英语中级听力教程listen01

英语中级听カ物呈Uster。ThisIsYourLife1isoneofthemostpopularprogrammesonBritishandAmericantelevision.Everyweekafamouspersonisinvitedtoatelevisionstudio,withoutknowingthatheorshewillbethesubjectoftheprogramme.Thecomperemeetsthepersonoutsidethestudioandsays'Thisisyourlife!1Thepersonthenmeetsfriendsandrelativesfromhisorherpastandpresent.Studio4iswheretheprogrammeisrecorded.Theprogrammebeginsateighto'clock.It's6：45nowandthedirectorischeckingthepreparationswithhisnewproductionassistant(PA).Thesubjectoftonight'sshowwillbeanactor,JasonDouglas.Thecompere,asusual,willbeTenyDonovan.Director：Let'sjustcheckthearrangements.We'rebringingJasonDouglashereinastudiocaiHiethinkshe'scomingtoadiscussionprogramme!Thedriverhasbeentoldtoarriveatexactly7：55.New,theprogrammebeginsateighto'clock.AtthattimeJasonwillbewalkingtothestudio.TerryDonovanwillstarthisintroductionat8：01,andJasonwillarriveat8：02.Terrywillmeethimatthestudioentrance...Camera4willbethere.Thenhe'lltakehimtothatseat.It'llbeonCamera3.Jasonwillbesittingthereduringthewholeprogramme.FormostoftheshowTerrywillbestandinginthemiddle,andhe'llbeonCamera2.Theguestswillcomethroughthatdoor,talktoTerryandJason...andthensitoverthere.Director：Now,isthatallclear?PA：Yes...there'sjustonething.Director：Well,whatisit?PA：Who'sgoingtolookaftertheguestsduringtheshow?Director：Paulineis.PA：Andwherewilltheybewaitingduringtheshow?Director：InRoom401,asusual.Paulinewillbewaitingwiththem,andshe'llbewatchingtheshowonthemonitor.She'lltellthemtwominutesbeforetheyenter.PA：Ithinkthat'severything.Terry：Goodeveningandwelcometo'ThisisYourLife'.ThisisTenyDonovanspeaking.We'rewaitingforthesubjectoftonight'sprogramme.He'soneoftheworid'sleadingactors,andhethinkshe'scomingheretotakepartinadiscussionprogramme...Icanhearhimnow...yes,hereheis!JasonDouglas...Thisisyourlife!Jason：Oh,no...Idon'tbelieveit!Notme...Teny：Yes,you!Nowcomeoverhereandsitdown.Jason,youwerebomatnumber28BalaclavaStreetinEastHam,LondononJuly2nd,1947.Youwereoneofsixchildren,andyourfatherwasataxidriver.Ofcourse,yournamewasthenGrahamSmith.Teny：Now,doyouknowthisvoice?'IrememberJasonwhenhewastwo.Heusedtoscreamandshoutallday.'Jason：Susan!Teny：Yes...allthewayfromSydney,Australia...Sheflewherespeciallyforthisprogramme.It'syoursister,SusanFraser!Jason：Susan...Whydidn'tyoutellme...oh,thisiswonderful!Teny：Yes,youhaven'tseeneachotherfor13years...takeaseatnexttohim,Susan.Youstartedschoolattheageoffive,in1952,andin1958youmovedtoLaneEndSecondarySchool.Teny：Doyourememberthisvoice?'Smith!Stoplookingoutofthewindow!'Jason：Oh,no!It'sMr.Hooper!Teny：YourEnglishteacher,Mr.StanleyHooper.WasJasonagoodstudent,Mr.Hooper?Mr.Hooper：Eh?No,hewastheworstintheclass...buthewasabrilliantactor,eveninthosedays.Hecouldimitatealltheteachers?Teny：Thankyou,Mr.Hooper.YoucanspeaktoJason,later.Well,youwenttotheLondonSchoolofDramain1966,andleftin1969.In1973youwenttoHollywood.Terry：Doyouknowthisvoice?'HiJason...Canyourideahorseyet?'Jason：Maria!Teny：MariaMontrose...who'scomefromHollywoodtobewithyoutonight.Maria：Hello,Jason...it'sgreattobehere.Hello,Terry.JasonandIwereinamovietogetherin1974.Jasonhadtolearntorideahorse...Well,Jasondoesn'tlikehorsesverymuch.Jason：Likethem!I'mterrifiedofthem!Maria：Anyway,hepractisedfortwoweeks.Thenhewenttothedirector...itwasCharlesOrson...andsaid,'Whatdoyouwantmetodo?'Charlessaid,'Iwantyoutofalloffthehorse'.Jasonwasfurious.Hesaid,'What?Falloff!I'vebeenpractisingfortwoweeks...Icouldfalloffthefirstday...withoutanypractice!'Interviewer：Goodmorning,sir.I'mfromradiostationQRX,andIwonderifyou'dmindansweringafewquestionsforoursurveytoday.David：Uh...sure,whynot?Interviewer：What'syourname?David：Uh,mynameisDavidGeorge.Interviewer：David,whatdoyoudoforaliving?David：I'maprofessionalbaseballplayer.Interviewer：Fteally?David：Mm-hmm.Interviewer：That'sterrific.Whatdoyoudoforfun?David：Well,Iliketoreadtheclassics—youknow,Dickens,Shakespeare,...uh...bookslikethat.Interviewer：Fabulous.Andwhat'sthemostexcitingthingthat'shappenedtoyourecently?David：JustcallmeDad.MywifeandI...uh...hadourfirstbaby.Interviewer：Oh,(Yeah.Alittlegirl.)that'swonderful.David：Mm-hmm.Interviewer：Whodoyouadmiremostinthisworld?David：Well,Iadmiremywife...uh...she'sterrific.She'sgoingtobeagreatmother,greatmother.Interviewer：Terrific.Whatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyearsfromnow?David：Well,...uh...fiveyearsfromnowI'dliketobeafatheroffive.I'dliketohavebtsofkidsaroundthehouse.Interviewer：That'sfabubus.David：Yeah.Interviewer：Thanksverymuchfortalkingtous,David.David：Well,thankyou.Interviewer：Goodmorning.I'mfromradbstationQRX,andIwonderedifyou'dmindansweringafewquestionstodayforoursurvey.Suzanne：Notatall.Interviewer：What'syourname?Suzanne：SuzanneBrown.Interviewer：Suzanne,whatdoyoudoforaliving?Suzanne：I'malawyer.Interviewer：Alawyer?Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?Suzanne-1liketorun.Interviewer：Uh-huh.Running,like-Suzanne：Jogging.Interviewer：Jogging.Andwhat'sthemostexcitingthingthat'shappenedtoyourecently?Suzanne：IgottorunintheBostonMarathon.Interviewer：Congratulations.Andwhodoyouadmiremostintheworld?Suzanne：Oh,well,I'dhavetosayMartinLutherKing,Jr.Interviewer：Mmm,yes.Andwhatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyearsfromtoday?Suzanne：Well,dareIsaywintheBostonMarathon?Interviewer：Wonderful.Thanksabtfortalkingtoustoday,Suzanne.Suzanne：You'rewelcome.Interviewer：Goodmorning,sir.I'mfromradiostatbnQRX,andIwonderifyoucouldanswerafewquestionsforoursurveythismorning.Adolfo：Oh,yes,yes.Interviewer：What'syourname?Adolfo：MynameisAdolfoVasque乙Interviewer：Adolfo,whatdoyoudoforaliving?Adolfo：I'madancer.Interviewer：Adancer.Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?Adolfo：Iwatch...uh...musicalmovies.Interviewer：Musicalmovies.Andwhat'sthemostexcitingthingthat'shappenedtoyourecently?Adolfo：Oh,aboutsixyearsagoImovedtoUnitedStates,(Uh-huh.)andthat'squiteexcitingforme.Interviewer：Yes,thatisveryexciting.Whatdoyou—whodoyouadmiremostintheworld?Adolfo：Iadmireabt...urn...SophiaLoren,themovieactress.Interviewer：Iunderstandcompletely.(Mm-hmm.)Whatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyearsfromnow?Adolfo：IlikeverymuchwhatI'mdoingrightnow,soIreallywouldliketokeepdoingit.Interviewer：Verygood.(Mm-hmm.)Thanksforspeakingtoustoday,Adolfo.Adolfo：Okay.You'rewelcome.Interviewer：Goodmorning,Miss.I'mfromradbstationQRX,andIwonderifyoucouldanswerafewquestionsforoursurvey.Linda：Sure.Interviewer：What'syourname?Linda：LindaMontgomery.Interviewer：Linda,whatdoyoudoforaliving?Linda：Uh,well,rightnowI'mgoingtobeautyschool.Interviewer：Beautyschool?Linda：Yeah.Interviewer：Uh-huh.Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?Linda：Oh,whatforfun,Ihangoutwithmyfriends—youknow,goforpizza,stufflikethat.Interviewer：Iunderstand.What'sthemostexcitingthingthat'shappenedtoyourecently?Linda：Oh,thiswassogreat!(Yeah?)FourofmyfriendsandI,wewenttoaBruceSpringsteenconcert.Weactually—wegottickets.Interviewer：Wonderful.Linda：Itwasthebest.Interviewer：Whodoyouadmiremostintheworld?Linda：WhodoIadmi—Iguess(Mm-hmm.)mydad.(Uh-huh.)probablymydad.Yeah.Interviewer：Andwhatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyearsfromnow?Linda：IwouldloveitifIcouldhavemyownbeautysalon.Interviewer：Uh-huh.Linda：Thatwouldbegreat.Interviewer：Thanksverymuchfortalkingtoustoday.Linda：Okay.Announcer：Andnow,at10：50it'stimefor"InYourOwnWords",inwhichweinterviewpeoplewithunusualstoriestotell.HeretointroducetheprogrammeisPatriciaNewell.Goodmorning,Patricia.Patricia：Goodmorning,andgoodmorningeveryone.Withmeinthestudionowisthismorning'sguest,TrevorCartridge.Goodmorning,Trevor.Trevor：Goodmorning,Patricia.Patricia：Trevor,youhaveoneofthemostunusualstoriesI'veeverheard.Yet,nowadays,youseemtoleadaveryordinaiylife.Trevor：Yes,Patricia.I'madentist.IliveandwofkinLondon.Patricia：Butatonetimeyouusedtohaveadifferentjob?Trevor：Yes,Iwasasoldier.Patricia：Asoldier?Trevor：That'sright.Patricia：Andhowlongagowasthat?Trevor：Oh,abouttwothousandyearsago.Patricia：That'sright.TrevorCartridgebelievesthathewasasoldierinthearmyofJuliusCaesar.HerememberscomingtoBritainwiththeRomanarmytwothousandyearsago.Trevor,tellusyourremarkablestory...inyourownwords!Trevor：Well,funnilyenough,itallbeganbecauseIwantedtogiveupsmoking.Patricia：Giveupsmoking!Trevor：Mm,IusedtosmoketoomuchandItriedtogiveupseveraltimes,butIalwaysstartedsmokingagainafewdayslater.IntheendIwenttoahypnotist.Hehypnotizedme,andIstoppedsmokingatonce.Iwasdelighted,asyoucanimagine.Patricia：Yes?Trevor：Thatmademeveryinterestedinhypnotism,andItalkedtothehypnotistaboutit.Hetoldmethatsomepeoplecouldremembertheirpastliveswhentheywerehypnotized,andheaskedifIwantedtotry.Ididn'tbelieveitatfirst,butintheendIagreed.Hehypnotizedme,andsureenough,Iremembered.IwasaRomansoldierinCaesar'sarmy.Patricia：Youdidn'tbelieveitatfirst?Trevor：Ididn'tbelieveitbeforewetriedtheexperiment.NowI'mabsolutelyconvincedit'strue.Patricia：Whatdoyouremember?Trevor：Oh,allkindsofthings,butthemostinterestingthingIrememberisthenightwelandedinBritain.Patricia：Yourememberthat?Trevor：Ohyes.Itwasaterrible,stormynight.Therewereahundredormoreofusintheboat.Wewereallshutin,becausetheweatherwassobadandmostpeopleweresick,becauseitwasverystuffy.Therewasaterriblesmellofpetrol.Iremember.LotsofmenthoughtweshouldgobacktoFrance.Itwasn'tcalled'France'then,ofcourse.Patricia：Andtherewasasmellofpetrol?Trevor：Yes,itwasterrible.Theweathergotworseandworse.Wethoughtweweregoingtodie.Intheendtheboatwaspushedupontothesands,andweclimbedout.Irememberjumpingintothewaterandstrugglingtothebeach.Thewaterwasuptomyshouldersanditwasafreezingnight.Alotofmenwerekilledbythecoldordrownedinthestoim,butImanagedtogetashore.Patricia：Youdid?Trevor：Yes.Therewereabouttensurvivorsfromourboat,buteventhenourtroublesweren'tover.Wefoundafarmhouse,butitwasdeserted.Whenthepeoplereadthenewspapers,andknewthatwewerecoming,theywereterrified.Theytookalltheiranimalsandalltheirfood,andranawayintothehills.Ofcourse,therewerenoproperroadsinthosedays.Well,wewentintothehouseandtriedtolightafire,butwecouldn'tevendothat.Wealwayskeptmatchesinourtrousers'pockets,sonaturallytheywereallsoaked.Wecouldn'tfindanythingtoeat,鉄ceptonetinofcatfood.Weweresohungry,webrokeitopenwithourknives,andateit.Wefoundatap.butthewaterwasfrozen.Intheendwedrankrainwaterfromthetin.Wesatveiyclosetogetherandtriedtokeepwarm.Wecouldhearwolvesbutwedidn'thaveanyweapons,becauseourgunswerefullofseawater.Bythemorning,thestormwasover.Wewentontothebeachandfoundwhatwasleftoftheboat.Wemanagedtofindsomefood,andwehopedtherewassomewinetoo,butwhenweopenedtheboxallthebottleswerebroken.Patricia：Sowhathappened?Trevor：Wewaited.Finallyanotherboatcameandtookusaway,andwejoinedtheothersoldiers.Iremembergoingintothecamp,andgettingahotmeal,anddeanclothes.Itwaswonderful.Weweregivenourpay,too.Irememberthedateonthecoins,50BC.Itwasanexcitingtime.Patricia：AnddidyoustayinBritain?Trevor：Ohyes,Iwashereforfiveyears,from50BCto55BC.IenjoyedmystayinBritainverymuch.Patricia：AndthenyouwentbacktoRome?Trevor：Ican'trememberanythingafterthat.Patricia：Well,TrevorCartridge,thankyoufortellingusyourstory,inyourownwords.Bob,doyouthinkyoucouldpossiblyturnoffthatradio?I'm(pause)tryingtowritealetter.A：Idon'twantadoubleroom.Iwantasingleroom.B：I'msorry,sir,butI'mafraid43(pause)istheonlysingleroomavailableatthemoment.A：Justlookwhatl,vegot.B：Letmesee.Fiftypounds!(pause)Whereonearthdidyougetit?A：OhbothertheSexDiscriminationAct.Surelytheycan'tforcemetotakeonamarriedwoman.B：Theycan'tforceyouto,Mr.Clark,but(pause)youmustn'tdiscriminateagainstsomeonejustbecausethey'remarried.A：I'mgladI'mnotaprincess.Itmustbeadreadfullife.B：Dreadful?(pause)Iwouldn'tmindbeingaprince.I'mareasonablyhard-workingperson.But(pause)I'mnotaworkaholic.⑺A：Hadyourbrotherbeennervousaboutithimself?B：Well,hedidn'tsay,butpossibly(pause)hehadbeen.TheKnowledgeBecomingaLondontaxidriverisn'teasy.InordertoobtainalicencetodriveataxiinLondon,candidateshavetopassadetailedexamination.Theyhavetolearnnotonlythestreets,landmarksandhotels,butalsothequickestwaytogetthere.Thisiscalled'TheKnowledge'byLondoncabdriversanditcantakeyearsofstudyandpracticetoget'TheKnowledge'.Candidatesareexaminednotonlyonthequickestroutesbutalsoonthequickestroutesatdifferenttimesoftheday.PeoplewhowanttopasstheexaminationspendmuchoftheirfreetimedrivingorevencyclingaroundLondon,studyingmapsandlearningthehugestreetdirectoiybyheart.TheUndergroundTravellingontheLondonunderground(the'tube')presentsfewdifficultiesforvisitorsbecauseoftheclearcobur-codedmaps.Itisalwaysusefultohaveplentyofsparechangewithyoubecausethereareoftenbngqueuesatthelargerstations.Ifyouhaveenoughchangeyoucanbuyyourticketfromamachine.Youwillfindsignswhichlistthestatbnsinalphabeticalorder,withthecorrectfares,nearthemachines.Thereareautomaticbarrierswhichareoperatedbythetickets.Youshouldkeeptheticket,becauseitischeckedatthedestinatbn.英语中级听カ物呈Usten02Inteiviewer：Isfilmeditingacomplicatedjob?FilmEditor：Ohyes,abtofpeopleprobablydon'tknowhowcomplicatedajobitcanbe.It'sfarmorethanjuststickingpiecesoffilmtogether.Inteiviewer：Howbngdoesittaketoeditafilm?FilmEditor：Well,itdepends.Youcanprobablyexpecttoedita10-minutefilminaboutaweek.A35-minutedocumentaiy,liketheoneI'meditingatpresent,takesaminimumoffourtofiveweekstoedit.Inteiviewer：Canyouexplaintomehowfilmeditingwoiks?FilmEditor：Therearedifferentsteps.'Synchingup',forexample.Interviewer：Whatdoyoumeanbysynchingup?FilmEditor：Itmeansmatchingsoundandpicturesandthatisusuallydonebymyassistant.Thefilmandthesoundtapehavenumbersstampedalongtheedgewhichhavetobematched.Thedetailsofthefilmandthesoundarealsorecordedinalogbook,soit'squickandeasytofindaparticulartakeanditssoundtrack.Thisoperationiscalledloggingandisagaindonebymyassistant.Interviewer：Sowhatdoyouusuallydoyourself?FilmEditor：Alotofthings,ofcourse.Rrst,Ihavetoviewallthematerialtomakeafirstselectionofthebesttakes.There'salotoffilmtolookthroughbecausetomakeasequenceworkthewayyouwant,youneedalotofshotstochoosefrom.Interviewer：Doesthatmeanthatyouhavetodiscardsequences?FilmEditor：Ohyes.Onaverageforeveryfootofeditedfilm,youneedtwelvetimesasmuchuneditedfilmandthereforeyouhavetocompromiseand,ofcourse,discardsomeofit.Interviewer：Whatdoyoudoafterselectingthematerial?FilmEditor：Rrstofall,Iprepareaninitialversionofthefilm,a'roughcut'asitiscalled.ThatmeansthatIactuallycutthefilmintopiecesandstickthemtogetheragainintheneworder.Interviewer：Andafterthis'roughcut'whathappens?RimEditor：Well,afterthe'roughcut1comesthe'finecut'whenthefilmtakesitsfinalfoim.Theproducerandthedirectorcomeinforaviewing.Somesmallchangesmaythenbenecessary,butwhenthe'finecut'hasbeenapprovedbyeveryone,thisisthefinalversionofthefilm.Inteiviewer：Atthispointisthefilmreadyfordistribution?RimEditor：Ohno.Afterthefinalversionofthefilmhasbeenapproved,thereisthedubbing,therearevoices,music,backgroundnoisesandsometimesspecialeffectstobeputtogetherforthesoundtrack.Andafterthedubbing,theeditedfilmissenttothe'neg'cutters.Inten/iewer：Whatdothe'neg'cuttersdo?RimEditor：Theycuttheoriginalnegativesonthefilms,sothatthesematchtheeditedfilmexactly.Andafterallthatcomesthebestpart—Icansitdownquietlywithmyfeetupandenjoywatchingthefilm!Man：Hi.Woman：Hi.Man：What'dyoudolastnight?Woman：IwatchedTV.TherewasareallygoodmoviecalledSoylentGreen.Man：SoylentGreen?Woman：Yeah.CharltonHestonwasinit.Man：What'sitabout?Woman：Oh,it'saboutlifeinNewYorkintheyear2022.Man：IwonderifNewYorkwillstillbeherein2022.Woman：Inthismovie,in2022...Man：Yeah?Woman：...NewYorkhasfortymillionpeople.Man：Ouch!Woman：Andtwentymillionofthemareunemployed.Man：HowmanypeopleliveinNewYorknow?Aboutsevenoreightmillion?Woman：Yeah,Ithinkthat'sright.Man：Mm-hmm.Youknow,ifit'shardenoughtofindanapartmentnowinNewYorkCity,what'sitgoingtobelikein2022?Woman：Well,inthismoviemostpeoplehavenoapartment.Sothousandssleeponthestepsofbuildings.(Uh-huh.)Peoplewhodohaveaplacetolivehavetocrawloversleepingpeopletogetinside.Andthereareshortagesofeverything.Thesoilissopollutedthatnothingwillgrow.(Ooo.)Andtheairissopollutedtheyneverseethesun.It'sreallyawful.Man：IthinkI'mgoingtoavoidgoingtoNewYorkCityintheyear2022.Woman：Andtherewasthisscenewherethestar,CharttonHeston,goesintoahousewheresomeveryrichpeoplelive.Man：Uh-huh.Woman：Hecan'tbelieveit,becausetheyhaverunningwaterandtheyhavesoap.Man：Really?Woman：Andthenhegoesintothekitchenandtheyhavetomatoesandlettuceandbeef.Healmostcriesbecausehe'sneverseenrealfoodinhislife,youknow,especiallythebeef.Itwasamazingforhim.Man：Well,ifmostpeoplehavenorealfood,whatdotheyeat?Woman：Theyeatsomethingcalledsoylent.Man：Soylent?Woman：Yeah.There'ssoylentredandsoylentyellowandsoylentgreen.Thefirsttwoaremadeoutofsoybeans.Butthesoylentgreenismadeoutofoceanplants.(Ugh.)Thepeopleeatitlikecrackers.That'salltheyhavetoeat.Man：Thatsoundsdisgusting.Woman：Wellyouknow,itreallyisn'tthatfarfromreality.Man：No?Woman：Yeah.Because,youknowthegreenhouseeffectthat'sbeginningnowandheatinguptheearth...Man：Oh,yeah,I'veheardaboutthat.Woman：...becausewe'reputtingthepollutantsintheatmosphere,youknow?Man：Mm-hmm.Woman：Imean,inthismovieNewYorkhasninetydegreesweatherallyearlong.Anditcouldreallyhappen.Uh...likenow,we...wehavefuelshortages.Andinthemoviethere'ssolittleelectricitythatpeoplehavetoridebicyclestomakeit.Man：Youknowsomething?Idon'tthinkthatmovieisatruepredictionofthefuture.Woman：Idon'tknow.Itscaresme.Ithinkitmightbe.Man：Really?Woman：Well,yeahThenativeAmericans,thepeoplewecallthe'Indians',hadbeeninAmericaformanythousandsofyearsbeforeChristopherColumbusarrivedin1492.ColumbusthoughthehadarrivedinIndia,sohecalledthenativepeopleIndians1.TheIndianswerekindtotheearlysettlers.Theywerenotafraidofthemandtheywantedtohelpthem.Theyshowedthesettlersthenewworldaroundthem:theytaughtthemaboutthebcalcropslikesweetpotatoes,comandpeanuts：theyintroducedtheEuropeanstochocolateandtotheturkey：andtheEuropeansdidbusinesswiththeIndians.Butsoonthesettlerswantedbiggerfarmsandmorelandforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.MoreandmoreimmigrantswerecomingfromEuropeandallthesepeopleneededland.SotheEuropeansstartedtotakethelandfromtheIndians.TheIndianshadtomovebackintothecentreofthecontinentbecausethesettlersweretakingalltheirland.TheIndianscouldn'tunderstandthis.TheyhadavefydifferentideaoflandfromtheEuropeans.FortheIndians,theland,theearth,wastheirmother.Everythingcamefromtheirmother,theland,andeverythingwentbacktoit.Thelandwasforeveryoneanditwasimpossibleforonemantoownit.HowcouldtheWhiteMandividetheearthintoparts?Howcouldheputfencesroundit,buyitandsellit?Naturally,whentheWhiteManstartedtakingalltheIndians'land,theIndiansstartedfightingback.Theywantedtokeeptheirland,theywantedtostoptheWhiteMantakingitallforhimself.ButtheWhiteManwasstrongerandcleverer.SlowlyhepushedtheIndiansintothosepartsofthecontinentthathedidn'twant—thepartswhereitwastoocoldortoodiyortoomountainoustolivecomfortably.By1875theIndianshadlostthefight：theywerelivinginspecialplacescalled'reservations'.ButevenheretheWhiteMantooklandfromthem-pertiapshewantedthewood,orperhapsthelandhadimportantmineralsinit.orheevenwantedtomakenationalparksthere.SoevenontheirreservationstheIndianswerenotsafefromtheWhiteMan.TherearemanyHollywoodfilmsaboutthefightbetweentheIndiansandtheWhiteMan.UsuallyinthesefilmstheIndiansarebadandtheWhiteManisgoodandbrave.Butwasitreallylikethat?Whatdoyouthink?DoyouthinktheIndianswererightorwrongtofighttheWhiteMan?Interviewer：Today,therearemorethan15millionpeoplelivinginAustralia.Only160,CXX)oftheseareAborigines,sowherehavetherestcomefrom?Well,until1850mostofthesettlerscamefromBritainandIrelandand.asweknow,manyofthesewereconvicts.Thenin1851somethinghappenedwhichchangedeverything.GoldwasdiscoveredinsoutheasternAustraliaDuringthenexttenyears,nearly700,000peoplewenttoAustraliatofindgoldandbecomerich.ManyofthemwereChinese.ChinaisquiteneartoAustralia.SincethenmanydifferentgroupsofimmigrantshavegonetoAustraliaformanydifferentreasons.TodayI'mgoingtotalktoMariowhosefamilycamefromItalyandtoHelenafromGreece.Mario,whendidthefirstItaliansarriveinAustralia?Mario：ThefirstItalianswentthere,liketheChinese,inthegold-rushes,hopingtofindgoldandbecomerich.Butmanyalsowentthereforpoliticalreasons.Duringthe1850sand1860sdifferentstatesinItalywerefightingforindependenceandsomeItalianswereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandsbecausetheywereindangerofbeingputinprisonforpoliticalreasons.Inteiviewer：IbelievethereareabtofItaliansinthesugarindustry.Mario：Yes,that'sright.In1891thefirstgroupof300ItalianswenttoworkinthesugarcanefieldsofnorthernAustralia.Theyworkedveryhardandmanysavedenoughmoneytobuytheirownland.InthiswaytheycametodominatethesugarindustryonmanypartsoftheQueenslandcoast.Interviewer：ButnotallItaliansworkinthesugarindustry,dothey?Mario：No.Alotofthemareinthefishingindustry.Italyhasalongcoastline,asyouknow,andItalianshavealwaysbeengoodfishermen.AttheendofthenineteenthcenturysomeofthesewenttowesternAustraliatomakeanewlifeforthemselves.Again,manyofthem,includingmygrandfather,weresuccessful.Interviewer：AndwhatabouttheGreeks,Helena?Helena：Well,theGreeksarethefourthlargestnationalgroupinAustralia,aftertheBritish,theIrishandtheItalians.MostGreeksarrivedaftertheSecondWorldWarbutinthe1860stherewerealreadyabout500GreekslivinginAustralia.Interviewer：SowhendidthefirstGreeksarrive?Helena：Probablyin1830,theywenttoworkinvineyardsinsoutheasternAustralia.TheGreekshavebeenmakingwineforcenturiessotheirexperiencewasveryvaluable.Interviewer：Butdidn'tsomeofthemgointothecoalmines?Helena：Yes,theyweren'tallabletoenjoythepleasantoutdoorlifeofthevineyards.SomeofthemwenttoworkinthecoalminesinSydney.Othersstartedcafesandbarsandrestaurants.By1890therewereGreekcafesandrestaurantsalloverSydneyandoutinthecountryside(orthebush,astheAustralianscallit)aswell.Inteiviewer：Andthen,asyousaid,manyGreeksarrivedaftertheSecondWorldWar,didn'tthey?Helena：Yes,yes,that'sright.ConditionsinGreecewereverybad：therewasverylittleworkandmanypeoplewereverypoor.Australianeededmoreworkersandsoofferedtopaytheboatfare.PeoplewhoalreadyhadmembersoftheirfamilyinAustraliatookadvantageofthisofferandwenttofindabetterlifethere.Interviewer：Well,thankyou,MarioandHelena.NextweekwewillbetalkingtoJuanfromSpainandMargaretfromScotland.A：Itdoesn'tsoundmuchlikedancingtome.B：Itis；it'sgreat.A：MorelikesomecompetitionintheOlympicGames.C：Yeah.It's(pause)goodexercise.Keepsyoufit.A：Butyoucan'tjuststartdancinginthestreetlikethat.B：Whynot?Wetaketheportablecassetterecorderandwhenwefindanicestreet,we(pause)turnthemusicupreallyloudandstartdancing.A：Wehavecompetitionstoseewhocandoitthefastestwithoutfallingover.Male'sthewinnersofar.B：Yeah,I'mthebest.Iteachtheothersbut(pause)theycan'tdoitlikemeyet.A：You'rereadinganewbook,John?B：Yes.Actually,(pause)it'saveryoldbook.A：Now,canyoudeliverallthistomyhouse?B：Certainly.Just(pause)writeyouraddressandI'llgettheboytobringthemround.A：Good.I'vemadeanicecuny.Ihopeyoudolikecurry?B：Yes,Ilovecuny,IusedtoworkinIndia,asamatteroffact.A：Fleally?Howinteresting.Youmust(pause)tellusallaboutitover