考研考博-英语-上海体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

His（）brainhasworkedawayontheideaofauniversalcure.

问题1选项

A.rich

B.quick

C.productive

D.fertile

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他脑子很灵,己经想出了一个靠谱的治疗方法。

考查形容词辨析。rich富有的,肥沃的,昂贵的;quick快的,迅速的;productive生产的,多产的,富有成效的；fertile（土地）富饶的，肥沃的；（人的头脑）主意多，有创造力的；能生育的。

2.单选题

Theframeworkofthespecialtheoryofrelativitycanbeconstructedfromtheassumptionofabsoluteinvariabilityofthespeedoflight.

问题1选项

A.argumentation

B.hypothesis

C.conviction

D.definition

【答案】B

【解析】句意：狭义相对论的框架可以由光速的绝对不变性的假设来构建。assumption假定，设想；argumentation争论，论证；hypothesis假设；conviction定罪，确信；definition定义，解说。选项B与之意思相近。

3.单选题

Themeetingwas（

）bytheNationalAssociationofWomenforthepurposeoffurtheringthewomen’sliberationmovement.

问题1选项

A.chaired

B.sponsored

C.participated

D.assigned

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。chair意为“担任（会议、讨论等的）主席，主持（会议、讨论等）”；sponsor意为“赞助（活动、节目）等，主办，举办”；participate意为“参加，参与”；assign意为“分派，选派，分配”。

句意：会议由全国妇女协会主办，目的是促进妇女解放运动。

4.单选题

Firstbornchildreninafamilyseemtohaveastrongerdesiretosucceed（）.

问题1选项

A.thandolater-bornchildren

B.butlater-born-childrendo

C.aschildrenbornlater

D.iflater-bornchildrendo

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型结构辨析。dolater-born从句等于later-bornchildrenseemtohaveastrongdesiretosucceed。简化使句子简洁流畅，因为从句主语长，故do在前。句意：一个家庭中第一个孩子似乎有更强烈的成功愿望……。结合句意可知，A选项符合题意。因此答案为A选项。

5.单选题

Nutritionalstatusaffectschildren’sbehavior.Well-nourishedchildrenaremorealertandattentiveandarebetterabletobenefitfromphysicalandlearningexperience.Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.Fatchildrenalsofacemanyproblems.Theyareoftenslowandlessabletoparticipateinphysicalactivity.Theymaysufferfrombeinglaughedatandemotionalstressbybeingexcludedfromplaymates.

Children’sresistancetoinfectionandillnessisalsodefinitelyinfluencedbytheirnutritionalstatus.Childrenwhoarewellnourishedarelesslikelytobecomeill;theyalsorecovermorequicklywhentheyaresick.Poorlynourishedchildrenaremoresensitivetoinfectionsandillness.Illnessalsoincreasestheneedforsomenutrients.Thuspoornutritioncreatesacycleofillness,poorernutritionalstatus,andloweredresistancetoillness.

Malnutritionisaseriousproblemformanyyoungchildrenbutitisnotalwaysassociatedwithpovertyorapoorenvironment.Childrenofmiddleandupperincomefamiliesmayalsobemalnourishedbecauseofunwisefoodselections.Malnutritionoccurswhenthereisprolongedimbalanceofthenutrientsthatarerequiredandthenutrientsthatareactuallyeaten.Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition.

Itisimportantthatbothoftheseconditionsbeavoidedinyoungchild.Anadequateintakeofallrequirednutrientsismostvitalduringearlyperiodsofgrowthanddevelopment.Also,theeffectsofnutritionaldeficiencyonphysicaldevelopmentduringearlychildhoodarelesslikelytobechangedbyimproveddietaryintakelater.

1.Well-nourishedchildrentendtodoallthefollowingbut______.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

3.Malnutritionmaybecausedby______.

4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

5.Theword“withdrawn”inLine3ofPara1means______.

问题1选项

A.beattentivewhilelearning

B.betooactiveinclass

C.benefitfromphysicalactivity

D.behaveveryproperly

问题2选项

A.Children’sresistancetoillnessisdirectlyproportionaltotheirpoornutritionalstatus.

B.Thewell-nourishedtendtorecoverquicklywhentheyareill.

C.Thepoorly-nourishedaremostlikelytobethevictimsofanyinfectiousdisease.

D.Thecycleindicatesthatillnesscanturnthepoornutritionalconditionfortheworse.

问题3选项

A.adeprivedenvironment

B.unwisefoodselections

C.undernutrition

D.alloftheabove

问题4选项

A.overnutritionisevenharmfulthanundernutrition

B.malnutritionhasseriouseffectsonchild’sphysicaldevelopment

C.thenutritionalconditionofayoungchilddeservesmoreconcernthanthatofanadult

D.thenutrientsintakecanbeimprovedasthechildgrowsup

问题5选项

A.isolated

B.reserve

C.selfish

D.stubborn

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“Well-nourished”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Well-nourishedchildrenaremorealertandattentiveandarebetterabletobenefitfromphysicalandlearningexperience.（营养良好的儿童更警觉、更专心，更能从体育活动和学习经验中受益。），所以A选项“在学习时专心致志”，C选项“从体育活动中受益”，D选项“行为端正”均符合营养良好儿童的特点，排除A，C，D。B选项“在课堂上过于活跃”，由第一段第三句Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.（营养不良的孩子可能会安静、孤僻，或者在课堂活动中过于活跃。）可知，这是营养不良孩子的特点，因此本题选B。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由A选项关键词“resistancetoillness”可以定位到文章第二段第五句Thuspoornutritioncreatesacycleofillness,poorernutritionalstatus,andloweredresistancetoillness.（因此，营养不良造成了疾病的循环，营养状况越差，抗病能力越低。），说明营养状况越差的儿童，对疾病的抵抗力也越低。因此A选项“儿童对疾病的抵抗力与其不良的营养状况成正比”与原文的表述不符，本题选A。B选项“营养好的人生病后往往恢复得很快”，C选项“营养不良的人最容易成为传染病的受害者”，D选项“循环表明，疾病会使营养不良的状况恶化”均与原文的意思相符，所以排除B，C，D。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】客观细节题。根据题干可以定位到文章第三段Malnutritionisaseriousproblemformanyyoungchildrenbutitisnotalwaysassociatedwithpovertyorapoorenvironment.Childrenofmiddleandupperincomefamiliesmayalsobemalnourishedbecauseofunwisefoodselections…Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition.（营养不良对许多儿童来说是一个严重的问题，但它并不总是与贫穷或恶劣的环境有关。中高收入家庭的孩子也可能因为不明智的食物选择而营养不良……营养不良可能是营养不足或营养过剩的结果。），说明营养不良的原因有恶劣的环境、不明智的食物选择、营养不足、营养过剩。A选项“恶劣的环境”，B选项“不明智的食物选择”，C选项“营养不足”都是导致营养不良的原因之一，所以D选项“以上都是”正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了儿童营养不良造成的危害和导致儿童营养不良的原因，但是C选项所说“儿童的营养状况比成人的营养状况更值得关注”无法从本文得出，本文并未对比两种状况哪一种更值得关注，C选项首先可排除。A选项“营养过剩比营养不足更有害”，由原文第三段最后一句“Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition”可知，营养过剩和营养不足都是造成营养不良的原因，它们同样有严重的危害，所以A错误。D选项“随着孩子的成长，营养素的摄入量可以得到改善”，由原文可知，早期儿童营养缺乏对身体发育的影响不太可能因以后改善饮食摄入而改变，所以D错误。B选项“营养不良对儿童的身体发育有严重影响”，由原文最后一段可知，Anadequateintakeofallrequirednutrientsismostvitalduringearlyperiodsofgrowthanddevelopment“在生长和发育的早期阶段，充分摄取所有必需营养素是最重要的”，也就是要保证发育期的营养摄入，可反推出“营养不良对儿童的身体发育有严重影响”，因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“withdrawn”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.（营养不良的孩子可能会安静、孤僻，或者在课堂活动中过于活跃。），说明“withdrawn”在文中是形容儿童的性格，意思应该是和“安静”对应的“孤僻的、沉默寡言的”。因此A选项isolated“孤独的”正确。B选项reserve“储备”，C选项“自私的”，D选项“顽固的”均不符合题意，所以B，C，D错误。

6.单选题

Gotmilk?Beveryafraid.Or,preferably,abitskeptical.Somefolksareabouttotrytoconvinceyouthatmilkistoxic.Buttherealquestionis,what’smoredangeroustoyourhealth:milk,orcelebritiesandactivistsembarkedonthelatesttrendycrusade（改革）？Thismonthmarksthepublicity-pumpeddebutoftheAntiDairyCoalition,abandofphysicians,self-described“Holly-woodpersonalities”andotherswhodecrywhattheycall“thehealthandnutritionalrisksofconsumingdairyproducts”.

Thecoalition,includingitsspokes-Jeremiah,writerGeorgePlimpton,wouldhaveyoubelievethatmilkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.RobertCohen,founderoftheADC（andauthorofMilk:TheDeadlyPoison,writes:“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”）

Hyperboleaside,theADCisspotlightingaquestionhotlydebatedbyeveryonefromnutritioniststoparents.Manypatientsaskdoctorswhethertheyshouldgiveupmilk,likethatsupermodeltheysawinterviewedonTV.Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.

Takeheartdisease.Foodslikebutter,cheese,icecreamandwholemilkarepackedwithsaturatedfat（饱和脂肪）,whichblocksarteries（动脉）andcanleadtoheartattacks.That’swhymostnutritionistsadviseswitchingtolow-fatorskimmilkandeatingmoreyogurtandcottagecheesethanHaagen-DazsandBrie.Evenskimmilk,though,cantriggerallergiesinsomepeople,includinginfants,whoinanycasewillgetmoreironandotherkeynutrientsfrombreastmilkorformula.

Somustyoufleefrommilkentirely?Yes,saysCohen,whoholdsthatskimmilkisthedevil’sbrew.It’sfullof—areyousittingdown?—Protein.Andhere’swheretheADCstartstwistingthefactstoreachwildconclusions.Allergiesarefrequentlytriggeredbyproteins（true;asthmaisanallergiccondition（true;it’sbeenincreasingdramatically（true;doctorsdon’tknowthecause（true;therefore,theproteininmilkmustbetheculprit（罪魁祸首）？

AsimilarleapofillogicassumesthatbecausewomenintheNetherlands.Denmark,NorwayandSwedenconsumelotsofmilkandalsosufferhighratesofbreastcancer;theformermustcausethelatter.AnotherclunkerisCohen’sclaimthatwidespreadlactoseintolerance（乳糖不耐受）—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.Infact,manycasesoflactoseintolerancearemildandinterfereonlyslightlywithcalciumuptake.Manypeopleintolerantofmilkcaneasilydigestyogurt.Andlactasetablets（乳糖分解酵素片）canmakedairyproductsdigestibleeveninseverecases.

Ifmilkisn’ttheperfectfood,it’sstillgotsomebigthingsgoingforit.It’saninexpensivesourceofcalcium,protein,potassiumandothervitaminsandminerals.Andunlikeothersourcesofcalcium,suchas,say,steamedkale,milkisafoodkidswilleat.TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies（疾病）,butIcanpointtoothersingle-issueobsessivewhoinsistthevillainismeatorwheatorsugarorsomeothersubstancethatourspecieshaslongandhappilyconsumed.Ioftenlearnsomethingbyexaminingtheirclaims.ButIkeepcoiningbacktothemainstreamnutritionists,whoemphasizeabalanceddietandadvisemoderationinallthings.

1.TheADCholdsthatgivingupmilkwillcausethefollowingdiseasesEXCEPT（）

2.Thewriterthinksthatmilk（）.

3.Itisclearfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifyousufferfromlactoseintolerance（）.

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthewriteris（）.

问题1选项

A.breastcancer

B.diabetes

C.heartdisease

D.lungdisease

问题2选项

A.istoxicandweshouldgiveitup

B.isverynutritiousandweshouldconsumeitasmuchaspossible

C.isthemostidealfood

D.hasitsplusesandminusesandweshouldconsumeitsensibly

问题3选项

A.thewriterisofthesameopinionaboutmilkwiththeADC

B.thewriterregardsmilkastherootofmosthumandiseases

C.thewriteradvisespeopletostayoutoftroublewithmilk

D.thewriter’sopinionaboutmilkdiffersgreatlyfromtheADC’s

问题4选项

A.youhadbettergiveupmilkentirely

B.youshouldhavelessmilkeveryday

C.youcantakelactasewhichcatalyzes（催化）lactoseintoglucose（葡萄糖）andgalactose（半乳糖）

D.youmustseeadoctoratonce

问题5选项

A.anunprejudicedperson

B.anopinionatedperson

C.aworldlyperson

D.awisebutpeculiarperson

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节判断题。根据题第二段的第一句“milkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.”cancerinfections和选项A对应；heartdisease和选项C对应；tuberculosis（肺结核）和选项D对应。只有选项B（糖尿病）没有提及。

2.细节推断题。根据最后一段的前三句可知，作者认为牛奶有好处也有坏处，所以要适量摄取。选项A，B，C表述都太绝对，所以不正确；选项D符合原文。

3.细节推理题。根据最后一段的第四句“TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies...”以及第二段的最后一句“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”可知选项B和C都是ADC的观点；根据原文内容可知，作者和ADC的观点是完全不同的，所以本题选D。

4.细节事实题。根据关键词“lactoseintolerance”定位到第六段第三句“widespreadlactoseintolerance—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.”选项B符合原文。

5.细节推断题。根据第三段的最后一句“Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.”以及最后一段的内容可知作者是一个公平公正的人，因为他虽然不赞同ADC的观点，但也没有完全否定。所以选项A正确。

7.单选题

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas（

）fivemiles.

问题1选项

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.approximately

D.apparently

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我们没有办法精确测量我们的实际旅程，但是我们认为大概是5英里。

副词辨析。Precisely精确地;appropriately适当地;approximately大约，大概;apparently显然。因此C符合句意。

8.单选题

In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepartofEasternEurope（

）Europeintoagreatwar.

问题1选项

A.imposed

B.pitched

C.inserted

D.plunged

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。impose强加，征税；pitch投掷，倾斜；insert插入；plunge跳入，使陷入。句意：1914年，东欧一件明显微不足道的小事让整个欧洲陷入一场大战争中。由insignificantevent与agreatwar可知两者存在联系，即小事件引起大战争，D项符合题意。答案D

9.单选题

Afterbeingdiagnosedashavingtuberculosis,shemovedtotheSouth______herhealth.

问题1选项

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.forthesakeof

D.asaresultof

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项atthecostof“以……为代价”，B项onthevergeof“处于……的边缘”，C项forthesakeof“为了……”，D项asaresultof“因此，由于”。根据句子意思“在被诊断患有肺结核后，她搬到了南方……她的健康。”可推断，空格处应该表示原因，A、B选项排除；D选项单纯指某一个原因造成的结果；C选项有比较强的目的性，所以C选项最符合。句意：在被诊断患有肺结核后，她为了自己的健康搬到了南方。因此，该题选择C项正确。

10.单选题

Afterhiswife'sdeath,hewasonthevergeofa（

）.

问题1选项

A.breakdown

B.breakout

C.breakin

D.breakthrough

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他的妻子过世后，他陷入了崩溃的边缘。

考查形近词辨析。Breakdown崩溃,倒塌,损坏,故障;breakout逃脱,越狱;breakin打断,闯入,开始工作;breakthrough突破,突破性进展。由关键词hiswife’sdeath(他妻子的死亡)可知A符合句意。

11.单选题

Thecountry’sdeficitthatyear（）toarecord169.8billiondollars.

问题1选项

A.soared

B.soured

C.sored

D.sourced

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项soared“飙升，骤然上升”；B选项soured“发酵，厌烦”；C选项sored“弄伤”；D选项sourced“发动，寻找来源”。句意：该国当年的赤字_____创纪录的1698亿美元。这里表达的是“当年的赤字飙升至……”，因此A选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

问题1选项

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。opulently“富裕地，丰裕地”；excessively“过分地，极度”,强调的是超过合理范围的；consistently“一贯地，一致地”；exceedingly“极其，非常”，相当于very。句意：如果你在电梯里盯着陌生人看，你会让别人极其不舒服，并且你自己也会觉得很奇怪。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Thisrockhastobe（）inordertobuildaroad.

问题1选项

A.explored

B.blasted

C.hired

D.maintained

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项explore“探索；探测”；B选项blast“爆炸；损害”；C选项hire“租用；聘用”；D选项maintain“维持；继续；维修”。句意：为了修路，必须炸掉这块岩石。根据“为了修路”可知，B符合题意。

14.单选题

Asupermarket______itsstockveryrapidly.

问题1选项

A.turnsover

B.turnsout

C.turnsoff

D.turnsin

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项turnover“移交给，翻阅，周转”，B项turnout“发生，最后证明是”，C项turnoff“关掉，拐弯”，D项turnin“上交，归还”。根据关键词supermarket（超市）和stock（货物）可推断，空格处应该表示“周转”的意思，四个选项中只有A选项能表达出句子的意思。句意：超级市场的存货周转很快。因此，该题选择A项正确。

15.单选题

Youhavenothingto（）byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.

问题1选项

A.gain

B.win

C.reach

D.profit

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项gain“获得；增加”；B选项win“赢”；C选项reach“达到；延伸”；D选项profit“获利；有益”。句意：你不听我们的建议对你……。由固定搭配Youhavenothingtogain（你没有好处）结合此处语境，A选项正确。

16.翻译题

TranslatingthefollowingpassagesfromEnglishintoChinese.

FormerEnglandcaptainDavidBeckhamistoretireattheendoftheseason.The38-year-oldsignedafive-monthdealatParisSt-GermaininJanuaryanddonatedallofhissalarytocharity.

Beckhammade115appearancesforEnglandand394forManchesterUnited,winningsixPremierLeaguetitlesandtheChampionsLeague.

Here,inhisstatementreleasedtoday,Beckhamtalksabouthisdecisiontoretirefromplaying.

“I’mthankfultoPSGforgivingmetheopportunitytocontinuebutIfeelnowistherighttimetofinishmycareer,playingatthehighestlevel.”

“IfyouhadtoldmeasayoungboyIwouldhaveplayedforandwontrophieswithmyboyhoodclubManchesterUnited,proudlycaptainedandplayedformycountryoveronehundredtimesandlinedupforsomeofthebiggestclubsintheworld,Iwouldhavetoldyouitwasafantasy.I’mfortunatetohaverealizedthosedreams.”

“Tothisday,oneofmyproudestachievementsiscaptainingmycountry.IkneweverytimeIworetheThreeLionsshirt,Iwasnotonlyfollowinginalonglineofgreatplayers,Iwasalsorepresentingeveryfanthatcaredpassionatelyabouttheircountry.I’mhonouredtorepresentEnglandbothonandoffthepitch.”

【答案】前英格兰队队长大卫•贝克汉姆将于本赛季末退役。今年1月，38岁的小贝在巴黎圣日耳曼签署了一份为期5个月的合同，并将自己的全部薪水捐给了慈善机构。

贝克汉姆代表英格兰出场115次，代表曼联出场394次，六次获得英超冠军和欧冠冠军。

在他今天发表的声明中，贝克汉姆谈到了退役的决定。

“我非常感谢巴黎圣日尔曼给我继续参赛的机会，但是我觉得现在是时候结束我的职业生涯了，在最高水平的联赛中。”

“如果你在我很小的时候告诉我，我会为曼联俱乐部效力并赢得奖杯，并自豪地担任队长，为我的国家征战100多次，并为世界上一些伟大的俱乐部效力，我会告诉你这些只是幻想。幸运的是，我实现了这些梦想。”

“直到今天，我最引以为豪的事情就是担任国家队队长。每当穿上三狮军团的战衣，我知道我不仅作为一名球员，同一大群伟大的球员合作征战，我也代表着每一位关心英格兰的球迷。我很荣幸能够成为英格兰的代表，无论是场内还是场外。”

17.单选题

4.

问题1选项

A.Fourdays.

B.Tendays.

C.Oneweek.

D.Twoweeks.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Well,Mr.Black,whatbroughtyoualongtoday?

M:I’vegotapaininmystomach.

W:Howlonghaveitbeenbotheringyou?

M:Afortnight.

Q:Howlonghastheman’sstomachache?

【解析】细节题。Afortnight的意思是十四日，两周。

18.单选题

Lookingatthephoto,itsuddenly（

）onhimthathehadmetthewantedmansomewhere.

问题1选项

A.dawned

B.occurred

C.happened

D.known

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项dawn“破晓；出现；被领悟”；B选项occur“发生，出现”；C选项happen“发生，碰巧”；D选项know“了解，熟悉”。dawnonsb“（事物）变得令人明白”；occurtosb“（主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中，被想起，被想到”，句意为：看着照片，他突然想到，他在哪个地方遇到过这个通缉犯。故正确答案选A。

19.单选题

Thefactthattheearth'ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

问题1选项

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】infrequently很少发生地,稀少地;irregularly不规则地,无规律地;unsteadily不稳定地,摇摆地;unevenly不均衡地,不平坦地,不平行地。句意：地球表面受热不均这一事实提供了一种便捷的方法来划分它的温度区域。选项D符合句意。

20.单选题

Theaimofmakingself-criticismforthemistakeistohelpus______sothatweshallnotrepeatthemlater.

问题1选项

A.showoff

B.holdout

C.measureup

D.soberup

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。showoff“炫耀”；holdout“主张”；measureup“合格”；soberup“（使）清醒”。句意：对错误进行自我批评是为了让我们更加清醒，不再重蹈覆辙。选项D符合题意。

21.单选题

Aswelfarereformhas_______millionsofsinglemotherslikePatinointotheworkforcesince1996,questionsaboutitseffectsonfamilieshaveloomedlarge.

问题1选项

A.nudged

B.propelled

C.divested

D.bumped

【答案】B

【解析】nudge轻推,唠叨;propel推进,驱使;divest剥夺;bump碰撞。句意：自1996年以来,福利改革推动了数以百万计的像帕蒂诺这样的单身母亲加入到劳动力大军中,福利改革对家庭影响的问题日益突出。选项B符合句意。

22.单选题

Dailynutrition,weight,andphysicalactivitiesinthefamilywilllargelydeterminewhetheryourchildrenare（）tochildrendiabetes.

问题1选项

A.likely

B.susceptible

C.influential

D.sustainable

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。likely“很可能的，合适的”；susceptible“易受影响的”；influential“有影响力的”；sustainable“可以忍受的”。句意：家庭中的日常营养、体重和体育活动在很大程度上决定了你的孩子是否容易患上糖尿病。选项B符合题意。

23.单选题

Aftersheheardthesadnewsfromherfather,shewasinavery____mood.

问题1选项

A.cheerful

B.amusing

C.thoughtful

D.pessimistic

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.cheerful开心的B.amusing有趣的

C.thoughtful考虑周到的；有思想深度的D.pessimistic悲观的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处所在部分语义为“她处于一种____的情绪”，前文提到“当她从父亲那里听到这个不幸的（sadnews）消息后”，根据“不幸的消息”推测，她应该是心情不好，D选项“pessimistic”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】她从父亲那里听到这个不幸的消息后，情绪非常悲观。

24.单选题

Indailylife,heisfreeandeasy,butinhiswork,heisaperson（）perfection.

问题1选项

A.inproportionto

B.inpreferenceto

C.inthewakeof

D.inpursuitof

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在日常生活中，他是无拘无朿的，但在工作中他却是一个追求完美的人。

考查短语辨析。inproportionto与…成比例，与…相称；inpreferenceto优先于…；inthewakeof紧紧跟随，随着…而来；inpursuitof寻求，追求。此处为介词短语做后置定语。D符合句意。

25.单选题

Heisofteninclinedto（

）inotherpeople’saffairs,whichisnoneofhisbusiness.

问题1选项

A.manipulated

B.lumbered

C.meddle

D.littered

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。句意:他总是喜欢插手别人的事，那些事跟他毫无关系。

manipulate操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改。lumber缓慢吃力地移动;笨拙地行进;迫使担负(职责等)。meddle管闲事;干涉;干预;瞎搞，乱弄(尤指不应管或不懂的事物)。littern.乱丢；给...垫褥草；把...弄得乱七八糟;乱扔废弃物。

26.单选题

TheEnglishweatherdefiesforecastandhenceisasourceofinterest（

）toeveryone.

问题1选项

A.speculation

B.attribution

C.utilization

D.proposition

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项speculation“思索，推测；做投机买卖”；B选项attribution“归属，归因”；C选项utilization“利用”；D选项proposition“主张，建议，陈述，命题”。句意：英国的天气让人无法预测，因此它成为大家感兴趣和推测的对象。根据句意，A选项正确。

27.翻译题

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10%)

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay,“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsatweekend.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune’sfavoredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.

【答案】【参考译文】

还需要指出的是，有理性的、勤劳的、有用的人们可分为两类：第一类人，工作就是工作，享乐就是享乐；第二类人，其工作和享乐是合二为一的。两类人中，前一类是大多数。这一类人的辛勤自有回报：在办公室或工厂里度过的漫长的工作时间不仅解决他们的生计问题，而且使他们能痛快地享受哪怕是最简单平常的乐趣。但是命运厚爱的孩子却是第二类人。他们的生活自然而和谐，对他们来说，工作时间从来就不会显得太长。每一天都是节，而当平常人的节日来临时，他们就觉得不自在，觉得那是对自己正痛快地过着的节日的干扰。不过无论对哪一类人来说，换个角度来看问题，换个氛围生活，换个方向努力，倒是至关重要。

28.单选题

JohnsoninvitedhisoldsisterSuetoLosAngeles,butherphysicalreport（

）,shedeclinedtheinvitation.

问题1选项

A.didnotcomeout

B.hasnotcomeout

C.doesnotcomeout

D.havingnotcomeout

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。句中herphysicalreport不是句子结构，只有havingnotcomeout做伴随状语符合题意，句意为：约翰逊邀请他的姐姐苏去洛杉矶，但她的身体报告还没出来，她拒绝了邀请。故答案选D。其他三项都是句子结构。

29.单选题

Mr.Whiteisovereighty,buthestill______hispositionaschairmanoftheboardandwillnotretire.

问题1选项

A.goesinfor

B.getsonwith

C.fallsbackon

D.holdsonto

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.goesinfor参加，追求B.getsonwith在……获得成功，与……友好相处

C.fallsbackon求助于，回头再说D.holdsonto坚持，抓住不放

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】由空格后的hisposition（他的职位）可知，四个选项只有D项符合，表示“保留职位”。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合句意。

【句意】怀特先生已经八十多岁了，但他仍然保留着董事长的职位，不会退休。

30.单选题

Fredtriedtogettothedoorbutthetablewas（

）.

问题1选项

A.inaway

B.ontheway

C.intheway

D.bytheway

【答案】C

【解析】句意:Fred打算到门口去，但桌子挡住了路。

考查短语辨析。inaway在某种程度上;ontheway在…途中;intheway妨碍,挡道;bytheway附带说一句。故C符合句意。

31.单选题

It’sapparentthatthewoodenbridgeisnotstrongenoughto（）theweightofalorry.

问题1选项

A.retain

B.sustain

C.obtain

D.maintain

【答案】B

【解析】形近词辨析。根据句意可知，这里指木桥承受不了卡车的重量，选项B符合句意。

32.单选题

Ifyouwanttoseethefutureofbroadbandcommunications,looktothestars.Theheavenscouldsoonbefilledwithmorethan400satellitesprovidinginternetuserswithlowcost,direct-to-the-homeconnectionsthatarehundredsoftimesfasterthantoday'sdial-upmodems.Withunobstructedviewsofvirtuallytheentireworld,satellitesarepoisedtodeliverinteractivebroadbandservicesinwaysevenadvancedground-basednetworkswillbehard-pressedtomatch.

Thenewbreedofsatelliteswillactaspowerfulsignalrepeatersinthesky,receivingandresendingradiotransmissionsfromground-basedantennas.Costingfarlessperunitcapacitythanmostsatellitesnowinservice,theywillemploynewdigitaltechnologiesthatwillimprovethecapacity,reliabilityandsecurityofdatacommunications.Moreover,becausethesystemswilloperateatextremelyhighradiofrequencies,theywillusenarrowradiobeamscapableofcommunicatingwithultrasmallantennasthatcanbeeasilymountedonmosthomes.

Twotypesofsatellitesystemshavebeenproposed.Geostationarysatelliteswillorbit36,000kilometers22,000milesabovetheequatoratthesamespeedastheearth'srotationandthusappearfromthegroundtobestationary.Theywillcommunicatewithfixedorientationdishantennasattachedtocustomers’homesanduseadvancedsignalprocessingtocompensatefortransmissiondelayscausedbythegreatdistancestheirradiosignalsmusttravel.Low—earthorbit(LEO)satellites,incontrast,willcircletheglobeonceeverytwohoursataltitudesunder1,500kilometers,reducingthetimeneededtobeamsignalstoandfromtheearth'ssurface.ButtheywillrequiresophisticatedsubscriberantennasabletotrackandcommunicatewiththefastmovingLEOsatellites.

Bothtypesofsatelliteswillavoidmanyofthecomplicationsthatplagueground-basednetworks.Specificadvantagesincludethefollowing.

Thedirtylittlesecretofbroadbandisthatthetechnicallimitationsofgroundbasednetworkswillseverelyrestrictavailability.Digitalsubscriberline(DSL)signalsdecayonlongtelephonelinesoronthoseofpoorquality.Localmultipointdistributionservice(LMDS)signalscannotpenetrateleafytrees,buildingsorotherobstructions.Cableperformancedeterioratesiftoomanyhouseholdsinaneighborhoodlogonatthesametime.Fiber-to-the-homeissocostlyasaretrofitthatisusuallyconsideredeconomicallyviableonlyfornewhousingconstruction.ForuptoonethirdofthepopulationintheU.S.andanevengreaterportionworldwide,satellitetechnologywillnotsimplybeachoice,itwillbethechoice.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.AllofthefollowingismentionedasthenewtypeofsatellitesisdescribedEXCEPT（

）.

3.Whydoesageostationarysatelliteappeartobeimmobile?

4.Whatadvantagedoesthelastparagraphintendtofocuson?

问题1选项

A.SatelliteswillmaketheaccesstotheInternetcheaperandmoreconvenient.

B.Satellitescostlessthantoday’sdial-upmodems.

C.Satelliteswillbesuperiortoground-basednetworkstodeliverinteractivebroad-bandservices.

D.Ground-basedantennascansendradiotransmissions.

问题2选项

A.narrowradiobeamswillbeused

B.newdigitaltechnologieswillbetaken

C.thesystemsofthemwillworkatextremelyhighradiofrequencies.

D.theirsignalscanbeeasilymountedonmosthomes.

问题3选项

A.Becauseitisfixedallthetime.

B.Becauseitsorbitspeedisthesameastheearth’srotation.

C.Becauseitspositionisabovetheequator.

D.Becauseitcancommunicatewithfixed-orientationdishantennas.

问题4选项

A.Satellitescanimprovetheavailabilityof