英语句子成分课件

什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？！Iamateacher.Areyouastudent?Howbeautifulthegirlis!什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个1英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)和补语（complement）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型.句子包括哪些成分？句子包括哪些成分？2Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.

Practice‹›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补Nobodywent.Practice‹›主3英语句子成分课件4主语（subject）:

句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.

（名词）

Helikesdancing.

（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)

Fishingis

allowed..

（动名词）

主语（subject）:

句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Th5Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名词化的形容词Therichshouldhelpthepoor.61.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主语！1.Doexerciseisgoodforyour7找出下面句子的主语1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主语小测找出下面句子的主语主语小测8单选：1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They单选：9英语句子成分课件10谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为11Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成Theplanetookoffat10o’clo12Openthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Don’tlaughatothers!Don’tcomebacklatetonight.祈使句：1.省略主语you2.谓语动词用原形Openthedoor,please!13找出下列句子的谓语①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?⑤Didthetwinshaveeggsfortheirbreakfast?找出下列句子的谓语①Idon'tlikethepi14⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.

⑦

Heisinterestedinmusic.⑧Whomdidyougivemybookto?⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworky15按要求找出下列句子的主谓：1.Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.（主谓）2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（谓）3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselftowhatyoulike．（主谓）4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.（主谓）5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主谓）主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you按要求找出下列句子的主谓：主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you161.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinonenight.Canyouhelpme?A.finish B.finishingC.tofinish D.finished2.Johnwithtwoofhisfriends____toplaybasketballeverySundayafternoon.A.goB.wentC.goesD.gone单选：It’sadj.forsbtodosth.做某事对某人来说是……的形式主语真正的主语tofinish1.Itisdifficultforme_____173.__upearly,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets4.________upearlyisgoodforyourhealth.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets5.Wow!Thecaketastes_______!CanIhaveonemore?A.wellB.deliciouslyC.badD.good祈使句，谓语动词用原形动名词做主语感官动词+adj.3.__upearly,oryouwillmis18英语句子成分课件19宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。IlikeChina.

Hehatesyou.Howmanydoyouneed?WeneedtwoWeshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.

IenjoyworkingwithyouIhopetoseeyouagain.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。Ili20Heisafraidofher--hisheadteacher.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.介词后面的宾语：介宾注意：人称代词要用宾格Idecidedtogowith_______.A.heB.hisC.herD.theyE.sheHeisafraidofher--hisheadt21Hegavemeabookyesterday.

Givethepoormansomemoney.间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：双宾Hegavemeabookyesterday.

22IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.形式宾语真正宾语Ithinkithardtofinishthis23①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.

②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.

④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

找出下列句子的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehish245.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft..5.Someofthestudentsinthe25表语：

表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．Iamateacher.Sheishappy.Everybodyishere.Theyareathomenow.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Seeingisbelieving.表语：

表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词26

除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词:2)表转变变化的动词:3)表延续的动词feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。become,get,grow,turn,go,等remain,keep,hold,stay,rest等。

除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，feel27宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．

Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.Leavethedooropen.WefoundJohnoutwhenwearrived.Makeyourselfathome.Thebosskeepsthemworkingallday.宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还28挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?挑出下列句中的宾语补足语29状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．Hediditcarefully.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.IwasbornonJune9th1982inGuangxi.Heiswritingwithapen.状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地30定语定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语．

Theblackbikeismine.What’syourname?Abrokenvase.Ihave5books.Asleepingboy.Theymadepaperflowers.TheboyintheroomisJack.Ihavesomethingtodo.Itisaswimmingpool.定语定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短31有哪几种常见的句型结构？有哪几种常见的句型结构？32英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并33英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略34Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.

主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语‹›主+谓+宾+宾补Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.主+35Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.

Practice‹›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补Nobodywent.Practice‹›主36基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：Wecome.基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词37Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）1.Tomgetsup.2.Whathappened?3.Itdoesnotmatter.4.They

talked.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）1.Tomgetsup.38基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个39系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等，表情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表变化。感官动词多可用作连系动词：lookwell/面色好,soundnice/听起来不错,

feelgood/感觉好，smellbad/难闻系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等，表40Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ（表语）1.This

is

an

English-Chinesedictionary.2.Thefoodsmells

good.3.Everything

looks

different.4.He

is

tall

andstrong.5.His

face

turned

red.Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ（表语）1.Thisis41基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特42Ｓ│Ｖ（及物动词）│Ｏ（宾语）1.Who

knows

theanswer?2.Isawafilmyesterday.

3.He

enjoys

reading.4.He

said

"Goodmorning."5.Heknows

whatheshoulddo.Ｓ│Ｖ（及物动词）│Ｏ（宾语）1.Whoknows43基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，eg：give/buy/bring/show。这两个宾语通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。--Givemeacupofteaplease.--ShowthishousetoMr.Smith.--Bringittome,please.基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）有些及44Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│ｏ（多指人）│Ｏ（多指物）Shegave

measmile.2.He

brought

you

adictionary.3.I

showed

him

my

pictures.4.I

told

him

that

the

bus

was

late.5.He

showed

me

howtorunthemachine.Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│ｏ（多指人）│Ｏ（多指物）She45基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的46Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│Ｏ（宾语）│Ｃ（宾补）1.They

painted

thedoor

green.2.Thislet

them

think.3.They

found

thehouseempty.4.He

asked

me

tocomebacksoon.5.I

saw

them

gettingonthebus.Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│Ｏ（宾语）│Ｃ（宾补）1.The47a，ＳＶ

b，ＳＶＰ

c，ＳＶＯd，ＳＶｏＯ

e，ＳＶＯＣ

1，Pleasetellusastory._______2,Shesmiled.______3.Ihavealotworktodo._____4.Hisjobistotrainswimmers._____5.Hesawamanentertheroom._____6.Pleaselookatthepicture._____daebeca，ＳＶb，ＳＶＰc，ＳＶＯ1，48什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？！Iamateacher.Areyouastudent?Howbeautifulthegirlis!什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个49英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)和补语（complement）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型.句子包括哪些成分？句子包括哪些成分？50Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.

Practice‹›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补Nobodywent.Practice‹›主51英语句子成分课件52主语（subject）:

句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.

（名词）

Helikesdancing.

（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)

Fishingis

allowed..

（动名词）

主语（subject）:

句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Th53Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名词化的形容词Therichshouldhelpthepoor.541.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主语！1.Doexerciseisgoodforyour55找出下面句子的主语1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主语小测找出下面句子的主语主语小测56单选：1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They单选：57英语句子成分课件58谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为59Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成Theplanetookoffat10o’clo60Openthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Don’tlaughatothers!Don’tcomebacklatetonight.祈使句：1.省略主语you2.谓语动词用原形Openthedoor,please!61找出下列句子的谓语①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?⑤Didthetwinshaveeggsfortheirbreakfast?找出下列句子的谓语①Idon'tlikethepi62⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.

⑦

Heisinterestedinmusic.⑧Whomdidyougivemybookto?⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworky63按要求找出下列句子的主谓：1.Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.（主谓）2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（谓）3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselftowhatyoulike．（主谓）4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.（主谓）5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主谓）主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you按要求找出下列句子的主谓：主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you641.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinonenight.Canyouhelpme?A.finish B.finishingC.tofinish D.finished2.Johnwithtwoofhisfriends____toplaybasketballeverySundayafternoon.A.goB.wentC.goesD.gone单选：It’sadj.forsbtodosth.做某事对某人来说是……的形式主语真正的主语tofinish1.Itisdifficultforme_____653.__upearly,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets4.________upearlyisgoodforyourhealth.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets5.Wow!Thecaketastes_______!CanIhaveonemore?A.wellB.deliciouslyC.badD.good祈使句，谓语动词用原形动名词做主语感官动词+adj.3.__upearly,oryouwillmis66英语句子成分课件67宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。IlikeChina.

Hehatesyou.Howmanydoyouneed?WeneedtwoWeshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.

IenjoyworkingwithyouIhopetoseeyouagain.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。Ili68Heisafraidofher--hisheadteacher.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.介词后面的宾语：介宾注意：人称代词要用宾格Idecidedtogowith_______.A.heB.hisC.herD.theyE.sheHeisafraidofher--hisheadt69Hegavemeabookyesterday.

Givethepoormansomemoney.间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：双宾Hegavemeabookyesterday.

70IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.形式宾语真正宾语Ithinkithardtofinishthis71①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.

②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.

④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

找出下列句子的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehish725.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft..5.Someofthestudentsinthe73表语：

表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．Iamateacher.Sheishappy.Everybodyishere.Theyareathomenow.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Seeingisbelieving.表语：

表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词74

除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词:2)表转变变化的动词:3)表延续的动词feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。become,get,grow,turn,go,等remain,keep,hold,stay,rest等。

除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，feel75宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．

Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.Leavethedooropen.WefoundJohnoutwhenwearrived.Makeyourselfathome.Thebosskeepsthemworkingallday.宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还76挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?挑出下列句中的宾语补足语77状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．Hediditcarefully.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.IwasbornonJune9th1982inGuangxi.Heiswritingwithapen.状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地78定语定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语．

Theblackbikeismine.What’syourname?Abrokenvase.Ihave5books.Asleepingboy.Theymadepaperflowers.TheboyintheroomisJack.Ihavesomethingtodo.Itisaswimmingpool.定语定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短79有哪几种常见的句型结构？有哪几种常见的句型结构？80英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并81英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略82Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.

主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语‹›主+谓+宾+宾补Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.主+83Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.

Practice‹›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补Nobodywent.Practice‹›主84基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：Wecome.基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词85Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）1.Tomgetsup.2.Whathappened?3.Itdoesnotmatter.4.They

talked.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）1.Tomgetsup.86基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个87系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等，表情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表变化。感官动词多可用作连系动词：lookwell/面色好,soundnice/听起来不错,

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