Unit4词汇与语法复习讲义-人教版英语八年级下册

Unit4词汇与语法复习词汇精讲allow作动词，意为“允许”。用法如下：allowdoingsth.允许做某事 allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允许做某事【活学活用】根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。Hisparentswon’tallowhim_____________(stay)outlate.Boysandgirls,rememberthatwedon’tallow_____________(eat)intheclassrooms.Ithinkteenagersshould___________________(allow)choosetheirownclothes.getonwithgeton/along相处，进展 getonwithsb.与某人和睦相处/关系良好getonwell/badlywithsth.某事进展顺利/不好【拓展】与get相关的词组geton_____________ getoff_____________ getover_____________getreadyfor_____________ getsunburned____________ getto_____________【活学活用】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。Youshouldtrytoget____________theproblemyoumeet.Theoldmangot____________thebusslowly.He_______________________________________(与...相处得好)hisclassmates.argue作动词，意为“争论，争吵”。常用短语为：arguewithsb.aboutsth.关于某事与某人争吵arguefor/againststh.为赞成/反对某事而辩论【词汇拓展】n.argument争论；辩论；论点haveanargumentwithsb.aboutsth.因某事与某人争论【拓展】argue与discuss的辨析：argue着重于自己的看法、立场，提出论据，以理说服他人 Thereisnoneedarguingaboutthematter.discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有说服对方的成分We’regoingtodiscussthequestion.insteadinstead副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常放在句首或句尾，放句用逗号与后面隔开。Hedidn’tgotoschool.Instead,hewenttothecinema.insteadof介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式。Hewenttothecinemainsteadofgoingtoschool.【活学活用】根据句意，用instead＆insteadof填空。Ifyouhavenocream,youcanusemilk____________.____________goingout,heinvitedhisfriendstohishome.explain动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：explainsth.tosb.向某人解释某事Pleaseexplainthatruletome.explain(tosb.)+疑问词+从句向某人解释……Pleaseexplaintomewhatthismeans.explain+that从句解释…… Heexplainedthatwecouldnolongerstay.【注意】explain后面不能接双宾语，在接间接宾语sb.时，前面应加介词to，即explainsth.topare作动词，意为“比较，对照”，comparewith把...和比较(同类相比)Compareyouranswerswiththoseatthebackofthebooktoseeiftheyareright.作动词，意为“比作”，compareto把...比作(异类相比，比喻)Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.【活学活用】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。Childrenarealwaysenergeticandhopeful.Weoftencomparethem____________therisingsun.Myhandwritingcannotbecompared____________mygrandfather’s.push作动词，意为“推动；挤；督促”。例如：【活学活用】写出下列句子中push的意思。Wehadtopushourwaythroughthecrowd. ( )Shethanksherparentsforpushinghertostudy ( )Theriseininterestrateswillpushpricesup. ( )lookthrough快速查看；浏览【拓展】与look相关的词组lookafter____________ lookaround____________ lookover_____________lookout_____________ lookup_____________ lookinto_____________lookdownupon_____________ lookupto_____________【活学活用】Jenny______hermother.Theybothhavearoundrace. A．looksafter B．looksaround C．looksout D．lookslikeWhenwemeetnewwordswhilereading,wearesupposedtoguessfirstinsteadof____inthedictionaryonebyone. A．lookingoverthem B．lookingforthem C．lookingupthem D．lookingthemupThedoctor________thepatientcarefullytomakesurethathecouldgetwellsoon. A．lookedafter B．lookedaround C．lookedinto D．lookedthroughTherichwoman________theshortpoormananddidn’tfollowhisadvice. A．lookedup B．lookeddownupon C．lookedout D．lookedlikecontinue 动词，意为“持续；继续存在”，其用法如下：continuetodosth.________________Afterhefinishedreadinganovel,hecontinuedtoplaygamewithhisfriend.continuedoingsth.________________Iwasallowedtocontinueusingthemunicate 动词，意为“交流；沟通”，其用法如下：communicatewithsb.与某人交流【词汇拓展】munication交流；沟通municative交际的句式精讲Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents？Whydon’tyou+动词原形+其他？=Whynot+动词原形+其他？为什么不……？，并不表示疑问，而是作建议、询问。例如：Whydon’tyougowithus?=Whynotgowithus?为什么不同我们一起去呢？【拓展】whynot用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如：—Let’sgotothemovies.—Whynot?【拓展】提建议的句型You/Wehadbetterdosth.你(们)/我们最好做某事。What/Howabout?怎么样？Shallwedo?我们做好吗？Let’sdo?我们做吧。I’mnotgoodatwriting.begoodat____________________ begoodwith_____________________begoodfor____________________ begood/kind/friendlyto_____________________【活学活用】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。Myfriendisgood___________geography.Sheknowsalotabouttheearth.TheEnglishteacherisverygood________herstudents.Theyalllikeher.Eatingmorevegetablesisgood________yourhealth.Lindaisverygood________oldpeopleandsheoftenvolunteersattheoldpeople’shome.Theyhavequicklydinner,andthenit’stimeforhomework.句型“It’stimeforsth.”意为“到的时候了”。类似句型It’stime(forsb.)todosth.意为“到某人该做某事的时间了”。【活学活用】翻译以下句子。该吃午饭了。________________________________________到了你做家庭作业的时间了。________________________________________until/sothat/although引导让步状语从句Until引导时间状语从句作连词，意为“直到……”，后接从句，引导时间状语从句。until用在肯定句中，多与持续性的动词连用。如stand/wait/stay等，表示主句动作的终止时间。例如：Iwillwaithereuntilyoucomeback.until可用于否定句中，即not…until…意为“直到……才”，常与非延续性动词连用。如open/start/leave/arrive等，强调主句动作开始的时间。例如：Thechilddidn’tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.【拓展】until作介词，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。Shewaitedthereuntil9o’clock.sothat引导目的状语从句sothat，作连词，意为“为的是；以便”，引导目的状语从句只能放在主句的后面，例如：