考研考博-英语-大连科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

（）oforganicfoods--atermwhosemeaningvariesgreatly--frequentlyproclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.

问题1选项

A.Captives

B.Addicts

C.Contestants

D.Advocates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。captive“俘虏”；addict“吸毒成瘾的人；入迷的人”；contestant“竞争者”；advocate“拥护者”。句意：有机食品这个术语的意义至今多样，它的______宣称这类食品比其他食品更加安全，更加有营养。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Playerswillbe_______againstfourothersworldwideinatimedcompetitiontoanswertriviaquestionsfromthe1950stopresentday.

问题1选项

A.trifled

B.wreathed

C.instigated

D.pitted

【答案】D

【解析】trifle浪费,虚度;wreathe环绕盘旋;instigate教唆,怂恿;pit使留疤痕,使竞争,pitagainst使与……对抗,使竞争。句意：玩家将在一场计时比赛中与来自世界各地的另外四名玩家进行较量,回答从20世纪60年代至今的一些琐碎问题。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

Sheknowssheneedsexercise,butfindsgoingtothegyma______.

问题1选项

A.job

B.toil

C.work

D.chore

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.job工作，职业B.toil苦工，劳累的工作

C.work工作D.chore日常事务，令人厌烦的任务

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据but可知，句子前后句意为转折关系，按照句意“她知道自己需要锻炼，但却发现去健身房是件______”可知，去健身房锻炼不是一件轻松的事情，所以该题选择D项恰当。

【干扰项排除】

A、C项都是指职业，不符合句意；

B项指报酬很低的苦活，去健身房锻炼没有工资，该项也不符合句意。

【句意】她知道自己需要锻炼，但却发现去健身房是件苦差事。

4.翻译题

Humanbeings:inalltimesandplacesthinkabouttheirworldandwonderattheirplaceinit.Humansarethoughtfulandcreative,possessedofinsatiablecuriosity.41.Furthermore,humanshavetheabilitytomodifytheenvironmentinwhichtheylive,thussubjectingallotherlifeformstotheirownpeculiarideasandfancies.Therefore,itisimportanttostudyhumansinalltheirrichnessanddiversifyinacalmandsystematicmanner,withthehopethattheknowledgeresultingfromsuchstudiescanleadhumanstoamoreharmoniouswayoflivingwiththemselvesandwithallotherlifeformsonthisplanetEarth.

“Anthropology”derivesfromtheGreekwordsanthropos“human”andlogos“thestudyof.”Byitsveryname,Anthropologyencompassesthestudyofallhumankind,Anthropologyisoneofthesocialsciences.42.Socialscienceisthatbranchofintellectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned,orderly,systematic,anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena.

Socialsciencedisciplinesincludegeography,economics,politicalscience,psychology,andsociology.Eachofthesesocialscienceshasasubfieldorspecializationwhichliesparticularlyclosetoanthropology.

Allthesocialsciencesfocusuponthestudyofhumanity.Anthropologyisafield-studyorienteddisciplinewhichmakesextensiveuseofthecomparativemethodinanalysis.43.Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-culturalperspectivebroughttotheanalysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialscience.

Anthropologyanalysisrestsheavilyupontheconceptofculture.SirEdwardTylor’sformulationoftheconceptofculturewasoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsof19thcenturyscience.44.Tylordefinedcultureas“...thatcomplexwholewhichincludesbelief,art,morals,law,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.”Soprofoundinitssimplicity,thisinsightopenedupanentirelynewwayofperceivingandunderstandinghumanlife.ImplicitwithinTylor’sdefinitionistheconceptthatcultureislearned,shared,andpatternedbehavior.

45.Thus,theAnthropologicalconceptof“culture”,liketheconceptof“set”inmathematics,isanabstractconceptwhichmakespossibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchandunderstanding.

【答案】41.另外，人类还有能力改善自己的生存环境，从而使所有其他形态的生命服从于人类自己独特的想法和想象。

42.社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图寻求像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性、有序、系统和客观的方式研究人类及其行为。

43.重视收集第一手资料，结合在分析古今的文化现象时采用跨文化视角，使这一研究成为一门独一无二并且极为重要的社会科学。

44.泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，（它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其他能力和习惯。”

45.因此，人类学中“文化”的概念就像数学中“集合”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大量的具体研究和理解成为可能。

5.单选题

Thefirstthingpeoplerememberaboutfailingatmathisthatitfeltlikesuddendeath.Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!Ifassumethatthecurriculumwasreasonable,andthatthenewideawasbutnextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts,thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling.

Acommonmythaboutthenatureofmathematicalabilityholdsthatoneeitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind.Mathematicalimaginationandanintuitivegraspofmathematicalprinciplesmaywellbeneededtodoadvancedresearch,butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?Ratesoflearningmayvary.Competencyundertimepressuremaydiffer.Certainlylowself-esteemwillgetintheway.Butwhereistheevidencethatastudentneedsa“mathematicalmind”inordertosucceedatlearningmath?

Considertheeffectsofthismythology.Sinceonlyafewpeoplearesupposedtohavethismathematicalmind,partofwhatmakesussopassiveinthefaceofourdifficultiesinlearningmathematicsisthatwesuspectallthewhilewemaynotbeoneof“them”,andwespendourtimewaitingtofindoutwhenournon-mathematicalmindswillbeexposed.Sinceourlimitwilleventuallybereached,weseenopointinbeingmethodicalofinattendingtodetail.Wearegratefulwhenwesurvivefractions-wordproblemsorgeometry.Ifthatcertainmomentoffailurehasn’tstruckyet,itisonlytemporarilypostponed.

Parents,especiallyparentsofgirls,oftenexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical.Parentsareeitherpooratmathortheyfailedthemselves.Ineithercase,theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whoarelikelytoexperiencemathanxiety?

2.Howwould“mathanxious”studentsprobablyreacttotheirfailureatmath?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabout“mathanxious”students?

4.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）.

5.Thepassagecouldbestbeentitledby（

）.

问题1选项

A.Primaryschoolstudents.

B.Highschoolstudents.

C.Collegestudents.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.Slowdowntheirlessons.

B.Askmorequestionsthannecessary.

C.Gototheteacherforreassurance

D.Panicandacceptthedefeat.

问题3选项

A.Theyrealizethatthefeelingofutterdefeatisirrational.

B.Theyassumethatthecurriculumisnotreasonable.

C.Theyfeelthenewideasaretoodifficultforthemtolearn.

D.Theyregardthenewideasasonlysomethingtobeencounterednextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts.

问题4选项

A.apersoneitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind

B.astudentneedsamathematicalmindtosucceedatlearningcollegelevelmath

C.peopledoingadvancedresearchinmathusuallyhavewhatiscalleda“mathematicalmind”

D.parentswhoarepooratmaththemselvesaremorelikelytoexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical

问题5选项

A.MathAnxiety

B.OvercomingMathAnxiety

C.FailingtheMathExam

D.MathAnxiousStudents

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“根据文章内容，有可能遭受焦虑的人是……”。文章第一段提到“不论这样的情况出现在六年级，或者在应对数学方程式的中，或者第一次面对微积分与统计学的大学”（Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!），由此可知，各个学习阶段都会碰上数学难题，选项D符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“遭遇‘数学焦虑’的学生对自己数学不及格的可能反应是……”。文章第一段提到“彻底失败的感觉是不理智的；然后数学焦虑的大学生和成年人发现，无论老师怎么安慰他们，他们都无法克服这种感觉”（thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling），选项D“恐慌并接受失败”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“关于数学焦虑的学生，一下说法正确的是……”。文章第二段提到“但是为什么那些能做其他学科的大学水平作业的人却不能做大学水平的数学题呢？”（butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?），选项C“他们感觉自己很难学习新内容”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者认为……”。文章最后一段提到“他们不愿意树立这样一个观念，即有的人有数学头脑，有的人没有”（theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave），因此选项A符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“本文最恰当的标题是……”。全文讲的都是跟数学焦虑（mathanxiety）相关的内容，因此选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Ascientistdoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Instead,healwayschecks,studiesandmakesexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelyto_____them.

问题1选项

A.testify

B.verify

C.affirm

D.assert

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析动词。A选项testifyv.证明，作证，证实；B选项verifyv.核实，查证；C选项affirmv.肯定，断言；D选项assertv.维护，坚持，断言。根据句意逻辑，B项正确。【试题答案】一个科学家不会接受不是基于完整论据论证的结论，事实上，他通常会检查、钻研、仔细客观地做实验，从而证实这些假设。

7.单选题

Whenwesoldourranchandmovedtotown,motherhaddecided______openadaynursery.

问题1选项

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：当我们卖掉农场搬到镇上时，母亲决定开一个日间托儿所。decidetodosth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。其他三项不能和decide搭配。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

问题1选项

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主语。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词was，缺少主语，因此选C。

句意：首先开发的是赛璐珞，一种天然樟脑和硝酸纤维素的混合物。

9.单选题

AreportsubmittedtotheUnitedStatesCongressin1971emphaticallyrecommendeda（）nationalefforttoadoptmetricsystem.

问题1选项

A.concerted

B.representative

C.respective

D.spontaneous

【答案】D

【解析】concerted协调的,协定的；representative典型的；respective分别的,各自的；spontaneous

自发的,无意识的。句意：1971年提交给美国国会的一份报告着重建议各国自发地努力采用公制系统。选项D符合句意。

10.单选题

Thesupplyofapplesexceedsthe（）thisyear.

问题1选项

A.request

B.claim

C.requirement

D.demand

【答案】D

【解析】句意：今年的苹果供不应求。supply供给对应demand需求。选项D更符合。

11.单选题

Rachelwasthe（

）choiceforthejobthankstohercommunicationskills

问题1选项

A.unanimous

B.genuine

C.harmonious

D.agreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unanimous“意见一致的；无异议的”；genuine“真实的；诚恳的”；harmonious“和谐的；协调的”；agreeable“令人愉快的；合适的”。句意：蕾切尔因为出色的交流技能成为这份工作无异议的人选。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Onlywhenfacedwithoverwhelmingevidenceofbeingtreateddifferentlythanthemenwhosurroundedme（），briefly,withthenotionthatIwasdifferentingender-relatedwaysfrommymalecolleagues.

问题1选项

A.thatIdealt

B.Idealt

C.thenIdealt

D.didIdeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法知识。only位于句首时，引导的句子为部分倒装结构。only后紧跟的是when引导的时间状语从句，因此使用正常语序，主句则需要倒装。D选项符合题意

13.单选题

______ourkindnesstohelpher,Susanrefusedtolistentous.

问题1选项

A.Atall

B.Forall

C.Inall

D.Onall

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项Atall“（否定句）根本”；B选项Forall“尽管”；C选项Inall“总计”；D选项Onall“总的来说”。句意：______我们好心地帮助苏珊，她不听我们的。根据语境，这里应该填入连词表示逻辑关系，前后对比表示转折符合语境，B选项Forall“尽管”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

（）herfamousfamily,VictoriaBeckhambroughtasexyvisionoffall/wintertoNewYorkrunawayshowSundayandconfidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia.

问题1选项

A.Confrontedwith

B.Acquaintedwith

C.Supportedby

D.Cheeredby

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组词义辨析。分析句子结构可知，空缺处为过去分词作状语。A选项Confrontedwith表示“面临，面对”，B选项Acquaintedwith表示“熟悉，了解，与……相识”，C选项Supportedby表示“由……支持”，D选项Cheeredby表示“受到……的喝彩”。由后文关键信息“confidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia”可知，维多利亚•贝克汉姆在时装秀上透露了她要在亚洲开第二家店的计划。由此可知，她受到了家人的支持，因此本题正确答案为C选项。

15.单选题

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures，especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud，feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears，despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-coloredandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwith(heirflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty.theywoulddevourallthefoodavaila-bleinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumberimportant?

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses（）

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater?

问题1选项

A.Becauseithelpsthemdigestfood.

B.Becauseithelpsthemprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Becauseitmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughmud.

D.Becauseitmakesthemattractivetofish.

问题2选项

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

问题3选项

A.Theyareverysensitivetothesurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

问题4选项

A.Atouch

B.Food

C.Unusuallywarmwater

D.Pollution

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.”。可知海参的颜色和形状使它们可以藏进裂缝中，可以远离捕食者，更好地保护自己。选项B符合题意。

2.主旨题。根据第四段，“Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight..”。海参的胃口很大，可以昼夜不停地吃。可知第四段主要讨论海参的饮食习惯。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched”一受到攻击甚至是触摸，海参把内脏会喷射到水里然后重生，可推断出海参对外界的攻击反应是很灵敏的。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“…ifitisattackedoreventouched…ifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.”。可知水温、水污染、攻击或者触碰都会使海参有反应。选项B符合题意。

16.单选题

Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade（）.

问题1选项

A.disincentive

B.redundant

C.diverse

D.discontent

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。disincentive妨碍活动的；redundant因人员过剩而被解雇的，多余的；diverse不同的，多种多样的；discontent不满的。句意:随着自动化在大多数工厂的普及，劳动力被了。因此B项符合句意。

17.单选题

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

问题1选项

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打扰；checkout检查；takedown拿下,记下；pulldown推翻,摧毁。句意:我们最好把整个地方都检查一下,以防被安了窃听器。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Thereforethegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsinformedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearsaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupilsprogress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsand,atthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat（

）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（

）.

3.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

5.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

D.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

问题2选项

A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic

B.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents

C.afathercanhavehissonhelphimconstructarticlesathome

D.aparent’smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels

问题3选项

A.believesthatschoolsarelackinginguidancepersonnel

B.believespresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschoolaresatisfying

C.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

D.feelsthatparentteacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent.

问题4选项

A.participationininterestingactivitiesrelatingtoaschoolsubjectimprovesone’sachievementinthatarea

B.schoolprincipalsdomorethantheirshareininterpretingthecurriculumtotheparents

C.onlyasmallpartoftheschooldayshouldbesetapartfordrillinginarithmetic

D.toomanychildrenarelazyandhavepoorworkhabits

问题5选项

A.tellparentstopaymoreattentiontotheguidanceofteachersinthematterofeducationalactivitiesinthehome

B.helpensurethateverychild’scapacitiescanfullydevelopwhenheleavesschool

C.urgeteachersandschooladministratorstomakeuseofamuchunderusedresourceoftheparents

D.improvetheteachingapproachinmathematicsinandoutsidetheclassroom

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.结合全文内容可知，第一段提出父母对孩子的影响是不容忽视的，接下来的内容主要是讨论如何帮助家长理解并且推进学校目标的关键——教师。所以选项B更能概括全文。

2.根据第三段第一句“theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.”课堂老师在得到上级允许的情况下，也可以起到启发家长的重要作用。第三段列举了具体的例子，所以选项D符合原文。

3.根据倒数第二段的内容，作为一名专业顾问，教师最需要的是一种创造性的方法和家长沟通，以便他们知道如何有效的利用孩子们的课外时间。由此可知，作者认为教师和家长之间的沟通可以更进一步，更具有建设性意义。选项D符合原文。

4.根据第四五段的内容可知，作者暗示参加与学校课程有关的有趣活动可以提高一个人在该领域的成就。选项A符合原文。

5.根据原文内容可知，本文强调父母的巨大影响不能被老师忽视或轻视，学校要和家庭联合起来，合力促进青少年能力的全面发展。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是为了敦促教师和学校管理者利用家长这个未得到充分利用的资源。选项C正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

19.单选题

Heclaimsthatadvertisingtodaytendstoportraywomenintraditionalrolessuchascookingortakingcareofthebaby.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.advocate

C.criticize

D.analyze

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：他声称，如今的广告倾向于将女性塑造成做饭或照顾孩子等传统角色。选项A与划线部分意思最为接近。

20.单选题

Thecouplehasdonatedanot（）amountofmoneytothefoundation.

问题1选项

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这对夫妇为这个基金会己经捐献了不少钱。

考查形容词辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考虑的,微不足道的；inconsiderate轻率的,不顾别人的;inaccurate不精确的,不准确的；incomparable无可匹敌的,不能比较的。故A符合句意。

21.单选题

TheUnitedStatesFoodandDragAdministrationhasshownitselftobeparticularlywarywithregardtoalleged“miracle”drugsinrecentyears.

问题1选项

A.bellicose

B.exhausted

C.cautious

D.strange

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项bellicose“好战的”；B选项exhausted“精疲力竭的”；C选项cautious“谨慎的”；D选项strange“奇怪的”。句意：近年来，美国食品药品监督管理局对所谓的神药的态度开始特别谨慎。根据语境，C选项cautious“谨慎的”比较符合对miracledrugs“神药”的态度，和wary“谨慎的”同义，符合题意。因此C选项正确。

22.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化对发达国家和发展中国家都是一个挑战。随着全球化的发展，世界各国之间的经济合作不断加强。中国拥有一个13亿人口的大市场，会为拉动世界的经济发展提供可观的动力。中国还要大规模开展基础设施的建设，改造和提升工业企业装备水平，还要不断提高农业的生产和加工能力。这些都需要在国际合作的环境中才能实现，各国之间不断扩大的经贸和各领域的合作关系，有助于推动世界经济的发展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

23.单选题

Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess.He’scompletely______toit.

问题1选项

A.addicted

B.ascribed

C.tempted

D.overcome

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.addicted沉溺于，入迷，上瘾B.ascribed归于，归咎于

C.tempted引诱，吸引D.overcome战胜，克服

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】由关键信息“Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess（他只想着下棋）”可知，他对下棋入了迷，除了这件事无心去做其他。因此，只有A选项词义最符合句意。且固定搭配“beaddictedto”表示“对……上瘾，沉溺于”。故本题正确答案为A选项。

【干扰项排除】B项beascribedto（归结于）、C项betemptedto（受诱惑做某事）和D项不符合句意。

【句意】他只想着下棋。他完全上瘾了。

24.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有传统养老金，那么退休之后你就得到一笔一定数目的养老金。故本题正确答案为D选项

2.细节事实题。题干询问：如果退休人员的养老金账户不足5000美元，他怎么做会比较明智。根据原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少