispreciselyintheseareasthattheadvantagesofcooperationandsharingofexpertiseappearmostevident.Associatedwiththisisthegrowthofspecialistperiodicals,whichenablescholarstobecomeawareofwhatishappeningindifferentcentersofresearchandtomeeteachotherinconferencesandsymposia.Fromthesemeetingscomepersonalrelationshipswhichareatthebottomofalmostallformalizedschemesofcooperation,andprovidethemwiththeirmostsatisfactorystimulus.

1.Accordingtothepassage,scholarsandstudentsaregreattravelersbecause（

）.

2.Thewritersaysthattravelwasimportantinthepastbecauseit（

）.

3.Thewriterthinksthatacademicworkhasrecentlybecomemorespecializedbecause（

）.

4.Thewriterclaimsthatitisimportantforspecialiststobeabletotravelbecause（

）.

5.Developmentsininternationalco-operationareoften,itissuggested,theresultof（

）.

问题1选项

A.salariesandconditionsarebetterabroad

B.standardsarehigheratforeignuniversities

C.theyareeagerfornewknowledge

D.theirgovernmentsencouragethemtotravel

问题2选项

A.ledtoeconomicprogress

B.wasawayofspreadingideas

C.madenewideaslessshocking

D.brokedownpoliticalbarriers

问题3选项

A.morepeoplearestudyingsciences

B.agreatervarietyofsubjectsisstudied

C.morestudentsaredoingpostgraduatework

D.thenumberofuniversitieshasincreased

问题4选项

A.theirfellowexpertsarescatteredroundtheworld

B.theirlaboratoriesareinremoteplaces

C.therearesomanypeopleworkinginsimilarfields

D.thereisalotofdissatisfactionwithsocialaffairsatuniversities

问题5选项

A.articlesinlearnedjournals

B.programssponsoredbygovernments

C.friendshipsformedbyscholarsatmeetings

D.theworkofinternationalagencies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

1.文章第一段最后一句话Seriousstudentswerealwaysreadytogoabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;insearchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold提到认真的学生总是准备去国外寻找充满新思想的老师和最负盛名的学府，去寻求纯粹的哲学，最有效的医学等等。由此可知，学生和学者去国外是为了学习新知识。选项C符合题意。

2.文章第二段第一句话Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,theirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople提到这种流动性意味着思想的流动，思想穿越了国界，并且对许多群体产生了影响。由此可知，学者的旅行在不断促进思想的传播。选项B符合题意。

3.文章第五段Inaddition,onemustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthesciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormousnumberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined提到人们必须认识到尤其是在科学领域的学科数量的显著增长成就了一大批专门领域研究的专家。由此可知学术研究的专门化是由于学科数量的增加引起的，选项B符合题意。

4.文章第五段最后一句Thesepeoplewouldworkinsome,isolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolatedgroupsinothercountries提到如果他们不去与同样孤单的团体保持联系，他们将会陷于孤立的境地。所以，他们需要通过旅行来保持彼此之间的联系。选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一句Fromthesemeetingscomepersonalrelationshipswhichareatthebottomofalmostallformalizedschemesofcooperation,andprovidethemwiththeirmostsatisfactorystimulus提到学者们建立的私人关系是几乎所有合作体系中最基本的要素，并且能推动学术的发展，这是令所有学者都满意的。由此可知，国际合作往往开始于学者间建立的私人关系。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Onewayforwriterstosupportapointisthrough（

）,thatis,bymeansofseveralexamplestobackupanidea.

问题1选项

A.illustration

B.explanation

C.demonstration

D.interpretation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项illustration“说明”，有举例说明的意思；B选项explanation“解释”；C选项demonstration“游行示威，证明”；D选项interpretation“解释，说明”。根据severalexamples（几个例子）可知选A。句意：作家支持一个观点的一种方法是通过说明，即通过几个例子来支持一个观点。

9.单选题

Thehistoryoflifeonearthhasbeenahistoryof（）betweenmanandhissurroundings.

问题1选项

A.interaction

B.interference

C.interpretation

D.integrity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项interaction“相互影响；互动”；B选项interference“干扰；干涉”；C选项interpretation“解释；翻译”；D选项integrity“正直”。句意：地球上的生命史是一段人类与环境的……史。地球上的生物除了人还有自然，我们与自然是相互影响的，地球的演变与我们和自然的相处息息相关。因此A选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thecriticsconsideredonlytheundesirablequalitiesintheartist’swork,whileignoringor______themoredesirableones.

问题1选项

A.criticizing

B.overlooking

C.deserting

D.flattering

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.criticizing批评B.overlooking忽略

C.deserting抛弃，遗弃D.flattering奉承，谄媚

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处与ignoring为并列成分，所以空格处的意思与ignoring（忽视）的意思相近，故B项符合。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子意思。

【句意】批评家们只考虑了艺术家作品中的不良品质，而忽略了更可取的品质。

11.单选题

Peoplewhorefuseto（

）withthelawwillbepunished.

问题1选项

A.obey

B.consent

C.conceal

D.comply

【答案】D

【解析】句意:拒绝遵守法律的人要受到惩罚。

动词辨析。obey服从，遵守。consent同意，准许;conceal隐藏，隐瞒;comply遵从，服从。A和D都符合句意。但是obey后面直接接宾语。故选D。

12.单选题

Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,wasfinally（）becauseofthebadweather.

问题1选项

A.setoff

B.brokeoff

C.wornoff

D.calledoff

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组。A:setoff“出发；（使）开始”；B:brokeoff“突然停止”；C:wornoff“磨损”；D:calledoff“取消”。句意：原定于上星期五举行的运动会，由于天气不好，最终取消。结合语境，可知D为正确答案。

13.填空题

MuchofwhatisbestinRoots—thestoryofhisfamilytracesbackoversevengenerations—waswritten

outofthisman’sownsufferingsanddespair.Heisclosetotearsashetellsthestory.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Btracesback改为tracedback

【解析】【考查点】非谓语动词。

【解题思路】根据waswritten，可知动作已完成，trace是非谓语动词，用过去分词traced表示动作已发生。

【句意】《根》讲述了他的家族七代人的故事，其中最精彩的部分是他用自己的痛苦和绝望写成的。当他讲述这个故事时，几乎要流泪了。

14.单选题

Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto（

）healthy.

问题1选项

A.preserve

B.stay

C.maintain

D.reserve

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。preserve“保护，保存”；stay“保持”，可作系动词后接形容词作表语；maintain“维持”；reserve“预订，储备”。句意：专家说散步是保持健康的最好方法之一。因此选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare’sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower,norisPicasso’spaintingGuernicaprimarilyaprepositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishedanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield,thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperaoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）.

2.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven’smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven（）.

3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerataare（）.

4.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartisticactivitytranscendslimitswith（）.

5.Theauthorimpliesthataninnovativescientificcontributionisonethat（）.

问题1选项

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular

D.resultofhighlycreativescientificactivity

问题2选项

A.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits

B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy

C.embellishedandinterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim

D.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninhighlyinnovativefashion

问题3选项

A.unjustifiablyignoredbymostofmusicologiststoday

B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalue

C.musicalworkswithpopularhistoricalthemes

D.examplesofmusicalworkswithnewprincipleoforganization

问题4选项

A.deepskepticism

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.moderateamusement

问题5选项

A.iscitedwithhighfrequencyinthepublicationsofotherscientists

B.doesnotrelegateparticularstotheroleofdata

C.introducesanewvalidgeneralization

D.presentsthediscoveryofanewscientificfact

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第六句“Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.”创造性科学产生新的命题，在这些命题中，不同的现象可以以更连贯的方式相互关联。由此可知，把不同的现象连贯地联系起来是高度的创造性科学所产生的结果。选项D符合原文。

2.信息判断题。根据第二段的末尾几句可知，贝多芬并没有推翻任何基本规则。相反，他是一个无与伦比的谋略家，他以惊人的独创的方式，利用了他从前辈如海顿、莫扎特、亨德尔和巴赫那里继承来的规则、形式和惯例。所以选项D符合原文。

3.事实细节题。根据关键词“FlorentineCamerata”定位到第二段第三句“suchastheoperaoftheFlorentineCamerata,...thegreatworksofmusic.”如佛罗伦萨卡米拉塔的歌剧，尽管具有显著的历史重要性，但很少有听众或音乐学家会把它们列入伟大的音乐作品之中。也就是说不被普遍认为具有很高的审美价值，选项B与原文表述一致。

4.观点态度题。根据第一段的第三句“However,theideathat...validforthesciences.”然而，将非凡的创造力超越既定限制的观点应用到艺术上是有误导性的，尽管它可能适用于科学。由此推断，作者的态度是怀疑的，选项A正确。

5.细节推理题。根据段第六句“Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.”创新科学产生新的命题，在这些命题中，不同的现象可以以更连贯的方式相互关联，选项C符合原文。

16.单选题

AtdawnonSeptember5th,1972,abandof“BlackSeptember”ArabguerrillasbrokeintotheIsraelibuildingintheOlympicvillagenearMunichwhere10,000athleteswerestaying.Over250plainclothespolicehadbeenbroughtintothevillage,followingatip-offtroubleahead,butnoneofthemsawtheArabsscalethefence.TheyburstintotheIsraelibuildingwithsubmachinegunsblazingat5:10am.SomeIsraeliathletesescapedthroughthewindowsandsidedoors.Nineweretakenhostage.Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany.WithinhourstheOlympicvillagewassurroundedby13,000police.TheOlympicGamesweresuspended.Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry.TheyweretakenbyhelicoptertotheFurstenfieldmilitaryairport25milesfromMunich.JustbeforemidnighttheguerrillasandtheirhostagesbegantowalkacrossthetarmactoawaitingBoeing727aircraft.SuddenlyalltheairportlightswereturnedoutandGermanpolicesharpshootersopenedfire.Therescueattemptfailedtragically.Inthegunbattleallninehostages,werekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods.Onthe8th，IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre.

1.ThemostpossiblereasonforIsraeliathletesbeingattackedandkidnappedisthat（

）.

2.Whenthetroubletookplace,theOlympicGames（

）.

3.Theterroristsweretoldthattheywouldbeprobablysentbyairto

（

）.

4.HowmanyArabswerethereasterrorists?

5.WhatdoyouthinkPalestineandIsraelwouldactnext?

问题1选项

A.theyhadaconflictwiththeArabguerrillas

B.theArabguerrillaswantedtosavethePalestiniansheldinIsraelijails.

C.theGermanGovernmenthatedIsrael

D.theArabguerrillashopedtogetalargesumofmoney

问题2选项

A.werecompleted

B.weregoingon

C.weretobefinished

D.weretotakeplace

问题3选项

A.Italy

B.India

C.Syria

D.Nigeria

问题4选项

A.Seven

B.Eight

C.Nine

D.Itwasn’tmentioned

问题5选项

A.Theywouldbeginanotherconflict.

B.Theywouldbegintonegotiate

C.Theywouldtrytoimproveeachother’srelation

D.TheywouldturntoUN.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章指出：Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany（这些游击队员要求释放被关押在以色列监狱的200名巴勒斯坦人并安全地离开德国），因此B项“这些阿拉伯游击队员想解救被关押在以色列监狱的巴勒斯坦人”正确。

2.细节事实题。由文中“TheOlympicGamesweresuspended（奥运会被暂停）”可知当时奥运会正在进行。故选B。

3.判断推理题。文章指出：Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry（经过一些协商，恐怖分子们被告知他们和其人质将被用飞机送到一个阿拉伯国家），四个选项中，只有C项“叙利亚”属于阿拉伯国家。

4.细节事实题。文中指出：Inthegunbattleallninehostageswerekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods(枪战中9名人质全被打死，4名阿拉伯恐怖分子和一名警察也被杀。三名阿拉伯恐怖分子被捕，其中一名阿拉伯恐怖分子逃入附近的树林）。因此枪战中一共8个阿拉伯恐怖分子。

5.细节事实题。文章指出：Onthe8th,IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre（8号，以色列的飞机轰炸了10个游击队基地来报复慕尼黑的屠杀）。因此推测A项“他们将开始另外一场冲突”正确。

17.单选题

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlymorningdeliverydidn’t（

）tothetrafficjamofthebusycity.

问题1选项

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项aid“资助，援助，帮助”；B选项amount“总计，等于”；C选项add“增加，添加，计算……总和”；D选项attribute“把……归因于，被认为是……创作的”。句意：我们很高兴地注意到，早晨送货没有加剧这个繁华城市的交通拥挤。故C选项正确。

18.单选题

Watchingnewsprogramatnighthasbecomean（）partofthelivesofmostpeopleinbigcities.

问题1选项

A.automotive

B.instructive

C.unconventional

D.integral

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。automotive自动的；instructive有教育意义的；unconventional不按照惯例的；integral完整的，不可或缺的。句意：晚上看新闻节目已经成为大多数城市人生活中不可或缺的一部分。选项D符合句意。

19.单选题

WhenMr.Liwritesanarticle,healwayskeepseveraldictionaries（）.

问题1选项

A.underhishands

B.byhand

C.outofhand

D.athand

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。byhand用手；outofhand脱手、无法控制；athand

在手边。句意：李先生写文章时，手边总有几本词典。选项D符合句意。

20.单选题

Fromthismaterialwecan（

）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.

问题1选项

A.derive

B.discern

C.diminish

D.displace

【答案】B

【解析】derive源自，获得；discern辨别，识别；diminish减少，缩小；displace取代，置换。句意：从这种材料中，我们可以辨别出数百种你所说的直接产品。选项B符合句意。

21.翻译题

Withalittlemoredeliberationinthechoiceoftheirpursuits,allmenwouldperhapsbecomeessentiallystudentsandobservers,forcertainlytheirnatureanddestinyareinterestingtoallalike.Inaccumulatingpropertyforourselvesorourposterity,infoundingafamilyorastate,oracquiringfameeven,wearemortal;butindealingwithtruthweareimmortal,andneedfearnochangenoraccident.TheoldestEgyptianorHinduphilosopherraisedacorneroftheveilfromthestatueofthedivinity;andstillthetremblingroberemainsraised,andIgazeuponasfreshagloryashedid,sinceitwasIinhimthatwasthensobold,anditisheinmethatnowreviewsthevision.Nodusthassettledonthatrobe;notimehaselapsedsincethatdivinitywasrevealed.Thattimewhichwereallyimprove,orwhichisimprovable,isneitherpast,present,norfuture.

【答案】当我们对人的追求多点慎重多点考虑，大约就会低头俯首当起学生和观察员来，因为人的本性和命运，想必对所有人而言都是很有意思的。为自己或后代积累财产，成家或立国，甚或是树立个人名望，在这些方面我们都是凡人，终有一死；然而在与真理打交道时，我们都超凡不朽，无须害怕变故。最古老的埃及或印度哲学家，掀起了神像的一角掩面轻纱；那颤动的纱巾迄今依然是掀起的，此刻我所看到的非凡之美，一如哲学家所看到的那般鲜活，因为当初他那么大胆时我就在他体内，而如今我再读仰望尊容时他就在我体内。那袍子如今纤尘未染；自从神明显露以来，也没有时间流逝。那个我们真正拿来用的时刻，或者说那个可以为我们所用的时刻，既非过去，亦不是现在或将来。

22.单选题

ThespellingofmanyOldEnglishwordshasbeen（）inthelivinglanguage,althoughtheirpronunciationshavechanged.

问题1选项

A.preserved

B.preempted

C.revised

D.improved

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。Preserve“保留，保护”；preempt“先占，取代”；revise“修订，校订”；improve“改善，提高”。句意：许多古英语中单词的拼写在现代语言中被保留了，尽管它们的发音有变化。选项A符合题意。

23.单选题

Thepolicemenareperambulatingthestreets.

问题1选项

A.perc