小升初英语分类复习

名词的数及所有格幺词是表示人、事物、地点武林象概念幺称的词。它分为普通名词和专有名词，普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。一、可涉攵词有单涉和复数两种彩式。表示一个人或物用单数形式；表示两个或两个以上的人或物用复数形式。(1)名词复数的规则变化一船情汨(T)在词尾加-s1.清辅音后读/s/;map-mapslake-lakesbook-books2.演辅音和元音后bag-bags读/z/;car-cars.ruler-rulerspen-pens②以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词变复数时在词后加-es读/iz/bus-buseswatch-watches注：(以ce.se.ze,(d)ge等结尾的词 加1・s读/iz/license-licenses)②以辅音字册+v结尾的词存v为i再加-es读/z/ baby—babiesfamily-familes注：boy-boystoy-toys④以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式多数是变f或fe为v,再加-es。读/z/如：leaf-leavesthief-thieveswife-wivesknife-knives但是：roof-roofsgulf-gulfs⑤以。结尾的名词，有生命的变复数时再加-es读/z/加：Neer。-Negroes里人hero-heroes范雄tomato-tcmatoes西红柿potato-potatoes马铃蓍(口诀：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃蓍)无生命的变复数时加・s读/z/如：photo-photosradio-radios(2)名词复数的不规则变化：①改变单数名词中的元音字母，或其他形式。如child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse—mice man—menwoman--women②国人变复数：中日不变，英法变，其它加-sOneChinese-twoChineseoneJapanese-twoJapaneseAnEnglishman-threeEnglishmenaFrenchman-twoFrenchmenAnAmerican-twoAmericansaGerman-twoGermans.此勺卜Russian.African.Asian.Australian,Canadian,Italian,European等变复数时都是直接在词尾加-s.③复合名词的复数形式.i.名词加名词构成的复合名词，将第二个名词变为复数.如

anoletree-appletreesshoeshop-shoeshopsletterbox-letter-boxesgirlstudent-girlstudentsboystudent-boy-students注意：与man和woman构成的合成词，变复数时要把这两个词都变成复数.manteacher-menteacherswomandoctor-womendoctorsii.sport和其他名词构成词组时，习惯上用复数形式sports.如：asportshatsportsnewssportsshoes④特别的复数形式i.单复同形如：deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanesejin,yuan,twoli,threemao,fourjin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometersii.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：oeonlenolicecattle等本身就是复数，不能说apeople,apolice,acattle,但可以说aoerson.aooliceman.aheadofcattle.theEnglish,theBritish.theFrench.theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如：TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。iii,以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：maths,politics,physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。news是不可数名词。theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。“TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.vv一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。iv.表示由两部分松成的东西.只用分独弦式如：glasses（眼镜）trousers裤子clothes衣服gloves手套stockings长筒袜若夫认具体豺目.典借助数量词pair（对，双）；suit（套）；apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousersv.另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，

waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼二、不可数名词的数不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它包括抽象名词，物质名词。如：healthadvicemilkwaterEnglishmoneynewsweatherhomeworkairinformationricetrafficlucknaoertrouble等词常用作不可数名词，因此没有复数形式，其谓语动词须用单数形式。注意：当water意为“海水,江水“，paper意为“报纸，试卷”时可有复数形式。特别提示：不可数名词还可以量化，但须用表示量化单位的词来修饰。如：apieceofnews/paper/work/bread/meatabottleofmilk/waterthreebowlsofricetencupsoftea名词的格.表示有生命的名词的名词所有格一般在词尾加“‘s”如mymother,sbirthdayJim,spen(2)以s结尾的名词所有格，一般只在名词右上加如theteachers,officetheworkers*clubboys,100-meterrace(3)如果两个人共同拥有一样东西.刚只在最后一个名词后加上"'s";W是名自拥有，两个名词后面都要加上“‘s''。如：lilyandhicy'sroom(共同拥有)Lily*sandlucy'srooms(各自拥有)特利I棉示：若名词所有格后所修饰的词夷示“家.店铺.办公空”笑地点名词，地点名词通常可以省略。如：atMr.White's在怀特先生家Atthedoctor*s在诊所在atthetailor*s在裁缝店.表示无生命的名词的所有格(1)涌管采用“cf+攵词”结构来去示毛牛命东西的攵词所有辛茶.沛在被修饰名词的后面。如thedoorofthehousethecoverofthebookThegateoftheschoolthenameofthefilm(2)有叱表示时间、距离、国彖、城市、团体、机构等土牛命东西的女词.也向■以加卜“‘s”来构成而有格.算和攵词如果以s结尾.在s的在上角力口即可。如：today*snewspapertenhours*work(3)有几种情况用to来表达所有格Thekeytothedoor门口的钥匙theanswertothequestion问题的

答案thetickettotheconcert音乐会的门票.双重所有格双重所有格是将。f所有格和“'s”所有格结合在一起表示所有关系。如：Afriendofmysister*siscomingtonight.今晚我姐姐的一个朋友要来Twosonsofmybrother,sarestudents我哥哥的两个儿子是学生。洋意：anhotoofKate,s凯特的一张相匕（昭匕有祖名张.故具是苴中一张.箱特卜柏的人不一定是凯特）aphotoofKate一张凯特的照片（照片上拍的人是凯特）三、专有名词专用分词是去示且休的人、事物、地占或机构等专有幺称的词汇.专有幺词的第一个字母要大写，专用名词前一般不用冠词，但由普通名词构成的专有名词除外。I73I73、5、6、C、piecesofCC、piecesofC、milkssC、Lily'sandLucyC、Tom'sA、pieces B、pieceofDoyouwanttodrinkmuch?A、amilk B、milkThisisroom.It'sverybig.A^LilyandLucy'sB、Lily'sandLucyGerman,GermenD.Germans,GermanyWevisitedhouseyesterday.German,GermenD.Germans,GermanyA、Tom B、TomsDoyouwantsome forsupper?A、apotato -B、potatoes C、potatosInautumn,youcanseealotofontheground.A、leaf B、leafs C>leaves7、Mysisterhastwo.Oneisold,theotherisnew.A、awatch B、watchs C、watches8、BestwishestoyouforDay!A、Teacher*s B>Teachers9 C、Teacher9、ManychildrenliketogotothePalaceonSunday.A、Children B、Childrenys C、Childrens91010、TheycomefromJapan.Theyre .A、JapaneseB.JapanesesC.Japans11.theycomefromdifferent A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys12.Howmanydoyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoes13.Theyare .A.womanteachers-C.womanteacher14.Wouldyoulike A.twoglassofwaterC.twoglassofwaters15.Mostof liveinAGermans,GermanC.Germen,GermanyC.tomatoD.thetomatoB.womenteachersD.womanteacher,please?B.twoglassesofwaterD.twoglassesofwatersTherearesome inthese .A.knifes,pencil-boxesB.knives,pencils-boxC.knives,pencil-boxD.knives,pencils-boxesPeopleinAmericaeatmuch.A.coffeeB.onionsC.beefDacedwaterTokeephealthy,weshouldeatmorevegetablesandlessA.meatB.foodC.wineD.drinkCanyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikein time?A.20yearsJB.20year'sC.2-years,D.20-yearsWhatkindof doyoulike?IlikecomediesA.booksB.sports C.moviesD.musicWhat'syourfavoriteChinesetraditionalfestival?It，s .A.AprilFooPsDayB.Father*sDayC.ChristmasDayD.SpringFestivalInBritainareallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersboxIhaveread sportsnewsabouttheFlracetoday.A.twoB.piecesC.twopieceDtwopiecesofWherearethe bags?A.childrens*B.childrentsC.childrenofD.ofchildrenTheroomis .A.Lilyandlucy B.LilyandLucy'sC.Lily'sandLucy'sD.Lily'sandlucyIsitbetweenLilyandLucy,thatistosaymyseatisbetween_A.Lilyandlucy B.LilyandLucy,sC.Lily'sandLucy'sD.Lily,sandlucyIknowtwo onyourbasketballgame.A.womanplayer B.womanplayersC.womenplayers D.womenplayerWhereisthekeythedoor?A.ofB.onC.toD.inAstudentof iscomingtoseemeA.meB.myC.mineD.IApersonhastwo.A.footB.footsC.feetD.feets2.填入所给名词的正确形式.Ihavetwo (knife)Therearemany (box)here.Therearemany ontheroad.Afew (boy)aredrawingonthewall.The (child)areplayingfootballnow.Canyouhelpmebuysome (tomato)?Wouldyouliketofeedthe(deer)?Theyarelovely.The (mandoctor)trytheirbesttosavethegirl.(Today)newspaperisveryuseful.Alotof (toy)areusefulforchildren.Oneofour (student)haslonghair.Anyofyour (idea)wouldbewelcome.IhavereadoneofLuXun's (book)Couldyougivemesome (toothbrush)Thelittlegirlhas4 (tooth)Therearemorethanfifty (piano)inLaibin.Doyouknowthetwo (Canada) (leaf)ofthetreesbegintoturnyellowinautumn.Ihavealotof (homework)todo.Canyougivemesome (advice)onlearningEnglish?一般现在时定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。一般现在时的结构：.be动词所构成的句子肯定句：I+am+其它You\we\they+are+其它He\she\it+is+其它否定句：I+am+not+其它You\we\they-1-are+not+其它He\she\it+is+not+其它一般疑问句：are+you\we\they+其它•・•？Yes,Iam.\No,Iamnot.Is+he\she\it+其它…?Yes,heis.\No,heisn,t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(are\is\am)+主语+其它.therebe句型结构：肯定句:thereis+单数名词'不可数名词thereare+句*数名词的堂数否定句：thereis\are+not+箕它一般疑问句：is\are+there+其它…？Yes,thereis\are.No,thereisn,t\aren,t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+is\are+there+其它…？.情态动词的句子：肯定高：主语+can\may\must+其它(情态动词无人称上的变化)如：Icanswim.Shecanswim.Theycanswim.Wecanswim.否定句：主语+can\may\must+not+其它(can't=cannot)Ican'tswim.一般疑问句：can\may\must+主语+箕它…？Canyouswim?Yes,Ican.\No,Ican't.特殊嶷问句：疑问词+can\may\must+主语+箕它…？Whatcanyoudo?.谓语动词是行为动词的句子：(1)当主语是第一人称Q\we),第二人称(you),第三人称复数(they)时①肯定句：I\we\you\they+行为动词的原形+其它.如：I\we\you\theylikeapples.◎否定句：I\we\you\they+don,t+行为动词的原形+其它.I\we\you\theydon,tlikeapples.③一般疑问句：Do+I\we\you\they+行为动词的原形+其它…？DoI\we\you\theylikeapples?Yes,Ido.\No,Idon,t.④特殊疑问句：疑问词+do+I\we\you\they+行为动词的原形+其它…？Whatdoyoulike?(2)当主语是第三人称单数时(he\she\it)时①肯定句：He\she\it+行为动词的三单形式+其它.Helikesapples.②否定句：he\she\it+doesnot(doesn,t)+行为动词的原形+其它T-Iprlovn，t1iV,pannlx③一般疑问句：Does+he\she\it+行为动词的原形+其它？Doeshelikeapples?Yes,hedoes.\No,hedoesn,t.④特殊疑问句：疑问词+does+he\she\it+行为动词的原形+其它？Whatdoeshelike?注意:行为动词的三单变化规律：①多数动词宣接在动词后+s如：play-playslike-likesask-asks②以字母S,X,sh,ch,o结尾的动词，在词尾加-es如：watch-watcheswish-wishesdo-doesgo-goespass-passes②以辅音字母+v结星的词亦v为i再加-estry-triesstudy-studiesfly-fliescarry-carries④不规则变化：be-is\arehave-has读音柳则:在\t\\d\\k\等清辅音后读\s\;在\s\,\z\等后读\IZ\在浊辅音及元音后读\z\.一般现在时的用法：1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。通常与every---,sometimes,usually,often,once(twice,threetimes)aweek,onSundays等时间状语连用.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Sometimes,heplaysbaskateballwithhisfather.Sheusuallygoestoschoolat7:00.WeoftenvisitthatoldteacheronSundays.2)表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。Nomanbuterrs注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-S或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下：一、人祢代词he,she,it息第三人祢单数。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她+二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起莱像只猫。二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：(T)Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽军是红色的。④ThecatisLucy's.鱼只猫是露茜的。四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：①Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病。©Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。©Thatisaneraser.那是一块橡皮擦。五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。@Thebreadisverysmall.那面包根/j、。六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：①"6"isaluckynumber.”6"是个吉利数字。②Tisaletter.T是个字母。巩固练习题：L写出下列动词的第三人称单数：washmatchguessstudyfinishgo snow.carry _stop see_driveletcarrykeepjoinfindthinkteachcatchstaybeginforeetliedierunprefergive ring dancen.用所给动词的适当形式填空：Be制词专项_hope How you?I fime.IHillary,andmyfamilyname Wei.Whatcolor yourbook?It white.What thisinEnglish?Lily mysister,Lucy mysister,too.They mysisters.These applestrees.Wegoodstudentsyou agoodteacher.TomandLily twins.Fiveandthree eight.10yourIDcardnumber4052666666666666?综合动词专项Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMondays.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday.They (like)theWorldCup.What they(do)onSaturday?Yourparents (read)newspapereveryday.Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSunday.SheandI (take)awalktogethereverymorning.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamebobbies.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.She (notdo)herhomeworkonweekends.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.I (write)toyouassoonasI(get)toLondon.Hedoean9tfeelwelland(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.Henot(see)mecomein,forhe(read)somethingwithgreatinterest..1(let)youhavethebookassoonasI(finish)it.Whilewe(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy(run)uptous.Don'tmakeaniose.Grandpa (sleep)..It*ssevennow,Tom,sfamily(watch)TV.It(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.Whatyourmother(do)ateightyesterdayevening?She (wash)clothes.26.it(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?What(do)tomorrow?We(play)football.There(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.Theysaidthey(visit)theGreatWallthenextsummerholiday.Who (dance)thebestinyourclass?Willyoucomeifhe(notcome)?Theteachertoldustheearth(move)roundthesun.They(have)apartyinthegardenifit(notrain)tomorrow.She (buy)asweateryesterday.35.1don'tknowifMr.Wang(go)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe (go),I(ask)him(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe(study)there.HI单项选择：Iwant homework.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.doIt'stime A.gotoschoolBplaygamesC.togohomeD.todomyhomeworksgoandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let,susC.Let,sD.Let'stoDotheyhaveanewcar?Yes,.A.theydoB.theydon'tC.theydoesD.theydoesn,tHeoftensupperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasC.ishavingD.iseatingThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifittomorrow.A.don,trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainThereanEnglishfilmnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobeThepicturenice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islookingShedownandsoonfellasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.layTheytheofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.gettoWeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyoubacknextweek.A.wilcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.comeDon,tsmokeuntiltheplaneoff.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istakeIsawhertheroomthismorning.A.toenter()B.enteredC.enterD.enterstheteacheraskedustoschoolontime.A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comesJohnisalwaysothers.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelpHetoldusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.workedYou'dbetterathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todoHesatdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.hadUncleWangknowsawashingmachine.A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomakeJimdecidedPollytoLingFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leaveIV将F列句子变为一般疑问句并作出回答.Thatismybook.Thosearehisbooks.TimandTomaregoodfriends.Iam31.Ourteachersareintheoffice.IhaveabookTheyhavesomepens.Lucygoestoschooleveryday.IneedaballforsportHewantstoseeamovie.V.将上面的句子变为否定句VI.对上面的句子进行就划线部分提问现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活罚或现阶段定在进行而布作.箕标志词：look!Listen!Now,rightnow,overthere,atthistime,atthemoment,at5:00等•现在进行时的肯定句的基本结构为：主语Iam+doingYou\we\theyare+doingHe\she\itis+doingIamwatchingTVnow.HeiswatchingTVnow..现在进行时的否定句：主语+be+not+doingIamnotwatchingTVnow.Heisn'twatchingTVnow.注：isn't=isnotaren,t=arenot.现在进行时的一般疑问句：相应的be动词+主语+doing-?AreyouwatchingTVnow?IshewatchingTVnow?Yes,Iam.\No,Iamnot.Yes,heis.\No,heisn,t..现在进行时特殊疑问句：疑问词+相应be动词+主语+doing…？Whatareyoudoingnow?要特别在意有些动词其有进行时：.表示事实状态的前词，如have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue等。Ihavetwobrothers.但是当have表示开会，吃饭，玩得高兴时有进行时.如：Iamhavingtwobrothers.（这是错误的句子）Iamhavingameeting］这才是正确而布子）Thishousebelongstome,.表示心理状态的动词，如know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate等。Iwantsomeapples.Heneedsyourhelp..瞬间动词，如accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse等。Iacceptyouradvice..系劫词，如seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn等Itseemslikeabird.动词加ing（动词现在分词）的变化规律：.一般情况下,直接加ing.look-lookingcook-cooking.以示爰音的e结尾的动词，去e再加inglike-likinghate-hating

3.以重读用音节结尾的动词.后面只有一个辅音字母的时候.双写这个辅音字母.再力11in&,nin-ninninp.nut-nuttingsit-sittingswim-swimmingbegin-beginningstop-stopping相华练习：(1)写出下列动词的现在介词.nlavrunswimmakeQOlikewriteskireadhavesin&dancenutseebuvlovelivetakecomeeetStODsitbeginshoplisten⑵用所给各词的正确配式埴空.Thebov (draw)aoicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sin^)intheclassroom.Look,thev (nlav)footballoverthere.What voij (do)now?Mvsister (cook)somefoodatthemoment.Thev (notwater)theflowersnow.Look,thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.whatisvourmomdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It/s6:00now.we (have)sunnernow.Tom(wash)clothes?Yes.heis.Don'tmakeanvnoise.thelittlebabv (sleen)Whereisvourfather?He(read)thebookonthechair.Theteacherisbusv.he(sleen)6hoursadav.Listen,Lucy(sing)underthetree.Sheoften(sing)there.Theeirl(like)wearingaskirt.Nowshe(wear)aredskirt.(3k冼程颗Whoovertherenow?A.are B.issinerin^C. D.sineIt's8:00now.ThestudentanEnglishlesson.A.arehaving B.ishaving C.haveD.hasListen,thebov inthenextroom.A.crv B.crvin^ C.iscrving D.arecryingLook,thetwins newsweaters.A.wear B.wearine C.arewearingD.iswearingDon9ttalkhere.our nddarentsA.aresleeoineB.issleeoineC.sleeoD.sleeos⑷蒋下列旬子张亦成一般疑问问，并进行回答，然后将他们变成否定句，最后昂就划线部分根间.Thevaredcinehousework.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.Iamolavinethefootballintheolavground.

一般过去时精讲一、一般过去时的概念：一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday昨天、lastnight昨晚、lastweek上周、lastyear去年,等。二、一般过去时的结构：（可分三类不同的结构）l.Be动词的一般过去时在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，amis的过去式为was;are的过去式为were肯定句式：主语+be（was,were）+其它.否定句式：主语+be（was,were）+not+其它.一般疑问句：Be（was,were）+主语+其它？注:在这种构成中，be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was/wereoBe动词分为单数和复数，was是表示单数，were是表示复数。2.实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did.肯定句式：主语+动词（过去式）+其它否定句式：主语+didn't+动词（原形）+其它[didnot=didn't]一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词（原形）+其它[do,does的过去时均为did]?注：did和didn't是构成•般过去时的助动词，其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。4.情态动词的•般过去时态含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时，是十分相似，请注意观察。肯定句式：主语+情态动词+其它.否定句式：主语+情态动词+not+其它.•般疑问句：情态动词+主语+其它？注：情态动词的过去式：can—>could,may-^might,must—>must。三、一般过去时的判断标志词yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last+时间,时间+ago,justnow,amomentago,in+过去的时间，thismorning（一）规则动词的过去式.一。般情况下，在动词原形后面加・ed。look—►lookedplay-^playedstart—>startedvisit—^visited.以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d。live-liveduse-used.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y改为i，再加-edostudy—►studied,try—>triedfly—>flied.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加-ed。stop—>stopped plan—>planned,prefer—preferred.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等五、一般过去时的基本用法①一般过去时的用法表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Hesuddenlyfellilllastnight.他昨晚突然病倒了。②一般过去时的用法表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作。Shewenttothecinemaonceamonthwhenshewasatschool.她上学时每个月去看一场电影。WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenwalkedbytheriverside.我在乡下时经常在河边散步。一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often经常，always总是，onceaweek一周一次，等表示频度的时间状语连用。③一般过去时的用法叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。Shegotupearly,fetchedwater,cleanedtheroomandthenwentoutforawalk.她早早起床，提水，打扫房间然后出去散步。一般过去时练习题I.请用正确动词形式填空LHe (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat_ (eat)abirdlastnight.3.We (have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy_ (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.1 _(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival8.Thegirls (dance)atthepartylastnight.9.1 _(watch)acartoononSaturdaylastweek..you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?.he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he..GaoShan(put)upthepicturelastnight..1(sweep)theflooryesterday.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.17.1listenedbut(hear)nothing.18.Howmanypeople(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?II.改错题HowisJaneyesterday?Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.Icanflykitessevenyearsago. Didyousawhimjustnow. 三、按要求变换句型。.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一■般疑问句)否定句子：主语+was\were+not+doing+其它注:wasnot=wasn'twerenot=weren*t一般疑问句:was\were+主语+doing+其它特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was\were+主语+doing+其它.用法：(1)表示过去某一进间内正在进行的动作Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat9:00pmlastSunday.(2)表示一动作正在进行时，另一动作同时正在进行.Iwasreadingmybookswhilehewascleaningthefloor.(3)表示一个动作正在进行时，另一动作发生了.HeplayedwhenIwasstudying.(4)表示过去即将发生的动作ShetoldmeshewasleavingforBeijing.4.过去进行时和一般过去时的区别：(1)过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性，而一般过去时往往表示动作已完成。试比较：Davidwrotealettertohisfatherlastnight.大卫昨晚给他父亲写了一封信。(信写完了。)Davidwaswritingalettertohisfatheratthistimelastnight.大卫昨晚的这个时候正在给他父亲写信。(指信在写的过程中，不一定写完。)(2).过去进行时和always连用，表示赞扬、感叹、厌恶等感情色彩；而一般过去时和always连用，表示经常或反复发生的动作。试比较：Hewasalwayschanginghismind.他总是三心二意。(表示厌恶)Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.去年他总是乘坐公共汽车上班。(表示经常性动作).一般说来，过去进行时侧重动作持续时间的长度；而一般过去时只说明过去某时发生某事，侧重说明事实。试比较：Itwasrainingheavilylastnight.昨晚下着大雨。(侧重说明下雨持续的时间长。)Itrainedheavilylastnight.昨天下了大雨。(侧重说明下雨这一事实。).在带有allnight,thewholemorning等强调时间长度的状语时，句中谓语动词用过去进行时更好些。如：HewasworkingallnightlastMonday.上周一他整整工作了一个晚上。.在when引导的时间状语从句中，当when相当于while时，用一般过去时与过去进行时差异不大。如：IsawJohnwhenIwalked/waswalkingtothestation.我步行去火车站时看见了约翰。但当when分句中的谓语动词为一般过去，其主句用一般过去时或过去进行时，有时会引起时间关系的变化。试比较：Whenwearrived,shewasmakingsomefreshcoffee.我们到达时，她在调制咖啡。(分句动作发生时，主句动作已在发生.)Whenwearrived,shemadesomefreshcoffee.我们到达时，她调制了咖啡。(分句动作发生在主句动作之前。).有些表示状态、感觉、心理或情感的动词，如:be,have(有)，see,hear,know,think,believe,understand等，一般不用过去进行时，而用一般过去时。如：Ihadalotofworktodoyesterday.昨天我有许多工作要做一.用动词的适当形式填空I (do)myhomeworkwhenmymomcamein.Mymom (cook)at6:00amyesterday.She (play)atthatmoment.We (talk)aboutyouthewholemorning.Whilewe (wait)forthebus,agirl(run)uptous.I (telephone)afriendwhenBob (come)in.Jim (jump)onthebusasit (move)away.We(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity (go)off.She(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers(all,work)inthefields.Whilemother (put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell (ring).AsI(walk)inthepark,it(begin)torain.Evenwhenshe(be)achildshe(already,think)ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞演员).Itwasquitelateatnight.George (read)andAmy(ply)herneedlewhenthey(hear)aknockatthedoor.ThistimeyesterdayLilyandhermother (stay)athome.What you (do)fromeighttonineyesterday?Whenthewomanwaswalkingdownthestreet,she(see)acatinthetree.Whatyou (do)inMaylastyear.一般将来时初中英语中表示一般将来时的语法形式有四种：shall/will+动词原形；begoingto+动词原形；现在进行时和一般现在时。一般将来时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或状态,或表示将来某一段时间内发生的经常性习微性的动作.常见的时间状语有：nextMonday\Sunday-•,tomorrow,thecomingSunday,in+一段时间：inafewdays,infiveyears,inthefuture等现将这四种形式分述如下：一、主语+shall（只用于第一人称）/will+动词原形will可用于所有人称，但shall仅表示单纯将来时，只用于第一人称I和we,以YouandI为主语时通常避免用shall.例如：Hewillbebacksoon.他很快就会回来。Ishall/willbefreeonSunday.星期天我有空。YouandIwillworkinthesamefactory.你和我将在同一工厂工作。will,shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外，还可以带有意愿的色彩，仍指的是将来。例如：I'llbuyyouabicycleforyourbirthday.你过生日时,我给你买一辆自行车。（表示允诺）Willyouopenthedoorformeplease?请你帮我开门好吗？（表示请求）ShallIgetyourcoatforyou?我可以为你拿外套吗？（表示提议）肯定句：peoplewillgotothemoon.否定句：peoplewillnot\won,tgotothemoon.（只要在will的后面加not就行了）一般疑问句：Willpeoplegotothemoon?Yes,theywill.No,theywon,t.特殊疑问句：whenwillpeoplegotothemoon?Therebe句型结构的一般将来时：Therewillbe+名词+其它注意:无论后面的名词是单数还是复数,be都要用原型.Therewillbeonlyonecountryinthewholeworldinthefuture.Therewillbemoretreesin100years.否定句：Therewillnotbemoretreesin100years.一般疑问句：Willtherebemoretreesin100years?Yes,therewill.No,therewon,t.特殊疑问句:Howmanytresswilltherebein100years?二、主语+be（am,are,is）goingto+动词原形肯定句：IamgoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth.否定句：IamnotgoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth.一般疑问句：AreyougoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.特殊疑问句：Whatareyougoingtodonextmonth?.表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如：Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchinourschooltomorrowafternoon.明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。(已有告示)Ifeelterrible.IthinkI'mgoingtodie.我感到难受极了，我想我快不行了。Lookatthoseblackclouds!It'sgoingtorain.看看那些乌云！天快要下雨了。.表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。例如：Heisn'tgoingtoseehiselderbrothertomorrow.他明天不准备去看他哥哥。Maryisgoingtobeateacherwhenshegrowsup.玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。注意：begoingto和will在含义和用法上略有不同。begoingto往往表示事先经过考虑的打算，相当于打算、计划、准备；will多表示末经事先考虑的意图，多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如：Heisstudyinghardandisgoingtotryfortheexams.他正努力学习，准备参加考试。(不能用will替换)一Cansomebodyhelpme? 谁能帮我一下吗？—Iwill. 我来。(不能用begoingto替换).therebe句型结构的一般将来时thereisgoingtobe+单数句词'不可数名词therearegoingtobe+复数名词therewillbe+任何形式的名词如：Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchinourschoolnextmonth.Therearegoingtobe2footballmatchesinourschoolnextmonth.Therewillbea\2footballmatch(es)inourschoolnextmonth.三、一般将来时可以用现在进行时来表示：表示位置移动的动词可以用现在进行进乘表示即将发生的动作(go,come,leave,arrive,start等)UncleWangiscominghere.四：•般将来时还可以用一般现在时来表示。根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，可以用一般现在时来表示将来时。Thenewtermstarts\beginsonAugust29th.注意:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句从，当主句用一般将来时，从句则只能用•般现在时.IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.由when,before,after,while,not---until,assoonas等引导的句子都是时间状语从句.Wewillgotothezooifitdoesn,traintomorrow.由if,unless（除非）引导的句子是条件状语从句（注意要和宾语从句区别开来【wanttoknowifyouwillvisitJapantomorrow.）五用“be+动词不定式”或用"beaboutto”+动词原形来表示将来时。HeistovisitJapannextSunday.Theyareabouttoleave.=Theyareleaving.一般将来时精编练习题一：选择.Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.giveHeherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgiveD.isgoinggivingHeinthreedays.A.comingback B.camebackC.willcomeback D.isgoingtocomingbackWhoswimmingwithustomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;goesThedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.A.willwatchB.watchesC.iswatchingD.towatchTheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehaving B.aregoingtohaveC.willhaving D.isgoingtohaveyoufreenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;beHethereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.beIateacherinthefuture.A.will,beB.is,beC.is,beingD.will,isTheytotheparknextSunday.A.willgoesB.willgoC.isgoingD.willgo1l.Myfamilytochurchnextweekend.A.willgoB.goesC.willgoingD.isgoing.Mymotherwillmeapenciltonight.A.givesB.givingC.give.Heplayfootballtomorrow.A.willB.isC.be.Mygrandpaandgrandmatoseeusintwodays.A.willcomingB.willcomeC.iscomingD.arecoming.SheTVthisevening.A.willswatchB.willwatchingC.iswatchingD.willwatch.Mygrandpaathomethedayaftertomorrow.A.willstayB.willsstayC.willstaysD.isstaying.Momwillbacksoon.A.comesB.comingC.comesD.come.Thereameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingto B.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobe D.willgotobe.Charlieherenextmonth.A.isn'tworking B. doesn,tworkingC.isn,tgoingtoworking D.won'twork.Heverybusythisweek,hefreenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe21Thereadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe22.youfreetomorrow?No.Ifr