考研考博-英语-广西科技师范学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西科技师范学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused,itsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin"slices",

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmayonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradiopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureoftissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（

）.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

问题2选项

A.Two-dimensional

B.Three-dimensional

C.Animated

D.Intensified

问题3选项

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

问题4选项

A.Cautious

B.Tolerant

C.Enthusiastic

D.Critical

问题5选项

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。第三段指出:Inaddition，conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs(另外，传统X光射线通常只能在骨头和空隙之间做出区分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A项“骨头和空隙”。

2.判断推理题。题干问的是:身体相邻交叉部位可能成什么样的像？第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，传统的二维X光射线成像不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑),因此B项“三维的”正确。

3.判断推理题。题干问的是:和传统X光射线相比,计算机断层扫描更加…。第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，传统的二维X光射线成像不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑),Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles(计算机断层扫描可以通过测量从数百个不同角度穿过身体截面的X线的强度变化来重新构建身体内部的图像)。由此可知D项“能提供更多信息”正确。

4.观点态度题。文章通篇在讲计算机断层扫描相比传统X光射线的优点。最后一句话指出:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即计算机断层扫描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者对于断层扫描的态度是肯定的。故选C。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词computedtomography定位至最后一段:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即计算机断层扫描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。因此A项“监控患者的疾病”,B项“诊断疾病”和C项“定位肿瘤位置”都正确。故选D。

2.单选题

Itissaidinsomepartsoftheworld,goats,ratherthancows,serveasavital（

）ofmilk.

问题1选项

A.storage

B.source

C.reserve

D.resource

【答案】B

【解析】句意:据说，在世界上某些地方，牛奶的重要来源是山羊，而不是奶牛。

名词辨析。Storage存储，仓库;source来源;reserve储备，储存;resource资源，财力。因此B符合句意。

3.单选题

Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto（）theconsequences.

问题1选项

A.answerfor

B.stepinto

C.abideby

D.runinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。answerfor“对……负责”；stepinto“进入”;abideby“遵守”；runinto“遭遇，陷入”。前半句提到“他没有履行合同的一些条款”，因此他需要对此负责，选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Healwaysdidwellatschool（）havingtodopart-timejobseverynowandthen.

问题1选项

A.inspiteof

B.regardlessof

C.onaccountof

D.incaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项inspiteof“尽管”；B项regardlessof“不考虑，不顾”；C项onaccountof“因为，由于”；D项incaseof“如果发生……，万一……”；然后我们带入句子发现只有A选项符合。句意为：尽管他不得不时不时地做些兼职工作，但他在学校总是表现很好。

5.单选题

Theeveofthehurricaneappearstobetranquil.

问题1选项

A.calm

B.noisy

C.spiral

D.transparent

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.calm平静的B.noisy吵闹的

C.spiral螺旋形的D.transparent透明的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】划线词前面部分的语义为“飓风来临的前夕似乎是____”，由此可知，该词是形容飓风来临之前的情况的，根据常识可知，暴风雨来临之前都是平静的，A选项calm“平静的”最符合原句语义衔接。原词tranquil“平静的”。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】飓风来临的前夕似乎很平静。

6.单选题

Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas（）inashortperiodoftime.

问题1选项

A.beingcreated

B.tohavebeencreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.tobecreated

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们的现代文明不应该被认为是在短时间内创造出来的。根据civilization被create确定用被动语态，根据create的动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且将持续下去确定用现在完成时，C选项havingbeencreated符合题意。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

问题1选项

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项boundariesn.界限，分界线，边界；B选项rangesn.里程，范围；C选项bordersn.边界，边缘地区；D选项limitsn.范围，限制，领土。句意：这样的委婉用法在文体结构上是可以的，但前提是要在有限范围内使用。根据句意可知，D项符合题意。因此，D项是正确答案。

8.单选题

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

问题1选项

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。obsessedwith沉迷于；negotiatedwith与…协商；compromisedwith向（某人）妥协；providedwith给…提供。句意：这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足，只关心钱。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Thebeliefthattheuniverseisimprovingandthatgoodwill（）triumphoverevilprevails.

问题1选项

A.ultimately

B.conclusively

C.feasibly

D.terminally

【答案】A

【解析】ultimately最后，根本，基本上；conclusively最后地，决定性地；feasibly可行地；terminally最后，在末端，致命地。句意：宇宙正在进步，正义终将战胜邪恶的信念盛行。选项A符合句意。

10.单选题

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous-coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandinimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities,there'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff,thecitybreedsafeelingofisolationandconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecenterofthings,andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring"morning"tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere'smycat,Toby.I'mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor

（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuytothefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages

（

）.

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?（

）.

问题1选项

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

问题2选项

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

问题3选项

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

问题4选项

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

问题5选项

A.Yes,hewilldoso.

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell.

D.Heisintwominds.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.（我设法说服自己，如果不是因为工作的缘故，我将马上搬到开阔的农村，回到隐藏在宁静的村庄）可知作者在城市工作，因此选C。

第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段中nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother与B选项对应；Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats与C选项对应；theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld与D选项对应，因此选A。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第三段中Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.（购物成了一个大问题，对于任何不寻常的东西，你必须远征到最近的大城市）可知选C，其他选项都为平常的东西。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第四段中Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.（他们大概和他们留下的塑料花一样，没有感受，他们的脑子里充满了关于改变和改进农村的奇怪想法，并将这些强加给不愿接受的原始居民）可知D选项“麻木不仁的”最恰当。这里是将这些人和塑料花进行比较，他们只知道一味的强加，并不在意当地人的感受，所以说和塑料花一样麻木不仁。所以选项D正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中I’mkeenontheidea,but...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.可知作者以他的猫为例，认为它不一定会适应农村生活，更喜欢待在城里，间接表达了自己不会去农村生活，因此选B。

11.单选题

Itseemsverydifficult______.

问题1选项

A.tostopthechildtocry

B.stoppingthechildtocry

C.stopthechildcrying

D.tostopthechildcrying

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.tostopthechildtocry去阻止孩子哭B.stoppingthechildtocry阻止孩子哭

C.stopthechildcrying阻止孩子哭D.tostopthechildcrying去阻止孩子哭

【答案】D

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】根据关键词difficult（困难的）可知，difficulttodosth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事是困难的”，而stopdoing/todosth.也是固定搭配，但是stopdoingsth.表示“停止正在做的事情”，stoptodosth.是“停止正在干的事情去干另一件”；根据选项意思可知，空格处应该表示“阻止孩子哭”。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

B、C项不符合固定搭配；

A项不符合句子意思。

【句意】似乎很难让这孩子不哭。

12.单选题

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

问题2选项

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

问题3选项

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

问题4选项

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

问题5选项

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段最后两句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多数政府承诺提供普遍的初等教育以及促进中等教育的发展。但即使公立学校存在，它们通常还是失败了。”再根据第一段前面的内容可推断，发展中国家的政府没有履行他们的承诺，没有建立足够的公立学校。选项B符合原文；选项A和选项C在文中没有提及；选项D是私立学校繁荣的原因之一，不符合题意。所以只有选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”联合国教育特别报告员KishoreSingh曾表示：“为了捍卫教育的崇高事业，不应该允许营利性教育。”这是对原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府组织往往在意识形态上反对私营部门”的解释，说明非政府组织反对私营机构的理由。因此选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据原文倒数两段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立学校通常比公立学校更物有所值。”也就是能够充分利用资金。“privateschoolsareinnovative.”私立学校具有创新性。所以选项C符合原文。选项A显然不是私立学校超越公立学校的原因；选项B在文中没有提及；选项D表述过于片面。

4.判断推理题。根据最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不应该打击私营教育，而应该大力发展私营教育。”由此可推断，作者认为私营教育是符合社会发展的需求的。选项A正确。选项B与作者的观点不符；选项C在文中没有提及；选项D表述过于绝对。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，作者首先指出了发展中国家政府在公立教育方面的失败，接着提到私营教育的发展，政府反对私营教育，而作者认为应该大力发展私营教育，所以本文的主要内容是讨论支持还是反对私营教育。选项B最为恰当。

13.单选题

Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.

Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.Butfailurebyotherresearcherstoconfirmsuchfindingshasledskepticstospeculatethatthepatientswhorememberedtheseeventsmightbrieflyhaveregainedconsciousnessinthecourseofoperations.

GittaLubke,PeterSebelandcolleaguesatEmoryUniversityinAtlantameasuredthedepthofanesthesiausingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation,saysLubke.

Lubkestudied96traumapatientsundergoingemergencysurgery,manyofwhomweretooseverelyinjuredtotoleratefullanesthesia.Duringsurgery,eachpatientworeheadphonesthroughwhichaseriesof16wordswasrepeatedfor3minuteseach.Atthesametime,bispectralanalysisrecordedthedepthofanesthesia.

Aftertheoperation,Lubketestedthepatientsbyshowingthemthefirstthreelettersofaword,suchas“lim-”,andaskingthemtocompleteit.Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“limit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.Noneofthepatientshadanyconsciousmemoryofhearingthewordlists.

Unconsciousprimingwasstrongestforwordsplayedwhenpatientsweremostlightlyanaesthetized.Butitwasstatisticallysignificantevenwhenpatientswerefullyanaesthetizedwhenthewordwasplayed.

ThisfindingwhichwillbepublishedinthejournalAnesthesiologycouldmeanthatoperatingtheatrestaffshouldbemorediscreet.“Whattheysayduringsurgerymaydistresspatientsafterwards,”saysPhilipMerikle,apsychologistattheUniversityofWaterloo,Ontario.

1.Scientistshavefoundthatdeepanesthesia______.

2.Bythenewstudythetechniqueofbyspectralanalysishelpsthescientists______.

3.Totestthepatientsthescientists______.

4.Theresultsfromthenewstudyindicatethatitwaspossibleforthepatients______.

5.Whatwecaninferfromthefindingis______.

问题1选项

A.islikelytoaffecthearing

B.cannotblocksurgeon’swords

C.cancauseseriousdamagestomemory

D.helpstoretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

问题2选项

A.acquireanaveragemeasurementofbrainwavechangesoverthewholesurgery

B.decidewhetherthepatientwouldretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

C.relatetheirmeasurementsandrecordingstotheverbalsoundsduringsurgery

D.assurethedepthofanesthesiaduringsurgery

问题3选项

A.preparedtwolistsofwords

B.usedninety-sixheadphonesforlistening

C.conductedthewholeexperimentforthreeminutes

D.voicedonlythefirstthreelettersofsixteenwordsduringsurgery

问题4选项

A.toregainconsciousnessundertheknife

B.totellonewordfromanotheraftersurgery

C.torecallwhathadbeenheardduringsurgery

D.tooverreacttodeepanesthesiainthecourseofoperation

问题5选项

A.howsurgeonmalpracticecanbeprevented

B.whyasurgeoncannotbetoocareful

C.whysurgeonsshouldholdtheirtonguesduringsurgery

D.howthepostoperativepatientscanretainsubconsciousmemories

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一项新的研究表明，即使病人没有醒来，他们也能回忆起在全身麻醉下听到的声音。）”也就是说，全麻不会阻止病人听到医生说的话，所以B选项“不能阻挡外科医生的话”符合原文。A选项“可能影响听力”和C选项“会对记忆造成严重损害”文章没有提及；D选项“帮助保持有意识或潜意识的记忆”中的“帮助”表述不当，所以不正确。因此B选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据第二段“Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.（过去30年里的几项研究报告称，人们可以对手术过程中发生的事情保持有意识或潜意识的记忆。）”和第三段“...usingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.（使用双谱分析技术测量了麻醉深度，这种技术可以测量手术过程中大脑额叶中脑电波模式的变化。）”可知双谱分析技术是帮助科学家们决定病人是保留有意识的记忆还是潜意识的记忆，所以B选项“判断病人是否会保留有意识的记忆或潜意识的记忆”正确。由第三段“Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation（在这项研究之前，研究人员只对整个手术进行了平均测量）”可知A选项“获得整个手术期间脑电波变化的平均测量值”说法错误；C选项“将他们的测量和录音与手术过程中的语音联系起来”和D选项“术中保证麻醉深度”不符合原文。因此B选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据第五段Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“limit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.（那些在手术中播放以这些字母开头的单词的患者——例如，“limit”——选择这个单词的频率比播放不同单词列表的患者平均高11%）可推断出有两个不同的单词表，所以A选项“准备了两份单词表”正确。B选项“使用了九十六个耳机听”；C选项“整个实验进行了三分钟”；D选项“在手术中只发声16个单词的前三个字母”都不符合原文，因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一项新的研究表明，即使病人没有醒来，他们也能回忆起在全身麻醉下听到的声音。）”可知对病人来说。回忆起手术期间听到的东西是有可能的，所以C选项“回忆手术中听到的一切”正确。A选项“在刀下恢复意识”；B选项“手术后说出一个词和另一个词”；D选项“在手术过程中对深度麻醉反应过度”都不符合原文，因此C选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段“...operatingthea