考研考博-英语-上海城建职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海城建职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theyarenolongeronspeakingtermsbecauseshe（）hisconfidence.

问题1选项

A.exposed

B.destroyed

C.proved

D.betrayed

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。expose“揭露，曝光”;destroy“毁灭，破坏”;prove“证明，检验，显示”;betray“背叛，出卖”。句意：他们不再和睦相处了，因为她背叛了他的信任。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Weshouldmakeaclear（）betweenthetwoscientifictermsforthepurposeofourdiscussion.

问题1选项

A.separation

B.discrimination

C.deviation

D.distinction

【答案】D

【解析】句意:为了讨论，我们应该把这两个科学术语明确区分开来。

考查名词辨析。separation分离；距离;［法］分居；discrimination歧视；辨别；deviation偏差；误差；背离；distinction区分；差别。由关键词“betweenthetwoscientificterms在这两个科学术语之间”可知D项符合句意，且能和介词between进行搭配。

3.单选题

Thecustomerexpressedher（

）forthatbroadhat.

问题1选项

A.disapproval

B.distaste

C.dissatisfaction

D.dismay

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意:这位顾客表示她不喜欢那顶宽顶帽。

disapproval后与of搭配，表示不赞成、不同意；distaste后与for搭配，表示不喜欢、厌恶；dissatisfaction后与with搭配，表示不满；dismay沮丧。

4.单选题

Theindustryhaspumped（）amountsofmoneyintopoliticalcampaigns，makingitlessandlesslikelythatpoliticianswilldealwiththeissuesensibly.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.substantial

C.massive

D.traditional

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。potential潜在的，有潜力的；substantial大量的；客观的；massive大而重的，大块的；traditional传统的。此处substantial形容amountsofmoney（很大一笔钱）。

5.单选题

Withtechnologicalchanges,manytraditionalskillshavebecome（

）.

问题1选项

A.isolated

B.absolute

C.obsolete

D.obsessive

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项isolated“孤立的；孤独的；单独的”；B选项absolute“完全的；绝对的”；C选项obsolete“淘汰的，过时的”；D选项obsessive“痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的”。填入形容词做表语，说明traditionalskills“传统技艺”，由关键信息technologicalchanges可知obsolete“淘汰的，过时的”符合题意，句意为：随着技术的进步，许多传统技艺已经过时了。故答案选C。

6.单选题

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalfhournap（

）me.

问题1选项

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。revive使恢复体力（或精力、活力等）；release释放，发布；relieve缓解，减轻；recover恢复健康。句意：我下班回家的时候非常累，但睡了半小时后我又有精神了。由but可知前后句为转折关系，前半句提到“非常疲劳”，后半句句意应与之相反，再从“ahalfhournap”可推知睡半小时后恢复了体力。故A项正确。答案A

7.翻译题

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscientistsbuttheirformandfunction,theirstructuresandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventorsandengineersusingnonscientificmodesofthought.

TillieOlsen'sfictionandessayshavebeenwidelyandrightlyacknowledgedasmajorcontributionstoAmericanliterature,andherworkhasbeenparticularlyvaluedbycontemporaryfeminists.

Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.

Doctorsaremenwhoprescribemedicinesofwhichtheyknewlittle,tocurediseasesofwhichtheyknewless,inhumanbeingsofwhomtheyknewnothing.

Thiswasthedilemmaoftherottenrulingclasswhoseideologyhadbeendiscreditedandwhosepowerrestedonliesandbruteforce.

BeingbornfemaleandblackweretwohandicapsGwendolynBrooksstatesthatshefacedfromherbirth,in1917,inKansas.

Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.

Wemustcheektheconclusioninpractice,andshouldnotblindlyrelyonsuchaswasreachedmerelybycalculation.

Shewaswaitingforus,herfiguredefinedbythelightfromthehalf-openeddoor.

Americanswhowouldbepatriotsmusttrytolearnwhatitisthattheyhaveincommon,whatitisinthepublicthatisworthcherishingandpreserving;untiltheyknowthat,theirpatriotismwillhavenomorecontentthanabright,loudafternoonparade.

【答案】许多日常使用中的物品显然受到了科学家的影响，但它们的形状、功能、结构和外观是由技术人员、工艺人员、设计师、发明者和工程师根据非科学的思维方式决定的。

TillieOlsen的小说和散文被公认为对美国文学做出了重要贡献，她的作品尤其受到当代女性主义者的重视。

该性别比例将有利于使个体后代的数量最大化，并因此使所传递的基因复数数量最大化。

医生是指这样的一种人，他们给完全不了解的病人开自己一无所知的药物，治疗自己一窍不通的疾病。

这就是腐朽的统治阶级的进退两难的处境，他们的意识形态被抹黑了，他们的权力依赖于谎言和野蛮的力量。

1917年，GwendolynBrooks出生于堪萨斯州，她认为自出生起就面临着两大困难——既是女性，又是黑人。

当他瞥见一个潜在的对手时，他的本能就是用魅力和幽默来说服他。

我们必须在实践中认真对待这个结论，而不应盲目地依赖那些仅仅是通过算计而达到的结果。

她正在等我们，半开的门里透出光亮，显出她的身形。

想要成为爱国者的美国人必须努力了解他们有什么共同之处，公众中有什么是值得珍惜和保护的东西；在知道这些之前，他们的爱国情怀无非是一场自我炫耀的下午游行而已。

8.单选题

Thedebateovertheenvironmentalcrisisisnotnew:anxietyaboutindustry’simpactontheenvironmenthasexistedforoveracentury.Whatisnewistheextremepolarizationofviews.Mountingevidenceofhumanity’scapacitytodamagetheenvironmentirreversiblycoupledwithsuspicionsthatgovernment,industry,andevensciencemightbeimpotenttopreventenvironmentaldestructionhaveprovokedaccusatorypolemicsonthepartofenvironmentalists.Inturn,thesepolemicshaveelicitedacorrespondingbacklashfromindustry.Thesadeffectofthispolarizationisthatitisnowevenmoredifficultforindustrythanitwasahundredyearsagotorespondappropriatelytoimpactanalysesthatdemandaction.

Unliketoday’sadversaries,earlierecologicalreformerssharedwithadvocatesofindustrialgrowthaconfidenceintimelycorrectiveaction.GeorgeP.Marsh’spioneeringconservationtractManandNature(1864)elicitedwideacclaimwithoutembittereddenials.ManandNaturecastigatedEarth’sdespoilersforheedlessgreed,declaringthathumanity“hasbroughtthefaceoftheEarthtodesolationalmostascompleteasthatoftheMoon.”ButnoentrepreneurorindustrialistsoughttorefuteMarsh’saccusationstodefendtheguttingofforestsortheslaughterofwildlifeaseconomicallyessentialortodismisshisecologicalwarningsashysterical.Tothecontrary,theygenerallyagreedwithhim.

Why?Marshandhisfollowerstookenvironmentalimprovementandeconomicprogressasgivens;theydisputednotthedesirabilityofconqueringnaturebutthebunglingwayinwhichtheconquestwascarriedout.Blamewasnotpersonalized.Marshdenouncedgeneralgreedratherthanparticularentrepreneurs,andthemediadidnothoundmalefactors.Further,correctivemeasuresseemedtoentailnosacrificetodemandnodraconianremedies.Self-interestunderwrotemostprescribedreforms.Marsh’semphasisonfuturestewardshipwasthenawidelyacceptedideal(ifnotpractice).HisecologicaladmonitionswereinkeepingwiththeEnlightenmentpremisethathumanity’smissionwastosubdueandtransformnature.

Notuntilthe1960sdidagloomierperspectivegainpopularground.FredericClements’equilibriummodelofecologydevelopedinthe1930sseemedconsistentwithmountingenvironmentaldisasters.Inthisview,naturewasmostfruitfulwhenleastaltered.Leftundisturbed,floraandfaunagraduallyattainedmaximumdiversityandstability.Despoliationthwartedtheculminationorshortenedthedurationofthisbeneficentclimax:technologydidnotimprovenaturebutdestroyedit.

Theequilibriummodelbecameanecologicalmystique:environmentalinterferencewasnowtaboo,wildernessadored.Natureasunfinishedfabricperfectedbyhumaningenuitygavewaytotheimagenaturedebasedandendangeredbytechnology.IncontrasttotheEnlightenmentvisionofnature,accordingtowhichrationalmanagersconstructanevermoreimprovedenvironment,twentieth-centuryreformers’visionofnaturecallsforareductionofhumaninterferenceinordertorestoreenvironmentalstability.

61.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelystatesthemainideaofthepassage?

62.Theauthorreferstotheequilibriummodelofecologyasan“ecologicalmystique”(line1,lastparagraph)mostlikelyinordertodowhichoneofthefollowing?

63.WhichoneofthefollowingpracticesismostclearlyanapplicationofFredericClements’equilibriummodelofecology?

64.ThepassagesuggeststheGeorgeP.Marshandtoday’secologicalreformerswouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichoneofthefollowingstatements?

65.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithwhichoneofthefollowing?

问题1选项

A.Mountingevidenceofhumanity’scapacitytodamagetheenvironmentshouldmotivateactiontopreventfurtherdamage.

B.TheecologicalmystiqueidentifiedwithFredericClementshasbecomeareligiousconvictionamongecologicalreformers.

C.Theviewsofecologistsandindustrialgrowthadvocatesconcerningtheenvironmenthaveonlyrecentlybecomepolarized.

D.GeorgeP.Marsh’sideasaboutconservationandstewardshiphaveheavilyinfluencedthepresentdebateovertheenvironment.

问题2选项

A.Expressappreciationforhowplantsandanimalsattainmaximumdiversityandstabilitywhenleftalone.

B.Pointoutthattheequilibriummodelofecologyhasrecentlybeensupportedbyempiricalscientificresearch.

C.Underscorethefervorwithwhichtwentieth-centuryreformersadheretotheequilibriummodel.

D.Indicatethattheideasoftwentieth-centuryecologicalreformersareoftensotheoreticalastobedifficulttounderstand.

问题3选项

A.Introducingaspeciesintoanenvironmenttowhichitisnotnativetohelpcontrolthespreadofanotherspeciesthatnolongerhasanynaturalpredators.

B.Settingareasoflandasidetobemaintainedaswildernessfromwhichtheuseorextractionofnaturalresourcesisprohibited.

C.Usingscientificmethodstoincreasesthestabilityofplantsandanimalsinareaswherespeciesareindangerofbecomingextinct.

D.Developingincentivesforindustriestotakecorrectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.

问题4选项

A.Regulatingindustriesinordertoprotecttheenvironmentdoesnotconflictwiththeself-interestofthoseindustries.

B.Solvingtheenvironmentalcrisisdoesnotrequiredrasticandcostlyremedies.

C.Environmentalimprovementandeconomicprogressareequallyimportantgoals.

D.HumandespoliationoftheEarthhascausedwidespreadenvironmentaldamage.

问题5选项

A.Outliningthebackgroundanddevelopmentofconflictingviewpointsinacurrentdebate.

B.Explaininghowconflictingviewpointsinacurrentdebateareequallyvalid.

C.Determiningwhichoftwoconflictingviewpointsinacurrentdebateismorepersuasive.

D.Providingexamplesofpossiblesolutionstoacurrentcrisis.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】61.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干的意思是“下列哪个选项最准确地陈述了文章的主要思想？”。文章第一段中指出Whatisnewistheextremepolarizationofviews.Mountingevidenceofhumanity’scapacitytodamagetheenvironmentirreversiblycoupledwithsuspicionsthatgovernment,industry,andevensciencemightbeimpotenttopreventenvironmentaldestructionhaveprovokedaccusatorypolemicsonthepartofenvironmentalists.（新出现的是观点的极端两极分化；越来越多的证据表明人类有能力不可逆转地破坏环境，再加上人们怀疑政府、工业甚至科学在防止环境破坏方面可能无能为力，这引起了环保主义者的指责性辩论），由此可知A项“越来越多的证据表明人类有能力破坏环境，应促使采取行动防止进一步的破坏”正确。B项“弗雷德里克•克莱门茨(FredericClements)所推崇的生态神秘感，已成为生态改革者的一种宗教信仰”，最后一段第一句提到Theequilibriummodelbecameanecologicalmystique:environmentalinterferencewasnowtaboo,wildernessadored.（生态平衡模式变成了一种生态的神秘性：环境干扰现在是荒野崇拜的禁忌），由此可知不是一种宗教信仰，B项错误；C项“生态学家和工业发展提倡者在环境问题上的观点只在最近才变得两极化”，only（只有）一词用的不恰当，C项错误；D项“GeorgeP.Marsh关于环境保护和管理的观点严重影响了目前关于环境的辩论”这只是一个例子，并不是通篇文章的主要意思，D项不选。因此该题选A。

62.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“作者将生态学的平衡模型称为’生态的奥秘’(最后一段第一行)最有可能是为了做以下哪一种？”。根据题干定位到文章最后一段environmentalinterferencewasnowtaboo,wildernessadored.Natureasunfinishedfabricperfectedbyhumaningenuitygavewaytotheimagenaturedebasedandendangeredbytechnology.IncontrasttotheEnlightenmentvisionofnature,accordingtowhichrationalmanagersconstructanevermoreimprovedenvironment,twentieth-centuryreformers’visionofnaturecallsforareductionofhumaninterferenceinordertorestoreenvironmentalstability.（环境干扰现在是荒野崇拜的禁忌；自然就像一件未完工的织物，由人类的聪明才智加以完善，已经被技术所贬低和危及的自然形象所替代；启蒙运动的自然观认为，理性的管理者构建了一个更加美好的环境；与之相反，20世纪改革者的自然观要求减少人类的干预，以恢复环境的稳定。），由此可知，作者在这里指出有些改革太过于理论化而很难理解，所以D项“表明20世纪生态改革者的思想往往理论性太强，难以理解”正确。A项“对动植物在不受干扰的情况下如何获得最大程度的多样性和稳定性表示赞赏”，根据第四段最后一句Despoliationthwartedtheculminationorshortenedthedurationofthisbeneficentclimaxtechnologydidnotimprovenaturebutdestroyedit.（掠夺阻碍了这一高潮或缩短了这一有益的高潮的持续时间；技术并没有改善自然，而是破坏了它）可知，作者是对这一掠夺表示反对，对自然表示惋惜，A项内容理解错误；B项“指出生态学的平衡模型最近得到了实证科学研究的支持”，文中没有提到；C项“强调20世纪改革者对均衡模型的狂热”，文中内容没有提到改革者对均衡模型的狂热，C项不选。因此该题选D。

63.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“以下哪一个实践是弗雷德里克•克莱门茨的生态平衡模型最明显地的应用？”。文章第四段中指出Inthisview,naturewasmostfruitfulwhenleastaltered.Leftundisturbed,floraandfaunagraduallyattainedmaximumdiversityandstability.Despoliationthwartedtheculminationorshortenedthedurationofthisbeneficentclimax:technologydidnotimprovenaturebutdestroyedit.（从这个观点来看，大自然最少改变的时候是最富有成效的；未受干扰的动植物群落逐渐获得了最大的多样性和稳定性；掠夺阻碍了这一高潮或缩短了这一有益的高潮的持续时间：技术并没有改善自然，而是破坏了它。），由此可以推断B项“把一些土地划出来作为荒野加以维护，禁止使用或开采自然资源”是这一生态平衡模型的应用；A项“将一个物种引入非本地物种的环境，以帮助控制另一个不再有天敌的物种的传播”，将物种引入其他环境算是对自然的一种干扰，和生态平衡模型内容不符合；C项“在物种濒临灭绝的地区，用科学的方法来增加动植物的稳定性”和D项“制定企业激励，采取纠正措施保护环境”也是人为的干扰，都不符合这一平衡模型的内容。因此该题选B。

64.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“文章表明，GeorgeP.Marsh和今天的生态改革者最有可能同意下列哪一种说法？”。根据第二段最后两句话ButnoentrepreneurorindustrialistsoughttorefuteMarsh’saccusationstodefendtheguttingofforestsortheslaughterofwildlifeaseconomicallyessentialortodismisshisecologicalwarningsashysterical.（但没有企业家或实业家试图反驳马什的指控，他认为砍伐森林或屠杀野生动物在经济上是必要的，也没有人认为他的生态警告是歇斯底里的）可知A项“为了保护环境而规范工业与这些工业的自身利益并不冲突”有提到；根据文章第三段第四句Further,correctivemeasuresseemedtoentailnosacrificetodemandnodraconianremedies.（此外，纠正措施似乎不需要牺牲，不需要严厉的补救措施）可知B项“解决环境危机不需要激烈和昂贵的补救措施”有提到；根据文章第三段第一句Marshandhisfollowerstookenvironmentalimprovementandeconomicprogressasgivens（马什和他的追随者把环境改善和经济发展视为既定事实）可知C项“环境改善和经济发展是同样重要的目标”也有提到；D项“人类对地球的掠夺造成了广泛的环境破坏”，根据文章第二段第三句ManandNaturecastigatedEarthsdespoilersforheedlessgreed,declaringthathumanity“hasbroughtthefaceoftheEarthtodesolationalmostascompleteasthatoftheMoon.”（《人与自然》谴责了地球的掠夺者，因为他们肆无忌惮的贪婪，宣称人类“已经使地球表面像月球表面一样遭到了彻底的毁灭）和文章末段最后一句twentieth-centuryreformers’visionofnaturecallsforareductionofhumaninterferenceinordertorestoreenvironmentalstability.（20世纪改革者的自然观要求减少人类的干预，以恢复环境的稳定）可推断，Marsh和今天的生态改革者都同意人类的掠夺对自然造成破坏，所以D项符合，A、B、C选项都是Marsh那个时期的观点，并不是当今生态改革者的观点，所以A、B、C选项都不正确。因此该题选D。

65.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干的意思是“这篇文章主要是关于下列哪一个？”。作者首段提到Thedebateovertheenvironmentalcrisisisnotnew:Anxietyaboutindustry’simpactontheenvironmenthasexistedforoveracentury.Whatisnewistheextremepolarizationofviews.（关于环境危机的争论并不新鲜：对工业对环境影响的担忧已经存在了一个多世纪。新出现的是观点的极端两极分化。），由此可知，文章开篇提到当今面对环境的争论出现了两极化，然后下文通过很多的例子说明，一种过于理论化的论述是不合乎逻辑的，C项“确定当前辩论中两个相互冲突的观点中哪一个更有说服力”符合题意。A项“概述当前辩论中相互冲突的观点的背景和发展”，概述背景和发展的目的是为了讨论出两个观点哪一个更有说服力，所以A项是一个论述过程，因此不选；B项“解释当前辩论中相互冲突的观点如何同样有效”也是讨论的一个过程，不是文章的主要讨论目的，B项不选；D项“为当前危机提供可能的解决方案”，文章并没有给出合适的解决方案，D项错误。因此该题选C。

9.单选题

Itwasthebiggestscientificgrudgematchsincethespacerace.TheGenomeWarshadeverythingtwogroupswithappealing-leadersreadytofightinascientificdeadheatpushingthelimitsoftechnologyandrhetoricastheybattledtobecomethefirsttoreadeverylastoneofthe3billionDNA“letters”inthehumanbody.Thescientificimportanceoftheworkisunquestionable.

ThecompletedDNAsequenceisexpectedtogivescientistsunprecedentedinsightsintotheworkingsofthehumanbody,revolutionizingmedicineandbiology.Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab.

Nowtheraceisover.Afteryearsofpublicattacksandseveralfailedattemptsatreconciliation,thetwosidesaretakingasteptowardaperiodofcalm.HGPheadFrancisCollins(andAriPatrinosoftheDepartmentofEnergy,animportantallyonthegovernmentside)andCraigVenter,thefounderofCelera,agreedtoholdajointpressconferenceinWashingtonthisMondaytodeclarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing).

Nooneisexactlysurehowthingswillbedifferentnow.Neithersidewillbeturningoffitssequencingmachinesanytimesoon—the"finishlines”eachhascrossedarelargelyarbitrarypoints,"firstdrafts"ratherthanthedefinitiveversion.Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration.

Theconflictblewup,thisFebruarywhenBritain'sWelcomeTrustanHGPparticipantreleasedaconfidentiallettertoCeteraoutliningtheHGP'scomplaints.Ventercalledthemove“alowlifethingtodo.”Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw.“Theattacksandnastinessarebadforscienceandourinvestors,"VentertoldNewsweekinMarch,“andfightingbackisprobablynothelpful."Atacancermeetingearlierthismonth,VenterandCollinspraisedeachother’sapproaches,andexpressedhopethatallofthescientistsinvolvedinsequencingthehumangenomewouldbeabletosharethecredit.Bylatelastweek,thathopewasbecomingarealityasdetailsforMonday'sjointannouncementwerehammeredout.Scientistsinbothcampswelcomedanendtothehostilities."Ifthisendsthehorserace,sciencewins."Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata.

1.TherecentGenomeWarsweresymbolicof（

）.

2.Thetone-oftheauthorinreportingthejointpressconferencethisMondayis

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat

（

）.

4.Theword"thaw"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thecriticalissuefacingthescientistsisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.theenthusiasminscientificresearch

B.thesignificanceofthespacerace

C.thepublicversusprivateconflict

D.theprospectofthecompletionofDNAsequence

问题2选项

A.astonished

B.enthusiastic

C.disappointed"

D.objective

问题3选项

A.the"finishlines"referstocompletionofDNAresearch.

B.formerGenomeWarriorswillneverfightagain.

C.theformerwarriorsarenowcollaborators

D.bothsideswillstillworkonindependently

问题4选项

A.aggravationoftension

B.improvementinrelation

C.intensificationinattacks

D.endingofcoordination

问题5选项

A.applythenewly-foundknowledgetothebenefitofmankind

B.endtheirhorseraceforthesuccessofscience

C.getdowntotheirgenomeresearch

D.settheirdifferencesaside

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第一段最后一句Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab可知选项C符合题意。

2.文章第二段最后对周一记者招待会进行了报道。根据…declarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing)可知作者对该会议的报道客观，引用会议双方的申明。所以选项D符合题意。

3.文章倒数第二段提到尽管共同宣言使得以前的基因勇士们比几年前更加亲密，内部人员未来达成的共识可能更多采取协调的形式，而不是直接的合作（Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration）。选项D“双方会继续独立工作”与这个说法切合，因此符合题意。

4.文章倒数第一段一开始提到战争爆发（blewup），第三句Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw，“but”转折指出第一次有“thaw”的迹象，接着又提到赛来拉公司创始人认为对抗不好，可以推断出双方关系得到改善，thaw有“解冻”的意思，选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后一句提到把矛盾抛诸脑后，或者至少应该放在一边，科学家们应该能够好好研究这个有趣的问题了，即怎么利用这些数据（Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata）。选项A符合题意。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.

Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek'ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworrytriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】一个人，为了活的真正开心和踏实，至少要培养两到三项兴趣。而且必须是真正的兴趣。到了晚年才说:“我对这感兴趣，对那也感兴趣”，已经没有什么必要了。这种愿望只能加剧精神紧张。一个人也许在其非工作领域也同样是学富五车，但是，也很难从中得到什么益处或慰藉。

做你喜欢的事一般没有什么用;要学会热爱自己的职业。泛泛讲来，人可以划分为三类:劳累至死的人;忧虑至死的人;厌烦至死的人。让一个体力劳动者在周末下午踢足球或打棒球来放松是毫无意义的，因为一周的辛劳已经令他们精疲力竭了。让那些为大事持续操劳或费心了六天的政界人士、专业人员或商界人士，在周日，继续为鸡毛蒜皮的小事劳神，这也同样也是于事无补的。

11.单选题

Allthingsintheuniverseareinterrelatedand（）witheachother.

问题1选项

A.intervene

B.interfere

C.interrupt

D.interact

【答案】D

【解析】intervene干涉，插入；interfere妨碍，打扰；interrupt闯入，打断；interact相互影响，相互作用。根据句意可知，这里指世界上所有的事物都是相互联系，相互影响的。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

In1911,theforcesofSunYat-senestablishedtheChineseRepublic,andPuYi,thelastemperoroftheQingDynasty,wasforcedto______.

问题1选项

A.accredit

B.abdicate

C.toss

D.accede

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.accredit认为；委任B.abdicate退位；失（职）

C.toss（轻轻或漫不经心地）扔，抛D.accede同意（请求、建议等）；就任

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格前的wasforcedto可知，beforcedtodosth.是固定搭配，表示“被迫做某事”，空格处应该填入一个动词，由关键信息theforcesofSunYat-senestablishedtheChineseRepublic（孙中山的军队建立了中华民国）和thelastemperoroftheQingDynasty（清朝末代皇帝），结合历史常识可知，空格处表示“退位”符合句意，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】1911年，孙中山的军队建立了中华民国，清朝末代皇帝溥仪被迫退位。

13.单选题

Wedonothavea（）schoolinourinstitute.ThehighestdegreeweprovideforthestudentsisaB.A.andaB.S..

问题1选项

A.continue

B.bay

C.assistance

D.graduate

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。continue“继续”；bay“海湾”；assistance“援助，帮助”；graduateschool“研究生院”。句意：我们学校没有研究生院，我们为学生提供的最高学位是文学学士和理学学士。D项符合题意。

14.单选题

Therainwassoheavythatthemanwaswettotheskin;hiswholebodywas（

）andtrembling.

问题1选项

A.stiff

B.straight

C.steady

D.hard

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雨太大，这个人身上已经湿了；他整个身子僵硬并且在瑟瑟发抖。stiff“僵硬的”；straight“直率的；笔直的”；steady“稳定的”；hard“坚硬的”。根据句意，选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Expertsbelievethelargenumberofcancercasesintheareais______thenewnuclearpowerstation.

问题1选项

A.resultedfrom

B.concernedabout

C.relatedto

D.dependenton

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.resultedfrom起因于，由……引起B.concernedabout关心

C.relatedto与……有关D.dependenton依赖于，依靠

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】由thelargenumberofcancercases（大量的癌症病例）与newnuclearpowerstation（新核电站）可知，它们两个之间是“有联系的”，而且berelatedto表示“与……有关”符合句意。因此，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、D选项不符合句意；

A选项resultfrom本身就有被动的含义在里面，所以前面不需要be动词，故排除。

【句意】专家认为该地区大量的癌症病例与新核电站有关。

16.单选题

Scienceandtechnologyactuallyhelpto（）theusefulandpleasantpartsoftraditionalculture.

问题1选项

A.preserve

B.prevail

C.reserve

D.precede

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:科学技术实际上有助于保存传统文化中有用的和讨人喜欢的部分。选项中只有A和C有保留，保存的意思。preserve强调保护东西完好无损;reserve指保存储备留作后用。根据句意可知，选项A更符合语境。

17.单选题

StandingontherimoftheGrandCanyon,gazingacrossthisgiantwoundintheEarth’ssurface,avisitormightassumethatthecanyonhadbeencausedbysomeancientconvulsion.Infact,theeventsthatproducedthecanyon,farfrombeingsuddenandcataclysmic,simplyadduptotheslowandorderlyprocessoferosion.

Manymillionsofyearsago,theColoradoPlateauintheGrandCanyonareacontained1,000morefeetofrockthanitdoestodayandwasrelativelylevel.Theadditionalmaterialconsistedofsome14layeredfonnationsofrock.IntheGrandCanyonregiontheselayerswerelargelywornawayoverthecourseofmillionsofyears.

Approximately65millionyearsagotheplateau’sflatsurfaceintheGrandCanyonareabulgedupwardfrominternalpressure;geologistsrefertothisbulgingactionasupwarping;itwasfollowedbyageneralelevationofthewholeColoradoPlateau,aprocessthatisstillgoingon.Astheplateaugraduallyrose,shallowriversthatmeanderedacrossitbegantorunmoreswiftlyandcutmoredefinitecourses.Oneoftheserivers,locatedeastoftheupwarp,wastheancestoroftheColorado.AnotherriversystemcalledtheHualapai,flowingwestoftheupwarp,extendeditselfeastwardbycuttingbackintotheupwarp;iteventuallyconnectedwiththeancientColoradoandcaptureditswaters.Thenewriverthenbegantocarveoutthe277-miIe-longtrenchthateventuallybecametheGrandCanyon.Geologistsestimatethatthisinitialcuttingactionbegannoearlierthan10millionyearsago.

Sincethen,thecanyonforminghasbeencumulative.Tothecorrosiveforceoftheriveritselfhavebeenaddedotherfactors.Heatandcold,rainandsnow,alongwiththevaryingresistanceoftherocks,increasetheopportunitiesforerosion.Thecanyonwallscrumble;theriveracquiresacuttingtool,tonsofdebris;rainfallrunningoffthehighplateaucreatesfeederstreamsthatcarvesidecanyons.Pushingslowlybackwardintotheplateau,thesidecanyonsexposenewrocks,andthepatternoferosioncontinues.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.InthefirstsentencetheauthorreferstotheGrandCanyonasa“wound”toindicatethat（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingconclusionsabouttheGrandCanyoncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Patternsoferosionindifferentmountainranges.

B.ForcesthatmadetheGrandCanyons.

C.TheincreasingpollutionoftheColoradoRiver.

D.ThesuddenappearanceoftheGrandCanyon.

问题2选项

A.itwascausedbysomeancientconvulsion

B.itspresenceisanembarrassmenttotheStateofColorado

C.itlookslikeaninjuryontheEarth’ssurface

D.itiscausedmanyvisitorstoinjurethemselves

问题3选项

A.Itscontoursareconstantlychanging.

B.Itcontainsapproximately14milliontonsofrock.

C.Itseruptionshaveincreasedinrecentyears.

D.Itisbeingerodedbytoxicwasteandpollutants.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了大峡谷主要是由于缓慢而有序的侵蚀作用形成；第二三段对大峡谷形成的原因和过程进行了仔细分析；最后一段进一步介绍大峡谷的进一步形成是由于各种力的作用。因此B选项“大峡谷形成的各种力”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的StandingontherimoftheGrandCanyon,gazingacrossthisgiantwoundintheEarth’ssurface,avisitormightassumethatthecanyonhadbeencausedbysomeancientconvulsion.（站在大峡谷的边缘，凝视着地球表面这个巨大的伤痕，游客可能会认为峡谷是由一些古老的震动造成的）可知C选项“看上去像是地球表面的伤痕”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Pushingslowlybackwardintotheplateau,thesidecanyonsexposenewrocks,andthepatternoferosioncontinues.（缓慢地向后推进高原，旁边的峡谷露出新的岩石，侵蚀模式继续进行）可知大峡谷的轮廓在不断变化，因此选A。

18.单选题

ThestatisticsI’vecitedandthelivingexamplesarealltoofamiliartoyou.Butwhatmaynotbesofamiliarwillbetheincreasingnumberofwomenwhoarelookingactivelyforadvancementofforanewjobinyouroffices.Thiswomanmaybeequippedwithprofessionalskillsandperhapsvaluableexperience.ShewillnotbecontenttobeExecutiveA