考研考博-英语-广州华夏职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州华夏职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Ifwecannot（

）exactlywhatwearesupposedtobemanaging，howcanwemanageit?

问题1选项

A.knockon

B.pindown

C.letgo

D.getover

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。knockon“敲击，撞击”；pindown“确定”；letgo“放开，释放”；getover“恢复，解决”。语境为：如果我们无法准确确定有待管理之处，那么我们该如何进行管理？选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

TheSydneyOlympicsofferedmeanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutstagingamajormulti-sporteventandthisknowledge,Ifelt,wouldstandmeingoodsteadasIdevelopedthemediaservicesthatwouldbeneededforourSaltLakeCityWinterGamesin2002.

Ialsodecidedthatworkingasavolunteerwouldgivemeagreaterunderstandingofawholerangeofissues,whichiswhyIjoinedtheranksofthoseworkinginthefrontline.

ButlittledidIsuspectjusthowmuch,theexperiencewouldoffermesuchpowerfulfeelingandastrongsenseofpride-emotionswhichinfluencethemanymemoriesthatItookawaywithmewhenIleftSydney.

Asawomanvolunteer,Iamnotusuallykeenonuniforms,butfromthemomentIputonmySydneyvolunteer’suniformIfeltIwaspartofsomethingimportantsomethingbigthatcouldwellbeaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.Iimmediatelybondedwithothersinthesameuniformandaswepassedeachotherinthestreetdressedinourcolorfuloutfits,wesmiledandsaid“G’day”toeachotherandthosegreetingscontinuedthroughoutthetwoweeksoftheOlympics.

MyjobwasasasupervisorintheMainPressCenterwhereImanaged800journalists*desks,thetelephones,thebanksoftelevisionandothervolunteers,manyofwhomweremediastudents.OurshiftswereeighthourslongandoftenovernightastheCenterwasopen24hours,butwegenerallystayedlongeroutofchoiceastheworkwasimportantandexciting.Withoutusthejournalistswouldnotgettheirarticlesbacktotheirhomenewsdesksandthestoriesoftheemotionalhighsandlowsofthecompetitorswouldneverreachtheoutsideworld.

Asvolunteers,weallfeltourworkwasavaluablecontributiontothesuccessoftheOlympicsandwereveledinthecomplimentswereceived.Weworkedhardandwehadfun.Wemadenewcontactsandfriendsfromallovertheworldandwelearnednewskillswhichwewillneverlose.

WhentheOlympicsfinished,allthevolunteers—47,000ofus一wereinvitedtotakepartinaparadethroughthestreetsofSydney.Manyofusdidthis,andthousandsandthousandsofpeoplecameouttocheerourefforts.Beingpartofthatexperiencebroughttearstomanyeyes.

TheOlympicswasmarvelous,andtheworkIwenttodoisrelevantandvaluabletothejobIdonow.ButtheexperienceofbeinginvolvedinsuchamassiveeventandtherecognitionweweregivenforoureffortsiswhatIwillrememberforever.

1.TheauthorworkedasintheMainPressCenteroftheSydneyOlympics(

).

2.Accordingtotheauthor,herprideinbeingavolunteerintheOlympicsincreasedallthe(

)

morewhenshewas.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theshiftsforthevolunteersintheMainPressCenterwereoften(

)

hourslong.

4.Theauthorfeltthattheworkofthevolunteerswas(

).

5.WhattheauthorwillrememberforeverabouttheOlympicvolunteerjobis(

).

问题1选项

A.amanager

B.ajournalist

C.aneditor

D.asupervisor

问题2选项

A.wearingthecolorfulvolunteeruniformandgreetingtheothersinthestreet

B.learningmoreaboutstagingamajormulti-sportevent

C.understandingbetterawholerangeofissuesrelatedtotheGames

D.joiningtheranksofthoseworkinginthefrontline

问题3选项

A.8

B.morethan8

C.lessthan8

D.nearly24

问题4选项

A.unimportanttothesuccessoftheOlympics

B.unnecessarytothesuccessoftheOlympics

C.irrelevanttothesuccessoftheOlympics

D.invaluabletothesuccessoftheOlympics

问题5选项

A.thecolorfuloutfitstheywerewearinginthebigevent

B.theadviceandservicetheygavetotheathletes

C.therecognitiontheyweregivenfortheirefforts

D.workingovertime

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。本题是问作者在悉尼奥运会总新闻中心的工作是什么。根据本文第五段第一句“MyjobwasasasupervisorintheMainPressCenterwhereImanaged800journalists'desks,thetelephones,thebanksoftelevisionandothervolunteers,manyofwhomweremediastudents.我的工作是在主要的新闻中心担任主管，在那里我管理着800名记者的办公桌、电话、电视银行和其他志愿者，其中许多是媒体专业的学生。”可直接得出答案，作者的工作是作为一名监督员为奥运会服务的，D选项正确。

2.细节事实题。本题是问作者什么时候作为奥运会志愿者的自豪感更加强烈。根据本文第四段第一句话中的"butfromthemomentIputonmySydneyvolunteer'suniformIfeltIwaspartofsomethingimportantsomethingbigthatcouldwellbeaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.但从我穿上悉尼志愿者制服的那一刻起，我就觉得自己是一件大事的一部分，一件可能是一生一次的大事。”可知A选项‘穿着五颜六色的志愿者制服，和街上的其他人打招呼’符合题意。

3.推理判断题。本题是问在总新闻中心工作的志愿者的轮班时间是多长。根据本文第五段第二句话“OurshiftswereeighthourslongandoftenovernightastheCenterwasopen24hours,butwegenerallystayedlongeroutofchoiceastheworkwasimportantandexciting.我们的轮班时间为8小时，而且通常是在中心24小时开放的情况下连夜工作，但由于工作重要且令人兴奋，我们通常会多待一些时间。”可知志愿者们轮班的时间实际上通常会超过八个小时，所以B选项正确。

4.观点态度题。本题是问作者对于志愿者工作的感受。从本文的内容可知，作者一直在强调志愿者工作对奥运会的巨大作用，而A、B和C三个选项中的“unimportant”、’’unnecessary”以及“irrelevant”都否定了志愿者的工作的重要性；只有D选项的“invaluable”表示“非常珍贵的，极有用的”肯定了志愿者的作用，所以D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。本题是问作者会永远记住奥运会志愿者工作的哪些方面。由本文最后一句话“...andtherecognitionweweregivenforoureffortsiswhatIwillrememberforever.对我们努力的认可是我永远不会忘记的。”确定C选项‘他们的努力得到了认可’正确。

3.不定项选择题

Sometimearound621BC,alegislatornamedDracoappearedontheAtheniansceneandmadethelawsthatsubstitutedpublicjusticeforpersonalrevenge.Hislawsweresoseverethatthelegislatorhasbeenimmortalizedbytheword“draconian”.TheselawsheldforonlyaquarterofacenturyuntilSolon,whocametobecalledthefounderofAtheniandemocracy,abolishedthedeathpenaltyforeverythingbutmurder.Solonalsocarriedoutconstitutionalreformsthatsetupfreeelectionandbroughtallclasses,exceptslaves,intotheprocessofgovernment.Andsodemocracybegan.

AhundredyearslaterdemocracyandeverythingelseGreecehadbuiltupwerethreatenedbyPersia.ThefirstofPersia’sexpeditionstookplacein490BCwhenitsarmyarrivedatMarathon,nearAthens.ThiswastheeventwhereaGreeksoldierranthe27milesbacktoAthens,managedtocryout,“Wehavewon”,thencollapsedanddied.

IntheirsecondexpeditionthePersianswerematchedbythegeniusofThemistocles,anAthenianleaderwhomadehispeoplenervousbygoingoutandbuildingahugefleetratherthananarmy.However,heturnedouttoberight.ThePersianswereblastedofftheseaatthebattleofSalamis,offthecoastnearAthens.

Athens,nowanavalpower,washeadedforitsgoldenage.Itsruleratthistime,aroundthemiddleofthefifthcenturyBC,wasPericles,themostdazzlingspeaker.Hepracticeddemocracyathome.Oneofhisnot-so-smartdecisionswastorestrictAtheniancitizenshiptopeoplewhosemotherandfatherwerebothAthenians.

ItwasPericleswhobuilttheParthenon.ThiswasquiteatimeforAthens.WhilePericleswasbuildinghisParthenon,Aeschylus,SophoclesandEuripideswerewritingtheirplaysandSocratesandPlatowereteaching.

AthenswastheninvolvedinthePeloponnesianWarwithSpartaand27yearsoffightingledtoAthens’defeatin404BC.ButvictoriousSparta’sinfluencelastedonly30yearsafter,itwasthenruledbyMacedonia,akingdominthenorthofGreece.

PhilipofMacedon’sambitionwastounifyallofGreece,restoreGreekculturetoMacedon,andeliminatePersiaasalingeringthreat.Nextinlineinthethronewashisfirstwife’sson,AlexandertheGreats,whohadstudiedunderAristotle.Alexander’sdeathmarkedtheendofthegreatclassicalperiodofGreece,inliterature,philosophyandart.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword“draconian”(L.3,Para.1)?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

3.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,weleanthat（）

4.SolonandPericlesshareonesimilarity,whichisthattheyboth（）

5.Thebesttitleforthistextmaybe（）

问题1选项

A.Democratic.

B.Revenge.

C.Harsh.

D.Dramatic.

问题2选项

A.UnlikeDraco,Solonfirstestablisheddeathpenaltyforthecrimeofmurder.

B.AthensmarchedtoitsgoldenageafterPersia’sfirstexpedition.

C.Periclesisfamousforhisabilityofwritingplaysandteaching.

D.PeoplemisunderstoodThemistocleswhenhebuiltnavy.

问题3选项

A.MacedoniaisthenameofamanwhocontrolledAthensafterwar.

B.PeloponnesianWaristhetransitionalpointforAthensfromprosperitytodecline.

C.GreecewassplitundertheruleofMacedonia.

D.AlexandergaveAristotleAthenscitizenshipbecauseAristotlewashisteacher.

问题4选项

A.carriedoutconstitutionalreforms.

B.excelledatgivingspeech.

C.implementedstrictlaws.

D.valueddemocracy.

问题5选项

A.TheHistoryofAthens.

B.TheWarthatSplitsAthens.

C.TheunificationofGreek.

D.Alexander,theGreatRulerofAthens.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:词义推断题。draconian的原意是“严酷”，而题干前的“Hislawsweresoseverethat”提示了我们答案，文章说他的法律太过于严厉以至于……，因此答案为C项harsh“严酷的，严厉的”。

第2题:文章大意题。我们需要根据每一个选项定位到相应的部分。A项在第一段有提示，“abolishedthedeathpenaltyforeverythingbutmurder”，可以得出Solon并不是首创，而是沿用了之前的Draco的这一法例；B项错误，是第二次，不是第一次；C项也错误，Preicles是一个演讲家，以演说出名；D项正确，“whomadehispeoplenervousbygoingoutandbuildingahugefleetratherthananarmy”以及“However,heturnedouttoberight.”这两句可以看出一开始民众确实是误解他的。

第3题:段落细节题。定位到最后两段，A项不对，Macedonia是一个希腊北部的国家，并不是人；B项并没有提及，错误；C项正确，正因为是在马其顿的统治下分裂，因此菲利普的心愿就是统一希腊；D项错误，并未提及。

第4题:细节推断题。解题关键在第一段“Solon,whocametobecalledthefounderofAtheniandemocracy”以及“Pericles,themostdazzlingspeaker.Hepracticeddemocracyathome.”可以看出他们两位都对民主很重视，答案选D。

第5题:文章标题题。从全文多处我们可以看到，文章讲述的主要就是雅典的历史，法律也好，战争也好，都是围绕雅典在叙述，因此A正确。

4.填空题

NextmonththereisanimportantscientificconferenceinBerlinthatIhaveagreedto（1）.I’mscheduledtoleaveBeijingonthe12thand（2）onthe18th.I’vebeenaskedtogivea20-（3）presentationexplainingourcurrentresearch.Ilook（4）tothisconference,（5）willgivemean（6）tomeetotherresearchersinmyfield.TheonlythingthatI’m（7）aboutismyspokenEnglish,especiallywhenIgivethepresentation.I’ve（8）acoachwhoisnowhelpingmeto（9）mypronunciationanddelivery.

【答案】1.attend

2.back

3.minute

4.forward

5.which

6.opportunity

7.worried

8.hired

9.improve

【解析】1.固定搭配。attendaconference参加会议。

2.语义题。根据前文中的leaveBeijingonthe12th可知“onthe18th”表示“18日返回”。

3.语义题。a20-minutepresentation20分钟的演讲。

4.固定搭配。lookforwardto期盼,期待。

5.语法题。考查定语从句关系词。此处为一个非限制性定语从句，故填入的引导词为which。

6.语义题。Givemeanopportunity给我提供机会。

7.固定搭配。beworriedabout为…担心。

8.语义题。宾语acoach“教练”可以推断出谓语动词可以用hire(聘请)，由于是现在完成时，故需要用hired。

9.语义题。improve表示“提高发音和表达”。

5.单选题

Theanalysissuggeststhatthetradeoffbetweenourchildrencollegeandourownretirementsecurityischilling.

问题1选项

A.frightening

B.promising

C.freezing

D.revealing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“令人恐惧的”；B选项“有希望的，有前途的”；C选项“冰点以下的，结冰的”；D选项“揭露真情的，有启迪作用的”；题干中chilling“令人恐惧的”，句意：分析表明，在孩子上大学和我们自己的退休保障之间的权衡令人不寒而栗。因此A选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Thepatient'sprogresswasveryencouragingashecould（）getoutofbedwithouthelp.

问题1选项

A.nearly

B.hardly

C.merely

D.barely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项nearly表示“差不多，几乎”，B选项hardly表示“几乎不，简直不，刚刚”，C选项merely表示“仅仅，只不过，只是”，D选项barely表示“仅仅，勉强，几乎不，贫乏的”。根据句意“这位病人的进步让人兴奋”可知，病人可以不需要别人帮忙就能下床走路，空缺处单词应表示肯定。因此，只有A选项最符合原文语境，故本题正确答案为A选项。

7.翻译题

I’mprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifIhadn’tbeenfiredfromApple.Itwasawful-tastingmedicine,butIguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifeisgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith.I’mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.You’vegottofindwhatyoulove.Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking—anddon’tsettle.Aswithallmattersoftheheart,you’llknowwhenyoufindit.Andlikeanygreatrelationship,itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.Sokeeplooking—don’tsettle.

【答案】我非常确定，如果苹果公司没有开除我的话，这一切不会发生。这贴药很苦，但我认为病人需要它。有时候，生活会用砖头敲你的脑袋。不要失去信心。我确信唯一让我不断前进的就是我喜欢我所做的事情。你需要找到你喜爱的东西，对于工作是如此，对于你的爱人也是一样。你的工作将占据你生活的很大部分，唯一能使你满意的方法便是做你认为伟大的工作，而做伟大工作的唯一方法便是去喜爱你做的事情。如果你还没有找到你喜欢的事情，继续寻找，不要停下来。只要你全心全意去找，当你找到时，你就会知道的。就像其他任何真诚的感情一样，随着岁月的流逝，这种关系只会越来越紧密。所以继续寻找，不要停下来。

8.单选题

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

问题1选项

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。diffuse“扩散，传播"；diminish“（使）减少，（使）变小”；terminate“停止，（使）终止”;preclude“排除，阻止，妨碍”。句意：如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，那么我们将不得不寻找另外的材料供应商。选项C符合题意。

9.写作题

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositioninabout200wordsunderthefollowingtitle.

EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

【答案】EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

Alongwiththeeconomicdevelopment,livingstandard’senhancement,theenvironmentquestionbecomesafocalpointwhichgraduallyattractspeople’sattention.InChina,thisproblemisratherdifferentbecauseofourheavypopulationandrapiddevelopment.Therefore,ourgovernmentputtheenvironmentalprotectionupasabasicstatepolicy.Andthen,Iwouldliketotalkabouttheenvironmentalprotectionofourcountry.

Inmyopinion,theprotectionofenvironmentisastep-by-stepprogress,weneedpatientandcare.Therearethewaysandsuggestionsofprotectingtheenvironment.Thefirstoneistomakeasynchronizationofthebuildandprotectofenvironment.Protecttheanimals,plants,forestsandwatertogetherinsteadofmerelydealwiththedamagedones.Thiscanmakeourenvironmentsustainableandprovidecontinuousrecourses.Secondly,improvepeople’senthusiasmofprotectingtheenvironment.People’ssenseofenvironmentalprotectionandtheirattendancearethemostimportantparts.Wecandomoreadvertisementsandletpeopleknowmoreaboutthis.Thirdly,makethelawsofthispartmorecomplete.Ifwewanttomakeadifferenceintheprotectionofenvironment,weneedthesupportoflaws,andtheycanbeourguarantee.

Weshouldknowtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandkeepitclear.Itisinrelationshipwiththedevelopmentofoureconomic,theprogressofthesocietyandthehealthofpeople.Withtheresponsibilityofoursociety,weshoulddoitwellandmakeourenvironmentmorecleanandcomfortable.

10.单选题

Thereareseveral______betweentheoriginalestimatesofthecostandtheactualbills.

问题1选项

A.exaggerations

B.discrepancies

C.breakthroughs

D.compliances

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项exaggeration“夸张；夸大之词；夸张的手法”；B选项discrepancy“不符；矛盾；相差”；C选项breakthrough“突破；突破性进展”；D选项compliance“顺从，服从；符合；屈从；可塑性”。句意：费用的原始估计和实际账单之间有几处不一致。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Believeitornot,lastyearMattearned（）hisbrother,whohasabetterpositioninabigcompany.

问题1选项

A.astwicemuchas

B.twiceasmuchas

C.astwicemuchas

D.asmuchtwiceas

【答案】B

【解析】考查倍数的表达。倍数应放于asmuchas之前，所以选项B正确。

12.单选题

Hewasinterestedonlyinthestoryandskippedallthosepassagesoflandscapedescription.

问题1选项

A.thoughtbadlyof

B.wentover

C.wentthrough

D.passedover

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词和词组辨析。skip“跳过；遗漏”；A选项thinkbadlyof“认为……不好”；B选项goover“复习；仔细检查”；C选项gothrough“参加；经受；仔细检查；通过”；D选项passover“越过；忽略；宽恕；回避”。句意：他仅仅对这个故事感兴趣，因此他跳过了所有那些描述风景的段落。由“Hewasinterestedonlyinthestory他仅仅对这个故事感兴趣”可推断出skip在这里有“跳过”的意思，因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

Inordertostrengthenhisarguments,Toffler（

）respectablesocialscientistswhoagreewithhim.

问题1选项

A.recites

B.confirms

C.quotes

D.convinces

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。recite意为“背诵，朗诵，列举”；confirm意为“确认，批准，证实”；quote意为“引述，引用”；convince意为“使相信，说服，使承认”。

句意：为了加强他的论点，托夫勒引用了同意他观点的受人尊敬的社会科学家的话。

14.单选题

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

问题1选项

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：要不是公众及时投资，我们公司就不会像现在这样繁荣。由此可知，主句和从句发生的时间不一致，主句是对现在的虚拟，所以用would+动词原形；从句是对过去的虚拟，投资发生在公司繁荣之前，所以应使用过去完成时，即had+过去分词。虚拟条件句中如果含有助动词should、had和were，可以将if省略，将助动词提前。这里还原应该是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic…”，将助动词提前之后就是Haditnotbeen，所以选项A正确。

15.单选题

Don’tgetmixedupinany（）business.

问题1选项

A.funny

B.misty

C.foggy

D.behind

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项funny“有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的”；B选项misty“模糊的；有雾的”；C选项foggy“有雾的；模糊的，朦胧的”；D选项behind“在……的后面；朝……后面”。根据固定搭配funnybusiness“见不得人的活动，不规矩的事，不道德的行为”可知该题选funny。句意：不要卷入任何不道德的行为中。因此A选项正确。

16.单选题

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theycanpredictfutureevents.

B.Theyhavenospecialmeanings.

C.Theyhaveculturalconnotations.

D.Theycannotbeeasilyexplained.

问题2选项

A.Itwascanceledduetobadweather.

B.Sheoversleptandmissedtheflight.

C.Shedreamedofaplanecrash.

D.Itwaspostponedtothefollowingday.

问题3选项

A.Theycanbeaffectedbypeople’schildhoodexperiences.

B.Theymaysometimesseemridiculoustoarationalmind.

C.Theyusuallyresultfrompeople’sunpleasantmemories.

D.Theycanhaveanimpactasgreatasrationalthinking.

问题4选项

A.Theycallforscientificmethodstointerpret.

B.Theymirrortheirlong-cherishedwishes.

C.Theyreflecttheircomplicatedemotions.

D.Theyareoftenrelatedtoirrationalfeelings.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】ConversationTwo

M:[5]Doyouthinkdreamshavespecialmeanings?

W:[5]No,Idon’tthinktheydo.

M:[5]Idon’teither.Butsomepeopledo.Iwouldsaypeoplewhobelievethatdreamshavespecialmeaningsaresuperstitious,especiallynowadays.Inthepast,duringthetimesofancientEgypt,GreeceorChina,peopleusedtobelievethatdreamscouldforeseethefuture.Buttoday,withallthescientificknowledgethatwehave,Ithinkit’smuchhardertobelieveinthesesortsofthings.

W:Mygrandmotherissuperstitious,andshethinksdreamscanpredictthefuture.[6]Onceshedreamedthattheflightshewasduetotakethefollowingdaycrashed.Canyouguesswhatshedid?Shedidn’ttakethatflight.Shedidn’tevenbothertogototheairportthefollowingday.Insteadshetookthesameflight,butaweeklater,andeverythingwasfine,ofcourse.Noplaneevercrashed.

M:Howfunny!Didyouknowthatflyingisactuallysaferthananyothermodeoftransport?It’sbeenstatisticallyproven.Peoplecanbesoirrationalsometimes.

W:Yes,absolutely.Butevenifwethinkthey’reridiculous,[7]emotionscanbejustaspowerfulasrationalthinking.

M:Exactly,peopledoallsortsofcrazythingsbecauseoftheirirrationalfeelings,butinfact,somepsychologistsbelievethatourdreamsaretheresultofouremotionsandmemoriesfromthatday.IthinkitwasSigmundFreudwhosaidthatchildren’sdreamswereusuallysimplerepresentationsoftheirwishes—thingstheywishedwouldhappen.Butinadults,[8]dreamsaremuchmorecomplicatedreflectionsoftheirmoresophisticatedsentiments.

W:Isn’titinterestinghowpsychologiststrytounderstandusingthescientificmethodsomethingasbizarreasdreams?Psychologyisliketherationalstudyofirrationalfeelings.

5.Whatdobothspeakersthinkofdreams?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问的是两位说话者对梦的看法。对话开头，男士询问女士是否认为梦具有特殊意义，女士给出否定回答，接着男士说“我也不这么认为”，表明他与女士看法一致，因此B选项“它们没有特殊意义”符合录音原文。A选项“它们能够预测未来发生的事情”，这是古埃及、古希腊和中国古代的人们的看法，并不是说话者的看法，因此不正确；C选项“它们蕴含着文化意义”和D选项“它们很难解释”在录音中均未提及。

6.Whydidn’tthewoman’sgrandmothertakeherscheduledflight?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问为什么这位女士的祖母没有乘坐她预定的航班？录音中女士提及她的祖母相信梦可以预测未来，有一次因为梦见自己第二天要乘坐的飞机坠毁了（theflight...crashed），她就没有坐那趟航班，甚至连机场也没去。C选项“她梦见飞机失事”是录音原文的同义表达，因此正确。A选项“由于天气不好取消了”；B选项“她睡过头，错过了航班”和D选项“推迟到了第二天”在录音中均未提及，因此可排除。

7.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpeople’semotions?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问的是女士关于人的情绪的看法。录音中女士提及即使人们有时候很荒唐，但情绪的力量并不亚于理性思考。D选项“它们的影响力不亚于理性思考”是录音原文的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“它们会受到人们童年经历的影响”和C选项“它们通常是由人们不愉快的记忆引起的”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除；B选项“相比于理性思维，它们有时会显得很可笑”，虽然是女士说的，但这是女士对男士的上一句话“人们有时会很不理智”表示赞同，并且着重想强调的还是后半部分：情绪的力量并不亚于理性思考，因此B选项也不选。

8.WhatdidpsychologistSigmundFreudsayaboutadults’dreams?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问心理学家弗洛伊德对成人的梦的看法。男士提到，弗洛伊德将儿童的梦与成人的梦进行了对比阐释，认为成人的梦更为复杂，反映了他们复杂的情感。C选项“反映了他们复杂的情感”是录音原文的复现，因此正确。A选项“它们需要用科学的方法来阐释”，利用录音中出现的thescientificmethod设置的干扰，这并不是弗洛伊德的看法，所以排除；B选项“反映了他们长期以来的愿望”，这是弗洛伊德对儿童的梦的看法，不是成人的梦，因此排除；D选项“它们通常与非理性情绪相关”，利用录音中的irrationalfeelings设置干扰，这是男士的个人观点，与弗洛伊德的看法无关，因此也不选。

17.填空题

Itispreciselythiskindofconversationwhichisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bwhich改为that

【解析】【考查点】强调句。

【解题思路】Itis…that…为强调句，此题强调这种对话的重要性，引导词用that。

【句意】当我们想方设法提高阅读能力，以匹配更高的学习水平和随之而来的新要求时，这种对话尤为重要。

18.单选题

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

问题1选项

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主语。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词was，缺少主语，因此选C。

句意：首先开发的是赛璐珞，一种天然樟脑和硝酸纤维素的混合物。

19.单选题

Aviolentcrimewas______every32secondsinthiscitylastyear.

问题1选项

A.conducted

B.performed

C.committed

D.executed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项conduct“引导，实施”，B项perform“执行，演奏”，C项commit“犯罪，使……承担义务”，D项execute“实行，执行”。根据关键词violentcrime“暴力分子”可知，C选项符合语境。句意：去年这个城市每32秒就发生一起暴力犯罪。因此，该题选择C项正确。

20.单选题

Thegoalistousecrops,weedsandevenanimalwaste________thepetroleumthatfuelsmuchofAmericanmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.infavorof

C.inspiteof

D.inplaceof

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项intermsof“在……方面，就……而言”；B选项infavorof“赞成”；C选项inspiteof“不管，尽管”；D选项inplaceof“取代，代替”。句意：这个目标是用庄稼，野草甚至是动物排泄物来（）为绝大多数美国人生产活动提供动力的石油。人们使用庄稼等有机物很明显是为了取代石油这种化学物来充当燃料的，所以答案选D。

21.单选题

Thecontemporaryphenomenonofmotorcarworshipistobeexplainednotleastbythesenseofindependenceandfreedomthatownership（）.

问题1选项

A.enrolls

B.entraps

C.enrages

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似动词辨析。enroll“登记，注册”；entrap“使陷入罗网，欺骗”；enrage“激怒，使暴怒”；entail“需要；带来”。句意：对于当今崇尚汽车的现象，究其原因是有了车可以独立自由行动，不需要依赖别人。选项D符合题意。

22.单选题

Theymadedetailedinvestigationsto（）themselveswiththeneedsofthe

ruralmarket.

问题1选项

A.adhere

B.acknowledge

C.acquaint

D.activate

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。此处为固定搭配，acquaintwith意为“熟悉，了解”。

23.单选题

Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsof-thefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears-sowhyshouldn'twe?Takeabroaderlookatourspecies'placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.LookupHomosapiensinthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalUnionfortheConversationofNature（IUCN）,andyouwillread:"ListedasLeastConcern,asthespeciesis.verywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline."

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedicalclockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplicated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanetandourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

ThislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticViewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.

1.Weusedtohaveapositivevisionofthefuturebecauseof（）.

2.AccordingtotheIUCN’s“RedList”,humanbeing（）.

3.Paragraph5suggestthat（）.

4.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe（）.

问题1选项

A.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

B.ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment

C.ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

D.ourbeliefinequalopportunity

问题2选项

A.aretheworld’sdominantpower

B.willthreatentheenvironment

C.facenomajorthreats

D.areamisplacedrace

问题3选项

A.Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies

B.technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem

C.theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise

D.ourimmediatefutureishardtoconceive

问题4选项

A.exploreourplanet’sabundantresources

B.drawonourexperiencefromthepast

C.adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

D.curbourambitiontoreshapehistory

问题5选项

A.TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

B.EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

C.UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

D.Science,TechnologyandHumanity

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由原文第一段可知，直到几十年前，我们对未来的看法大多是积极的。科学和技术将治愈人类的所有疾病，为所有人带来满足和充满机会的生活。由此可以判断，我们通常对未来拥有积极的态度是因为我们相信科技的力量。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到原文第三段，由第三段最后一句“...therearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.”可知，人类目前并没有什么主要的威胁可以导致整体人口下降。故本题正确答案为C选项。

3.推理判断题。由第五段第一句“Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.”可知考虑时间跨度比较长的未来要比考虑近期的未来更容易。由此可判断D选项正确。其他选项均不能由第五段内容得出，因此本题正确答案为D选项。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到原文第六段第二句。由“thepastholdsthekeytothefuture”可知，我们的过去掌握着通往未来的钥匙。因此，要确保人类的未来，非常关键的一点就是要从过去总结经验，因此本题正确答案为B选项。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是因为科技的进步，人类的未来充满光明，我们现在拥有足够的知识来减少许多威胁人类生存的风险，并且能够改善未来人类的命运。因此，A选项“人类永远光明的未来