高一英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件

一.句子成分二.五种基本句型

提纲

2013-03-2911/7/20221提纲11/3/20221Sentenceelements谓语(v)定语(Attr)主语(s)宾语(IO,O)状语(Ad)补语(Cs,Co)主语谓语Vtlink-VVi宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Revision表语(P)11/7/20222Sentenceelements谓语定语主语宾语

一、句法基础知识

201303-2911/7/20223一、句法基础知识11/3/20223一、句法基础知识一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。二、成分分析1、主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主题，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句，主语谓语谓语、助动词和情态动词后面。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：11/7/20224一、句法基础知识一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句Chinesehasbecomemoreandmorepopular.

TheyoftenspeakEnglishinclass.

Two-thirdsofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.名词代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词主语从句形式主语11/7/20225Chinesehasbecomemoreandmo2、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1）简单谓语：有一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如：Youarestudents.11/7/202262、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句3.表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般位于系动词（如：be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(）Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.ThreetimessevenistwentyoneHisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.名词(代词形容词数词不定式动名词介词短语11/7/202273.表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般位于系动词（如Timeisup.Theclassisover.

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4、宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般谓语及物动词和介词的后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.(名词）Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.(代词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(数词）副词）表语从句11/7/20228Timeisup.Theclassisover.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词）

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语）

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语）

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句）宾语的种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）如：Lendme

yourdictionary,please.(2)复合宾语（宾语+宾补）如:Theyelectedhim

theirmonitor.11/7/20229Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeir5.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.名词形容词副词动词不定式11/7/2022105.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还Wesawherenteringtheroom.

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.6.定语：修饰名词或代词的词或短语或从句称为定语。定于可以有下列成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.现在分词介词短语从句形容词分词名词11/7/202211Wesawherenteringtheroom.

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(动词不定式）Theteachingplanforthenexttermhasbeenworkedout.Heisreading

anarticleabouthowtolearn

English.7.

状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）动名词介词短语11/7/202212HisrapidprogressinEnglishHeisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语）Waitaminute.(名词）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句）状语种类如下：11/7/202213HeisproudtohavepassedtheHowaboutmeetingagainatsix?Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.ShecameinwithadictionaryinherhandInordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.时间状语原因状语条件状语地点状语方式状语伴随状语目的状语结果状语11/7/202214HowaboutmeetingagainatsiSheworksveryhardthoughsheisveryold.Iamtallerthanheis.让步状语比较状语11/7/202215Sheworksveryhardthoughshe二.高中英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件

2013--03-2911/7/202216二.高中英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件11/3/2Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1weregoinghomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.Michael

brokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.语篇引入：11/7/202217Therewasanaccidentwhic

Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1wenthomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.MichaelbrokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.语篇引入：11/7/202218Therewasanaccidentwhic

英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：

基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）

基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）

基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

基本句型五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）演绎语法：11/7/202219英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千五种基本句型与Therebe..（１）主＋谓

Theyareworkinghard.（２）主＋谓＋宾

Iforgot

tomailtheletteryesterday.（３）主＋谓＋宾＋宾He

gave

meanewbicycle.（４）主＋系＋表

He

isauniversitystudent.（５）主＋谓＋宾＋宾补

KarlMarx

made

Londonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.（6）Therebe+主语

Thereis

aholeinthewall.11/7/202220五种基本句型与Therebe..（１）主＋谓T各种词类及其在句子中的作用：

1.Nouns(n.)名词：-----主语(S)，宾语(O)，表语(P)等

2.Verbs(v.)动词----谓语(V)

（vt.及物动词/vi.不及物动词）3.Pronouns（pron.)代词：----主语，宾语，表语等e.g.Katehasapiano.Shelikesitverymuch.

____S___V_______O___S___V

__O

11/7/202221各种词类及其在句子中的作用：________________4.Adjectives(adj.)形容词：----定语(At.)表语（P）e.g.Theovercoatisverybeautiful.Thisisaverybeautifulovercoat.5.Adverbs(adv.)副词：------状语（Ad.)6.Numerals(num.)数词：------定语，表语，主语等e.g.25(desks)______(be)enough.7.Articles(art.)冠词：一般不单独构成句子成分

(At.)(P)is11/7/2022224.Adjectives(adj.)形容词：(At8.Prepositions(prep.)介词（in,at,on,…)

prep.+n.介词短语-----状语(Ad.),表语等e.g.Wecanseethebikeunderthetree.9.Conjunctions(conj.)连词(and,or,but,so…)一般不构成成分，仅起连接作用10.Interjections(interj.)感叹词(ah,oh,yeah…)一般不构成成分，起加强语气作用11/7/2022238.Prepositions(prep.)介词（in英语基本句型-------1主谓结构11/7/202224英语基本句型11/3/202224基本句型1--主谓结构

此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。11/7/202225基本句型1--主谓结构11/3/2022251主谓结构

本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirst

bus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weak

buildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.11/7/2022261主谓结构如:1.TheredsunrisesiＳＶ（不及物动词）

1.Time

2.Themoon

3.She4.They

5.He6.I

7.They8.He9.He10.Theyflies.rose.

singsbeautifully.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterdaywoke.

talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterday.isplaying.havegone.11/7/202227ＳＶ（不及物动词）1练习11鸟在飞翔。2她的宝宝在哭。3太阳正在落山。4谁也没笑。Birdsareflying.Herbabyiscrying.Thesunissetting.Noonelaughed.11/7/202228练习11鸟在飞翔。Birdsareflying.He练习25你唱得很美。6我咳了一夜。7我们很少在外边吃饭。8昨天发生了事故。Yousingbeautifully.Icoughedallnight.

Weseldomdineout.Theaccidentoccurredyesterday.

11/7/202229练习25你唱得很美。Yousingbeautifull主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.11/7/202230如:1.Theredsunrisesinthe(主语+不及物动词)扩展和修饰Theboyspoketohisteacher.Thelittleboyspokeloudlytohisteacher.TheboynamedTomspoketohismathteacherinalowvoice.ThelittleboycalledTomspoketohisChineseteacher.11/7/202231(主语+不及物动词)扩展和修饰Theboyspoketyesterdayevening.

hepasttenyears.in1919.1．她昨天回家很晚。2．会议将持续两个小时。3．在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。4．1919年，（在）北京爆发了“五.四”运动。ShewenthomeverylateThemeetingwilllast

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownTheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijing

巩固练习：11/7/202232yesterdayevening.twohours.iinthemorning.

toborrowbooks.tothesouth.

fiveyearsago.fivekilos.

everyday.

5．每天八时开始上课。6．这个盒子重五公斤。7．五年前我住在北京。8．秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。9．我的爷爷早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。ClassesbeginateightThisboxweighsIlivedinBeijingsomebirdsflyInautumn,MygrandfathergetsupearlyalotofstudentscomeEveryafternoon

tothelibrary11/7/202233inthemorning.toborrowbook11.会议有可能开两个半小时.12.我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边.13.她盼望已久的机会终于到来了.14.正在睡觉的婴儿笑了.Themeetingwilllasttwoandahalfhours.TheschoollieswhereIstudybythebeautifullake.Thechancecamewhichshewantedtogetforalongtimeatlast.Thebaby

smiles.sleeping11/7/20223411.会议有可能开两个半小时.Themeetingwil英语基本句型-----2主系表结构11/7/202235英语基本句型11/3/202235

基本句型2

Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

此句型的句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。11/7/202236基本句型211/3/20英语基本句型-2主系表结构

本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的

be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;

11/7/202237英语基本句型-2主系表结构11/3/202237OurEnglishteacheristhirtyyearsold.Thecaketastesdelicious.

Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.

Deepwaterstaysstill.11/7/202238OurEnglishteacheristhirty练习11今天我感觉不太舒服。2他看上去很累。3你的汤味道很好。4她似乎对计划不感兴趣。Idon’tfeelverywelltoday.Helooksverytired.Yoursouptastesverygood.Shedoesn’tseemveryinterestedintheplan.

11/7/202239练习11今天我感觉不太舒服。Idon’tfeelve

5天越来越冷了。6孩子不久就睡着了。7他长得相当高了。8听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。It’sgettingcold.

Soonthechildfellasleep.Shewentpaleatthenews.Hehasgrownquitetall.11/7/2022405天越来越冷了。It’sgett(主语+连系动词+表语)扩展和修饰Thesouptastesgood.Tooursurprise,Thesouptastesgood.Thesouptastesgood,whichisbeyondourexpectation.Franklyspeaking,Thesouptastesgood.Tobehonest,Thesouptastessogoodastosurpriseeveryone.11/7/202241(主语+连系动词+表语)扩展和修饰Thesouptast巩固练习：1．冬季白天短，夜晚长。2．十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。3．孩子们很少保持安静。4．她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.Childrenseldomkeepquiet.

Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.11/7/202242巩固练习：Inwinter,thedaysares5．他失业了。6．树叶已经变黄了7．这个报告听起来很有意思Heisoutofwork.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.Thereportsoundsinteresting11/7/2022435．他失业了。Heisoutofwork.The1.AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.主系表句型的几个特例：2.Wearegreatlysurprisedtomeethimthere.3.Itisnotagoodideatospendyourvacationwithstrangers.4.Itiskindofyoutosayso.5.Itisnoteasyforthemtogotherebybike.6.IsitTomwhoisplayingthepiano?7.Itisafactthattheycan’tpasstheexam.11/7/2022441.AsinChina,theweatheris英语基本句型----3主谓宾结构11/7/202245英语基本句型11/3/202245

基本句型3

Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）

此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。11/7/202246基本句型311/3/20224英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构

本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：1.Tommadeaholeinthewall.2.Idon’tknowifhecancometomorrow.3.Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretogonext.4.ShestoppedteachingEnglishtwoyearsago.5.Ittookthemtenyearstobuildthedam.7.Motherpromisestogivemeapresent.11/7/202247英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构本结构是由主语+及物的谓语ＳＶ（实义动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He8.He5.They6.I7.Hetheanswer?her.

English.

cakes.

someapples.tohaveacupoftea.

Goodmorning.

knowslaughsat

understandsmadeatewant

said11/7/202248ＳＶ（实义动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Whotheans(主语+及物动词+宾语)扩展和修饰Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday,whichdisappointedmymumsomuch.11/7/202249(主语+及物动词+宾语)扩展和修饰Iforgottom1．昨晚我写了一封信。2．今天下午我想同你谈谈。3．这本书他读过多次了4．他们成功地完成了计划。5．那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

Iwrotealetterlastnight.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.Thatgentlemancanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.巩固练习：11/7/2022501．昨晚我写了一封信。2．今天下午我想同你谈谈。3．这本书他6．我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。7．Jim还不会自己穿衣服。8．我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。9.他不知道说什麽好。10.我开窗户你在意吗？

Ireceived

aletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.Jimcannotdresshimself.Allofusbelieve

thatJackisanhonestboy.

Hedidnotknowwhattosay.Doyoumind

myopeningthewindow?

11/7/2022516．我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。Ireceived英语基本句型----4双宾语结构11/7/202252英语基本句型11/3/202252英语基本句型4双宾语结构

说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：Hebringsmecookieseveryday.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。11/7/202253英语基本句型4双宾语结构11/3/202253(主语+及物动词+间接宾语

+直接宾语)扩展和修饰Grandmatoldmeastory.Asexpected,Grandmatoldmeastory.Grandmatoldmeastoryforthepurposeofcheeringmeup.Grandmatoldmeonestoryafter

another

inthehopeofcheeringmeup.11/7/202254(主语+及物动词+间接宾语

ＳＶ（及物）（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.Hepassed

cookedbrought

boughtshowed

gavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.11/7/202255ＳＶ（及物）（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.Shepassedh1．Johnson先生去年教我们德语。2．奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3．请把那本字典递给我好吗？4．他把车票给列车员看。

MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.Grandma

told

meaninterestingstorylastnight.Wouldyoupleasepass

methedictionary?Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.11/7/2022561．Johnson先生去年教我们德语。MrJohnso5．我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？6．新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7．他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣Shall

Icallyouataxi?Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.He

bought

anewcoatforhismotherwithhisfirstmonth’ssalary.11/7/2022575．我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？ShallIcallyou英语基本句型---5复合宾语结构11/7/202258英语基本句型11/3/202258英语基本句型5复合宾语结构说明:此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：Thesunkeepsuswarm.

Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.

TheymadeTommonitor.Heusedtodohishomeworkwithhisradioon.用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.11/7/202259英语基本句型5复合宾语结构11/3/202259ＳＶ（及物）O（宾语）OＣ（宾补）1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ithetablethedoor

supperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomeback.gettingonthebus.keeppaintedcallfound

makessawaskedsaw11/7/202260ＳＶ（及物）O（宾语）OＣ（宾补）1.Wethetab1．我们叫她Alice.2．我们大家都认为他是诚实的。

3．他们把小偷释放了。4．我要你把真相告诉我。5.卫兵命令我们立即离开。WecallherAlice.

Allofusconsideredhimhonest.Theyhavesetthethieffree.

Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.

巩固练习11/7/2022611．我们叫她Alice.WecallherAlice6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。

7．他每个月理一次发8．我们不会让她在晚上外出的。EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.

Hehashishaircutonceamonth.

Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.

9．那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了10．她正在听人家讲故事。Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.

Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.

11/7/2022626.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。Everymo11．我从来没看见这个字这样用过。12．他感到很难跟你交谈。

13．我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。14．学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。

Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.

Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.

Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.

11/7/20226311．我从来没看见这个字这样用过。Ihavenever英语基本句型----6

Therebe句型11/7/202264英语基本句型11/3/202264英语基本句型6Therebe句型

说明：此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词，而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如：Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.11/7/202265英语基本句型6Therebe句型11/3Be与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：现在有thereis/are…过去有therewas/were…将来有therewillbe…；thereis/aregoingtobe...现在已经有therehas/havebeen…可能有theremightbe...肯定有theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...过去曾经有thereusedtobe…似乎有thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe…11/7/202266Be与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和Therebe+主语(例句)TherewasabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.ThereseemedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherewassaidtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherehappenedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.Therecouldn’thavebeenabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.11/7/202267Therebe+主语(例句)Therewasa巩固练习：1．这个村子过去只有一口井。

2．客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。

3．天气预报说下午有大风。

4．灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。

5．战前这儿一直有家电影院的.AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.

Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneintheoffice.

Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.11/7/202268巩固练习：Amongthegueststherewe6．恰好那时房里没人。7．从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。8．公共汽车来了。9．就只剩下二十八美元了。10．铃响了。

Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroomatthattime.

Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.Therecomesthebus.Thereremainedonlytwenty–eightdollars.Theregoesthebell.11/7/2022696．恰好那时房里没人。T广州培英中学简介地理位置位于广州荔湾区西部，占地面积近20多万平方米。历史1879年由美国那夏礼博士（DoctorRev.Henry）创办组成大约有学生近8000人，教职员工500多人。特色环境舒适安静，教学设备先进，是广州地区规模最大的寄宿制学校(boardingschool)之一。培英正在为祖国的教育事业做出奉献。主题习作：11/7/202270广州培英中学简介地理位置位于广州荔湾区西部，占地面积近20多Onepossibleversion:

LocatedinthewesternpartofLiwanDistrict,PeiyingMiddleSchoolisoneofthelargestboardingschoolsinGZ.Itwasfounded

byDoctorRev.Henryin1879withahistoryofmorethan128years.Peiying,whichcoversatotalareaofnearly200,000squaremeters,has

approximately8000studentsaswellas500teachersandstaff.11/7/202271Onepossibleversion:LocOnepossibleversion:Withitsadvancedteachingfacilities,Peiyingoffersthestudentsacomfortableandquietenvironment.Nowitismakinggreateffortstocontributetotheeducationofourhomeland.11/7/202272Onepossibleversion:Wit一.句子成分二.五种基本句型

提纲

2013-03-2911/7/202273提纲11/3/20221Sentenceelements谓语(v)定语(Attr)主语(s)宾语(IO,O)状语(Ad)补语(Cs,Co)主语谓语Vtlink-VVi宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Revision表语(P)11/7/202274Sentenceelements谓语定语主语宾语

一、句法基础知识

201303-2911/7/202275一、句法基础知识11/3/20223一、句法基础知识一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。二、成分分析1、主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主题，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句，主语谓语谓语、助动词和情态动词后面。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：11/7/202276一、句法基础知识一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句Chinesehasbecomemoreandmorepopular.

TheyoftenspeakEnglishinclass.

Two-thirdsofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.名词代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词主语从句形式主语11/7/202277Chinesehasbecomemoreandmo2、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1）简单谓语：有一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如：Youarestudents.11/7/2022782、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句3.表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般位于系动词（如：be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(）Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.ThreetimessevenistwentyoneHisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.名词(代词形容词数词不定式动名词介词短语11/7/2022793.表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般位于系动词（如Timeisup.Theclassisover.

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4、宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般谓语及物动词和介词的后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.(名词）Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.(代词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(数词）副词）表语从句11/7/202280Timeisup.Theclassisover.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词）

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语）

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语）

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句）宾语的种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）如：Lendme

yourdictionary,please.(2)复合宾语（宾语+宾补）如:Theyelectedhim

theirmonitor.11/7/202281Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeir5.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.名词形容词副词动词不定式11/7/2022825.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还Wesawherenteringtheroom.

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.6.定语：修饰名词或代词的词或短语或从句称为定语。定于可以有下列成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.现在分词介词短语从句形容词分词名词11/7/202283Wesawherenteringtheroom.

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(动词不定式）Theteachingplanforthenexttermhasbeenworkedout.Heisreading

anarticleabouthowtolearn

English.7.

状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）动名词介词短语11/7/202284HisrapidprogressinEnglishHeisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语）Waitaminute.(名词）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句）状语种类如下：11/7/202285HeisproudtohavepassedtheHowaboutmeetingagainatsix?Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.ShecameinwithadictionaryinherhandInordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.时间状语原因状语条件状语地点状语方式状语伴随状语目的状语结果状语11/7/202286HowaboutmeetingagainatsiSheworksveryhardthoughsheisveryold.Iamtallerthanheis.让步状语比较状语11/7/202287Sheworksveryhardthoughshe二.高中英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件

2013--03-2911/7/202288二.高中英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件11/3/2Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1weregoinghomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.Michael

brokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.语篇引入：11/7/202289Therewasanaccidentwhic

Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolw