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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-三江学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Ijustmanagedto(

)aquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.

问题1选项

A.snatch

B.scratch

C.scrape

D.scan

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。snatch意为“夺去,抢走,抓紧时间做,趁机获得”;scratch意为“挠,,划破,抓破”;scrape意为“刮掉,削去,擦坏”;scan意为“细看,浏览,扫描”。

句意:在我被那艘过往的船吸到水里之前,我设法赶紧快速地吸了口气。

2.单选题

ScientistsgenerallyagreethattheEarth’sclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100years______ithaswarmedinthe20,000yearssincetheIceAge.

问题1选项

A.aslongas

B.asmuchas

C.aswellas

D.ashigheras

【答案】B

【解析】考查比较级用法。A项aslongas表示“只要,和……一样长”,B项asmuchas表示“差不多,和……一样多”,C项aswellas表示“也,和……一样”,D项ashigheras表示“和……一样高”。根据句子前后意思可知,空格处缺少一个表示比较的词语,被比较的对象是Earth’sclimatewillwarmup(地球气候将上升),所以B选项最符合。句意:科学家们普遍认为,在未来的50年到100年里,地球的气候将会变暖,与冰河时代以来的2万年里变暖的程度一样。因此,该题选择B项正确。

3.单选题

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.

B.Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.

C.Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.

D.Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.

问题2选项

A.Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.

B.Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.

C.Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.

D.Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.

问题3选项

A.Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.

B.Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.

C.Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.

D.Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.

问题4选项

A.Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.

B.Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.

C.Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.

D.Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】RecordingTwo

SwedenwasthefirstEuropeancountrytoprintandusepapermoney,[19]butitmaysoondoawaywithphysicalcurrencies.

Bankscansavealotofmoneyandavoidregulatoryheadachesbymovingtoacash-freesystem,andtheycanalsoavoidbankrobberies,theft,anddirtymoney.

ClaerBarrett,theeditorofFinancialTimesMoney,saystheWesternworldisheadedtowardaworldwithoutphysicalcurrency.

AndyHolder—thechiefeconomistatTheBankofEngland—suggestedthattheUKmovetowardsagovernment-backeddigitalcurrency.Butdoesacashlesssocietyreallymakegoodeconomicsense?

“Thefactthatcashisbeingdrawnoutofsociety,islessafeatureofoureverydaylives,andtheeaseofelectronicpayments—isthisactuallymakingusspendmoremoneywithoutrealizingit?”

[20]Barrettwantedtofindoutiftheabsenceofphysicalcurrencydoesindeedcauseapersontospendmore,soshedecidedtoconductanexperimentafewmonthsago.

Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtotrytojustusecashfortwoweekstomakeallofheressentialpurchasesandseewhatthatwoulddotoherspending.Shefoundshedidspendalotlessmoneybecauseitisincrediblyhardtopredicthowmuchcashoneisgoingtoneed—shewasforeverdrawingmoneyoutofcashpoints.Monthslater,shewasstillfindingcashstuffedinhertrouserpocketsandthepocketsofherhandbags.

[21]Duringtheexperiment,Barretttookatrainride.Ontheway,therewasanannouncementthattherestaurantcarwasnotcurrentlyacceptingcreditcards.Thetraincarswerefilledwithgroansbecausemanyofthepassengersweretravelingwithoutcash.

“Itunderlinesjusthowmuchthingshavechangedinthelastgeneration,”Barrettsays.“[22]Myparents,whentheywereyounger,usedtobudgetbyputtingmoneyintoenvelopes—they’dgetpaidandthey’dimmediatelyseparatethecashintopilesandputtheminenvelopes,sotheyknewwhattheyhadtospendweekbyweek.Itwasaveryeffectivewayforthemtokeeptrackoftheirspending.Nowadays,we’realloncreditcards,we’redoingonlinepurchases,andmoneyiskindofbecomingalessphysicalandmoreimaginarytypeofthingthatwecan’tgetourhandsaround.”

19.WhatdowelearnaboutSweden?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于瑞典我们能够了解到什么?录音开头便提及,瑞典是第一个印刷并使用纸币的欧洲国家,但是它将很快摒弃实体货币。A选项中giveuppapermoney是对原文中doawaywithphysicalcurrencies的同义替换,因此A选项“它在不久的将来可能放弃使用纸币”正确。B选项“它是世界上第一个使用信用卡的国家”;C选项“它正在努力清除非法钱财”和D选项“它正在帮助银行提高效率”均是利用录音个别字词设置干扰,录音中并没有相关信息涉及,因此不正确。

20.WhatdidClaerBarrettwanttofindoutwithherexperiment?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问ClaerBarrett想从她的实验中发现什么?录音中提及ClaerBarrett为了弄清楚是否不使用实体货币就会导致钱花得更多,她决定做一个实验。D选项“是否不使用实体货币就会导致钱花得更多”与录音原文表述相符,因此正确。A选项“不带任何实体货币旅行是否有可能”和C选项“不使用实体货币是否会影响日常生活”在录音中均没有信息提及,因此排除;B选项“一个人的花费是否能够预测”,录音中虽然提及,要预测一个人需要多少现金是非常困难的,但这并不是ClaerBarrett实验的目的,因此可排除。

21.WhatdidClaerBarrettfindonhertrainride?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问ClaerBarrett在火车上发现了什么?录音中提及,在ClaerBarrett进行实验的期间,有一次,她在搭乘火车旅行的途中遇到了列车广播通知乘客餐车不接受信用卡支付的事件。由此可知,餐车只接受现金支付。因此C选项正确。A选项“她手提包里的现金不见了”;B选项“火车上的服务不好”和D选项“火车上没有餐饮服务”在录音中均没有信息提及,因此可排除。

22.Howdidpeopleofthelastgenerationbudgettheirspending?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问上一代的人是如何预算他们的开支的?录音结尾提到ClaerBarrett回想起自己父母(即上一代人)年轻时,常常通过将现金放进信封的方式来进行预算开支。B选项是录音原文原词的复现,因此正确。A选项“通过每星期取款”;C选项“通过限制他们的日常开支”和D选项“通过拒绝赊购任何东西”在录音中均未提及,因此排除。

4.单选题

Nobodylikestaxes.

Nowthat’safairlysafestatementtomake.IknowIdon’t.OneofthereasonsImovedbacktotheUSfromCanada,isthatAmericanspayfarfewertaxesthanCanadiansdo.Infact,itseemstobepartoftheAmericandreamtoavoidpayinganytaxes.Wedon’twanttopaythemontheInternet.Manystatesdon’twanttheircitizenstopaystatetaxes.Andahugefederalincometaxcutwasjustpushedthrough.

Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.Braintreehasaproblem.NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5—thelawthatsaysthetowngovernmentcannotraiseeachyear’staxlevymorethan2.5percentabovethepreviousyear’scharges.Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.WhichmeanthatresidenttaxrateswereamongthelowestintheBostonarea.

Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.Especiallyitsschools.Whileeverybodywaspattinghimselforherselfonthebackforkeepingtaxesdown,school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.Theschooldepartmentwants$100milliontofixtheschools.Millionsmorewillbeneededforroadrepairsandfixingthetown’sworseningwaterandsewerlines.

Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear.Andprobablyforthenextfewyearsaswell.Anddon’tforget,thissituationaffectsmorethanjustthetown’sinfrastructure.Realestatepriceswillsufferaswell.Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?

Thereisalessoninallthis—notpayingenoughtaxisjustasbadaspayingtoomuchtax.TherearesomepeopleintheUSwhopointoutthatalltaxmoneyshouldbegivenbacktoindividuals,notthevariousbranchesofgovernment.It’sourmoney,theycry.Inoneway,agreewiththem,itisourmoney.Butthefacttheyconvenientlyforget—orignore—isthatthemoneythegovernmentkeepsis“our”moneyaswell.That’sbecauseitpaysforOURschools,OURroads,OURmilitary,OURcommunitiesinneedofhelpaftereventslikefloodsorotherdisasters.

1.InwhatwaymightpeopleofBraintreethinkdifferentaboutpayingtaxes?

2.WhatmakestheauthorcometotheconclusionthatpeopleinBraintreepaythelowesttaxratesintheBostonareaisthefactthat________.

3.WhatistheallegedproblemthatfacesBraintreeatpresent?

4.Whentheauthorquotesfromhismotherthat“onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong”(thefourthparagraph),hemeansthat________.

5.Withregardtopayingtaxes,theauthorisactuallysayingthat________.

问题1选项

A.Theythinkthegovernment’staxcutplanisimpracticable.

B.Theythinktheyhavebeenpayingtoomanytaxes.

C.Theythinkthetowngovernmentmisusethetaxestheyhavepaid.

D.Theythinkpayingenoughtaxesisnecessarytokeepingthingsgoing.

问题2选项

A.thetownhasneverchangeditstaxationlawinthelast20years

B.thetownhasbeenafast-developingone

C.thetownhasneverfloatedbondstopayitsdebtinthelast20years

D.manymoreschools,roadsandthelikehavebeenbuiltrecently

问题3选项

A.Nooneiswillingtopayanytaxes.

B.Notenoughattentionispaidtoeducations.

C.Thetownnothaveenoughmoneytoexpanditsinfrastructure.

D.Thetowndoesnotcollectenoughtaxestokeepitselfingoodshape.

问题4选项

A.onehastotastethebitterresultifheisblindtoaproblem

B.keepingeverythingingoodorderistooheavyaburdenforasmalltown

C.oneshouldneverkeepanelephantinhislivingroomforlong

D.smalltownshouldnotlevytooheavyataxagainstpeople’swill

问题5选项

A.payingenoughtaxesisthecitizen’sobligation

B.hedoesnotliketaxesandwouldavoidthemifhecould

C.thegovernmentshouldnotabusethetaxes

D.thegovernmentshouldnotlevytooheavyatax

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.(毫无疑问,仍然有人认为我们纳税太多。但是马萨诸塞州布伦特里人可能想法不同。)和第四段第一、二句Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.(但有一个问题。布伦特里正在分崩离析。),可知布伦特里人不认为他们纳税过多,相反因为纳税过少导致问题出现,D选项“他们认为付足够的税是维持生活的必要条件”正确;B选项“他们认为他们已经纳税太多”不符合文章内容,属于反向干扰。A选项“他们认为政府的减税计划行不通”和C选项“他们认为市政府滥用他们缴纳的税款”:文中没有提到政府减税和政府滥用税款,属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第三段倒数第三句Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.(他们也没有发行任何债券来偿还债务。),可知C选项“在过去的20年里,这个城镇从未发行过债券来偿还债务”正确。A选项“在过去的20年里,这个城镇从未改变过税法”:根据第三段第四句NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5(在过去的20年里,该镇从未通过无视2.5号提案的决议),没有提到关于纳税的所有法规都没有通过,只是关于其中一项没有改变,属于曲解原文。B选项“这个城镇发展很快”:根据第三段倒数第二句Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.(布伦特里还是一个相当繁华的商业小镇。),但这不等同于小镇发展速度很快,属于曲解原文。D选项“最近修建了更多的学校、道路和类似的东西”:根据第四段第四句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded(学校、道路、桥梁等设施的年久失修,并没有得到应有的关注),可知不符合文章内容,属于反向干扰。因此C选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第四、五句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.(学校、道路、桥梁等设施的年久失修,并没有得到应有的关注。但即使人们注意到了,也做不了什么,因为镇上没有足够的钱来支付必要的维修费用。),可知问题的根源在于没有钱,而这是因为征税不足,D选项“这个城镇没有征收足够的税来保持良好发展”正确;不修缮学校不是因为不重视教育,而是缺少资金,B选项“对教育不够重视”属于曲解原文;这里提到的不是扩大基础设施,只是对其进行维修,C选项“这个城镇没有足够的钱来扩大它的基础设施”属于曲解原文。A选项“没有人愿意交税”:根据第五段Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear…Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?(天啊,天啊,今年在布伦特里的人们要交某种税了……谁愿意搬到一个学校破败、道路糟糕、水源问题丛生的小镇?),这里暗指人们愿意交税,不符合文章内容,属于反向干扰。

因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第六、七句Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.(就像我妈妈常说的,人们只能忽视客厅里的大象这么久了。现在是时候付钱了。),客厅里的大象是非常明显的现象,指的是纳税不足导致的各种问题,而这个问题如果不解决,迟早有一天会严重到不得不解决的独步,A选项“如果一个人对问题视而不见,就会尝到苦果”正确;C选项“一个人不应该把大象长时间放在客厅里”仅仅解释了字面意思,没有解释内涵,属于偷换概念;这里表达的意思是需要增税,D选项“小镇不应该征收违背人们意愿的重税”属于反向干扰。B选项“对于一个小镇来说,保持一切井井有条负担太沉重”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。作者在第一、二段阐述不想纳税的观点,随后举出布伦特因为纳税不够而导致问题的例子,在最后一段总结征税过多和过少都会导致问题,并且强调政府的钱最后用于公民的生活,A选项“缴纳足够的税款是公民的义务”正确;D选项“不应征税过重”文中有提到,但是不是重点,属于曲解原文。B选项“他不喜欢税收,如果可能,他会尽量避免”:作者在开头提出不喜欢征税的观点是为了吸引读者注意和欲扬先抑,这不是作者想要表达的核心观点,属于反向干扰。C选项“不应滥用税收”:文中没有提到政府滥用税收,属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

Iwas()bytheirkindnessandmovedtotears.

问题1选项

A.preoccupied

B.embarrassed

C.overwhelmed

D.counseled

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。preoccupied“全神贯注的”;embarrassed“尴尬的”;overwhelmed“被压倒的,被淹没的,使非常激动”;counseled“建议,劝告”。句意:他们的好意使我感动地流下了眼泪。C项符合题意。

6.单选题

Hiltercommittedoneofthemost()crimesinhistory.

问题1选项

A.violent

B.venturous

C.vicious

D.virus

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。violent“暴力的,猛烈的”;venturous“不顾一切的,好冒险的”;vicious“恶毒的,恶意的,凶残的”;virus“病毒”。句意:Hilter犯下了历史上最暴力的行径之一。A项符合题意。

7.单选题

Abudgetoffivedollarsadayistotally______foratriproundEurope.

问题1选项

A.inadequate

B.incapable

C.incompatible

D.invalid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项inadequate“不足够的,不充分的”;B选项incapable“无能力的,不能的”;C选项incompatible“不相容的”;D选项invalid“无效的”。根据四个选项及题干的意思可知A选项符合语义。句意:一天五美元的预算完全不足以作一次欧洲之旅。

8.单选题

Mostpeoplebelievethatthestudyofanothernation,itssocietyandculture,canbenotonlyfascinatingbutalso().

问题1选项

A.beneficial

B.benefit

C.benefiting

D.beneficent

【答案】A

【解析】考查同根词辨析。A选项beneficial“有利的,有用的”;B选项benefit“使受益”;C选项benefiting“benefit的现在分词”;D选项beneficent“有裨益的,慈善的”。句意:大多数人认为,研究另一个国家,及其社会和文化,不仅是有趣的,而且是有益的。这里考查benefit的各种变体,notonly…butalso连接fascinating(极有吸引力的,迷人的)和空格,因此空格处应填入与fascinating相近且并列的词,故选A。

9.单选题

Thecompanyhascapitalized()theerrorofjudgmentmadebyitsbusinesscompetitor

问题1选项

A.in

B.over

C.with

D.on

【答案】D

【解析】句意:这个公司利用商业竞争者做的错误判断而获利。

考查固定搭配。capitalizeon充分利用某事物,从某事物中获利。

10.单选题

Thatwasaman-madedisasterthatclearly(

)ifthefederalgovernment,theFederalEmergencyManagementAgency,hadquicklymarshaledthepoliticalwillandresourcestoevacuatethosewithoutaccesstocars,insteadofpromotingonitsWebsiteafaith-basedcharitythatclearlynomatchfortheproblem.

问题1选项

A.mayhavebeenaverted

B.couldhavebeenaverted

C.mayhaveaverted

D.couldhaveaverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据选项可以判断本题考查虚拟语气,空格后为if引导的虚拟条件句。当条件句为过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟时,主句为would/could/should/might+havedone形式,排除A和C。主句的主语是disaster,与动词avert之间形成被动关系,因此B选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Thefactis,doctor.Ijustcannot()thisdreadfulcough.

问题1选项

A.getoutof

B.getridof

C.getdownto

D.getroundto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组词义辨析。A选项getoutof“逃避;避免”;B选项getridof“摆脱,除去”;C选项getdownto“开始认真考虑;着手处理”;D选项getroundto“抽出时间来做;开始考虑”。句意:事实是,医生。我就是不能……这可怕的咳嗽。根据句意,可知是不能摆脱可怕的咳嗽。因此答案为B选项。

12.单选题

Intheendthelittleboywenttoschoolwithoutsomucha________ofprotest.

问题1选项

A.whimper

B.whim

C.whirl

D.whistle

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“whimper”,意为“抽泣,吹口哨”;B选项“whim”,意为“心血来潮,突发奇想”,C选项“whirl”,意为“旋转,回转”,D选项“whistle”,意为“口哨,汽笛声”。句意:最后,小男孩去上学了,并没有多少抗议的念头。因此,B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Findingthecauseofadiseasewillprovidea(

)forresearchonacureforit.

问题1选项

A.prospect

B.incentive

C.spur

D.inducement

【答案】A

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。prospect“前途,预期”;incentive“动机,刺激”;spur“刺激,鞭策”;inducement“诱因”。句意:找出疾病的原因是为其治疗方法研究提供前景。选项A符合题意。

14.填空题

AfterI(1)theuniversityentranceexam,Iwasextremelyupset,becauseIwasalmostsureIhad(2)thetest.Tomy(3),it(

4)outthatIhadgottenthehighestscoreintheprovince!

句意:大学入学考试考完,我感到非常沮丧,因为我几乎确信自己考试没有通过。然而令我感到意外的是自己最后的实际成绩是省里的最高分。

【答案】1.finished

2.failed

3.surprise

4.tumed

【解析】1.语义题。句意为高考结束,动词finish合适,根据时态为过去式,故用finished。

2.固定搭配。failtheexam考试失败。这里用过去完成时。

3.固定搭配。toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是。

4.固定搭配。Itturnsoutthat结果是…。

15.单选题

Nobodybelieveshemadesuchafoolishmistake.Peoplesayheisvery______.

问题1选项

A.experience

B.career

C.accurate

D.actual

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项experience“经验;阅历”;B选项career“职业生涯”;C选项accurate“正确无误的;精确的”;D选项actual“实际的;(强调事情最重要的部分)真正的”。句意:没有人相信他犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。因为人们认为他非常______。根据语境,这里指的是在别人眼中,他做事不会行差踏错,C选项accurate“正确无误的;精确的”符合题意,指的是他非常可靠。因此C选项正确。

16.单选题

Tomdoesn’tthinkthatthe______situationhereisasgoodashishometown’s.

问题1选项

A.economics

B.economic

C.economy

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economics“n.经济学;国家的经济状况”;B选项economic“adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的”;C选项economy“n.经济;节约;理财”;D选项economical“经济的;节约的;合算的”。economic用以指与贸易、工业或财富等有关的“经济上的”或“有关经济学方面”的意义,一般用作定语;economical则指与“节约”同义的“经济”,相当于notwasteful,既可指人也可指物,既可作表语也可作定语。句意:汤姆认为这里的经济状况不如家乡。因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe(

)toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

问题1选项

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本来会完成自己的大学教育,但是他却不得不放弃,然后找一份工作来养家。

语法题考查一般过去吋态。由句中关键词“wouldhavefinished本来会完成”表示对过去事情的假设,因此这里表示对过去情况的描述,故C项“had(其为动词have的过去时态)”正确。

18.单选题

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor()acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

问题1选项

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。blatant“喧嚣的,炫耀的”;surreptitious“秘密的”;suspicious“可疑的”;conspicuous“显而易见的”。句意:毫无疑问,不诚实或秘密获取的信息通常是压倒性的证据,表明这种信息是机密的,不属于辩护人员技能和知识的一部分。选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Asaresult,themissionoftheschool,alongwihthecultureoftheclassroom,().

问题1选项

A.wasslowlytochange

B.areslowlychanged

C.isslowlychanging

D.haveslowlychanged

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法知识。对比选项可知该题考查主谓一致的问题。插入部分的alongwith后的附加成分不影响谓语的数,因此谓语为单数形式。该句没有时间词表示过去,C选项符合题意。

20.单选题

1.Flattery,RichardStengelwritesbywayofdefininghisterms,“isstrategicpraise,praisewithapurpose.Itmaybeinflatedorexaggeratedoritmaybeaccurateandtruthful,butitispraisethatseekssomeresult,whetheritbeincreasedlikingoranofficewithawindowFlatteryisalsoakindofbribe,anemotionalgratuitythatweacceptandwhichveryoftenrepaysthegiverwithsomethinghewants.ItisabribewewanttopocketFlatteryatitscoreislanguagethatadvancesself-interestwhileconcealingitatthesametime.”

2.Allofwhichisperfectlytrue,butitneedstobequalified(asintimeStengeldoes)inoneimportantway:Flatteryisalmostalwaysrecognizableforexactlywhatitis.Ifitistrue,asprobablyitis,thatmostofusaresusceptibletoflatteryandwillingtoemployitinourowninterests,itisequallytruethatflatteryisinfrequentlysubtleandoftenblatant.Inmylineofwork,forexample,whenIseeinapublisher’scataloguethatawriterwithwhomIamacquaintedhasanewbookforthcoming,Icanpredictalmosttothedaytheletterorcallfromsaidauthorinwhich,inonefashionoranother,myownperspicacityandstylisticelegancewillbepraisedfulsomely,accompanied,perhaps,byaninvitationtolunch.Similarly,aletterore-mailfromsomeonewhollyunknowntomewillbeginwithpraiseformylatestbookrevieworcolumn,followed,apace,withthenewsthatthewriteroftheletter―orarelative,orafriend,oracolleague―isabouttocomeforthwith...abook.

3.Itisthewayoftheworld.Thoughinmycaseflatteryinfrequentlyproducesthedesiredresults——quitetothecontrary,ifthetruthbeknown——Icannotclaimthatthesilkenwordswhisperedinmyeargounheeded.StengelquotesLordChesterfield:“Thisprincipleofvanityandprideissostronginhumannature,thatisdescendseventothelowestobjects;andoneoftenseespeopleanglingforpraise.”Thoughwewouldpreferpraisethatisofferedwithoutulteriormotives,thatisheartfeltandgenerous,wereadilysettleformereflattery;wemaynotdeliverthequidproquosotransparentlysoughtbeneaththeoleaginouswords—wemayevenholdtheflattererincontempt—yetwearenotimpervioustothestrokingheorsheadministers;indeedwemayluxuriateinitevenaswepretendtoridiculeit.

4.“Todescribesomeoneasasocialclimberoraself-promoterisgenerallynotconsideredacompliment.Thosetwolabelsseemlikeparticularlymodernputdowns(andinthecultureofcelebritytheyhavebecomefull-timeoccupations).ButIwouldmakethecasethattheyaresimplyneutraltermsforfundamentalhumanbehavior,Infact,I’dcontendthatbasedontheprinciplesofevolutionarybiology,social-climbingandself-promotion.Theyareinourgenes.”

5.Flattery,hequitecorrectlysays,“isaformofcooperation,andcooperationisthesuccessfulevolutionaryprincipleofreciprocalaltruism.”AsSamRayburnusedtosay,duringhislongandproductivetenureasspeakeroftheHouseofRepresentatives,“Ifyouwanttogetalong,goalong.”Tobesureflatteryisroutinelycarriedtoobscenelengthsinthiscity,whichasStengelcorrectlypointsout“isinsomewaysclosertothecourtsofRenaissanceEuropethanitistoourmodernera,”yetitisthegreasethatoilsthewheelsofpoliticsandoftenenablesthegovernmentanditssatellitestoaccomplishworthwhilethings.ThespectaclethatmembersoftheSenatepresentwhentheyfawnovereachotheras“honorable”and“distinguished”ishardlyaprettyone,yetitisnotwithoutpurpose.

6.InAmericanlife,flatteringinfluentialindividualsisanessentialpartofthemachineryofsocietyandbusiness.InaperceptivechaptercalledHowDaleCarnegieWonFriendsandInfluencedPeople,Stengelshowshow“thesimplestdevicesofpayingattention,offeringappreciationandthegivingofsmallflatteries”havebecomesoengrainedthatitishardtoimaginefunctioningwithoutthem.Therulesofflattery—oritshandmaiden,ingratiation—areclear:“avoidcomplimentingthetarget...inawaythatmakesitclearyouwantareward;makesurethecomplimentisplausible;praiseanattributeaboutwhichthetargetisuncertain;anddon’tleavetheimpressionthatyouareapromiscuouspraise.”Doallofthatandyoutoocansucceedinbusiness—oranythingelse—withoutreallytrying?

7.Allofwhichshould,makeclear—especiallytoyou,gentleandquick-wittedreader—thatStengelhaswrittennotmerelyapopularhistoryofflatterybutalsoaguidetoitsemployment.Hedoesthelatterwithtongueslightlyincheek—attimestothepointthathisprosebecomesexcessivelychattyandbreezy—yetthetruthisthathiscounsel,andthatofthemanyotherswhomhequotes,probablycanbeusedtogoodpurpose.Ifyoumustflatter-andtherearetimeswhenflatteryisclearlythewisestcourse—thenbyallmeansdoitwell.

1.whenflatteryisclearlythewisestcourse—thenbyallmeansdoitwell.

2.AccordingtoRichardStengel,allofthefollowingaretrueofflatteryEXCEPT(

).

3.Inthesecondparagraph,thewritermakesthepointthat

).

4.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphisthat

).

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecourtsofRenaissanceEurope(Para.5)?Thewriter'sattitudetowardRichardStengel'sviewsregardingflatterycanbestbedescribedas(

).

问题1选项

A.itcanstretchthetruth

B.ithasapurpose

C.itisanunsuccessfulbribe

D.itcanbeexpressedsubtly

问题2选项

A.flatterersoftenachievetheirobjectives

B.flatteryisoftenblatant

C.thewriterisoftenflattered

D.weareoftentemptedbyflattery

问题3选项

A.flatteryseldomproducesthedesiredresults

B.humansarevainandproud

C.it'sonlyhumantoenjoyflattery

D.wefindflatteryobjectionable

问题4选项

A.Theywereverysimilartoourmodernera.

B.Theybannedflattery.

C.Theyencouragedflattery.

D.Theywerenotpopularwiththegeneralrepublic.

问题5选项

A.neutral

B.favorable

C.doubtful

D.critical

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Flatteryisalsoakindofbribe,anemotionalgratuitythatweacceptandwhichveryoftenrepaysthegiverwithsomethinghewants.(阿谀奉承也是一种贿赂,一种我们可以接受的情感馈赠,常常会用回报给赠予者他想要的东西)可知阿谀奉承是一种成功的贿赂,因此选C。

2.推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Flatteryisalmostalwaysrecognizableforexactlywhatitis...itisequallytruethatflatteryisinfrequentlysubtleandoftenblatant.(阿谀奉承几乎总是可以确切地认出它是什么……同样的事实是,奉承不那么微妙,常常是明目张胆的)可知选B。A选项为第一段的内容;C选项只是作者用自己的经历举例说明,阿谀奉承很显而易见;D选项在第二段中没有出现,因此选B。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的Itisthewayoftheworld...indeedwemayluxuriateinitevenaswepretendtoridiculeit.(阿谀奉承是人之常情……事实上,即使我们假装嘲笑它,我们也可以尽情享受它)可知C选项“喜欢听阿谀奉承的话是人类的天性”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的Tobesureflatteryisroutinelycarriedtoobscenelengthsinthiscity,whichasStengelcorrectlypointsout“isinsomewaysclosertothecourtsofRenaissanceEuropethanitistoourmodernera”(阿谀奉承在这座城市里到处都有,正如Stengel正确的指出“在某些方面更接近文艺复兴时期的欧洲,而不是我们的现代时代”)可推测阿谀奉承在文艺复兴时期的欧洲宫廷也十分流行,因此选C。

5.观点态度题。由文章第二段中的Allofwhichisperfectlytrue(所有这些都是完全正确的)和第五段中的Flattery,hequitecorrectlysays(阿谀奉承,他说得很对)与whichasStengelcorrectlypointsout(正如Stengel正确的指出)可知作者对RichardStengel的观点都是用的正面肯定的词,故可知作者是赞成RichardStengel的观点的,因此选B。

21.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Heistheheadofthehospital.

B.HeisinchargeofPediatrics.

C.HewentoutlookingforDan.

D.HewenttoMichiganonbusiness.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Hello,thisisDonNorthfromPediatrics.I’dlikeawordwithDoctorWilsonifit’spossible.

W:I’msorry,butheleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning.Hewasinfactlookingforyoujustbeforeheleft.

Q:WhatistrueaboutDoctorWilson?

【解析】细节题。对话中说到:heleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning,即DoctorWilson今早前往密歇根参加会议。

22.单选题

Astheydon’tyethaveaproventrackrecord,theircolleagueswillbe()toentrustthemwithimportantprojects.

问题1选项

A.reluctant

B.redundant

C.relevant

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】句意:由于他们没有过去工作表现的记录,所以其他同事不愿意将重要的项目交给他们。

考查形容词辨析。Reluctant不情愿的,勉强的;redundant多余的,失业的,冗长的;relevant相关的,切题的;resistant反抗的,顽固的。因此A符合句意。

23.单选题

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis(

)mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

问题1选项

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。Unruffled意为“平静的,镇定的,沉着的”;brutal意为“野蛮的”;suspicious意为“可疑的,不信任的”;tender意为“和善的,温柔的”。

句意:汤姆•兰德里是国际足球联盟历史上最成功的足球教练之一,他以沉着冷静和激烈竞争而闻名。

24.单选题

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto(

)hisauthority.

问题1选项

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert维护,主张,声称;forge伪造,锻造;undermine破坏,削弱;remain保持,留下。句意:总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。

25.单选题

Microfinanceisananti-povertytool.Ifyoumakesmallloanstogroupsofpoorwomen,theyalwaysrepaythemontime.Microfinancehasgrownrapidlyinmanycountries.Yettheindustryhascomeunderattackforbeingtoocommercial.

InBangladeshthegovernmenthascappedtheannualinterestratethatmicrofinanceinstitutions(MFIs)canchargeat27%.InAndhraPradesh(AP),theIndianstatewiththemostmicrofinanceborrowers,localpoliticianshavebulliedthebusinesstoavirtualhalt.Thesestepsareostensiblymotivatedbyadesiretodefendthepoorfromgettingstuckinadebt.Buttheyarewrong-headed.

Despitechargingseeminglyhighinterestrates,MFIstypicallyhavethinmarginsbecauseofthehighcostsofmakingandcollectingpaymentsonmillionsoftinyloans.Pressingthemtoreduceratesfurtherwouldjeopardizetheirabilitytoattractprivatecapital,inhibitin

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