上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习及答案

上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习及答案上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习及答案上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习及答案V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习及答案日期：20xx年X月2014上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习2014上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习（一）Sleepisnotthesameeverynight.Weexperiencesomedeepsleepandsomeactivesleep(积极睡眠),whichiswhendreamshappen.Youmightthinksleepwalking(梦游)wouldhappeninactivesleep,butapersonisn'tphysicallyactived86activesleep.Sleepwalkingusuallyhappensinthefirstfewhoursofsleepinthestagecalledslow-wave(慢波)ordeepsleep.Notallsleepwalkersa87walk.Somesimplysituporstandinbedoractlikethey'reawakewhen,infact,they'reasleep!Most,however,dogetupandmovearoundforafewsecondsorforaslongashalfanhour.Sleepwalkers'e88areopen,buttheydon'tseethesamewaytheydowhenthey'reawakeandoftenthinkthey'reindifferentroomsofthehouseordifferentplacesaltogether.Sleepwalkerstend(往往会)togobacktobedontheirownandtheywon'tr89itinthemorning.Doctorssaysleepwalkingsometimesoccurswhenapersonissick,hasafever,isnotgettinge90sleep,orisstressed.Ifsleepwalkingoccursfrequently,everynightorso,it'sagoodideaforyourmomordadtotakeyoutoseeyourdoctor.Butoccasional(偶然的)sleepwalkinggenerallyisn'tsomethingtoworryabout,a91"itmaylookfunnyorevenscary(惊恐的)forthepeoplewhoseeasleepwalkerinaction.It'simportant,ofcourse,thatthepersoniskeptsafe.Precautions(预防措施)shouldbet92sothepersonislesslikelytofalldown,runintosomething,orwalkoutthefrontdoorwhilesleepwalking.（二） Everyoneneedssleep.Infact,alllivingthingsneedsleep.Havingasoundandgoodrestm_____86_____ushealthy.Itisbelievedthatourbraindevelopsbestduringsleep.Ithelpsalloursystemsworkwellw_____87_____weareawake.Sleepallowsourbraintoreorganizealleventsduringthedayandwillimproveourmemorydevelopment. Forastudent,eighttotenhoursofsleepisrequiredtogivehimorhere_____88_____forthefollowingday.Agoodsleepallowsthemtogrowphysicallyandmentally(心理上). Withe_____89_____sleepatnight,studentswouldbeabletowakeupearlyandbereadyforschoolactivities.Theywillbeabletolistencarefullyinclassandwouldhavetheabilitytomemorizethethingsthattheylearnandr_____90_____theminthefuture. Eighthoursofsleepmakesstudentsactivet_____91_____thewholedayatschool.Theywouldbeabletoperformwellinclass,takedownnotesandfinishtheirhomework.Whentheyhavesleptwell,theycane_____92_____understandtheirlessons.Goodsleeppreparesthemwellforthechallenges(挑战)atschool,frompaperworktosports.Theywillbereadytosolvedifficulttasksthatrequirementalabilityandskills.（三）Anger(生气)isakindoffeeling.Manythingscanmakeyouangry.Whenyourteachergivesyoutoomuchhomework,whenyourteamlosesanimportantgame,whenyourfriendb__86__yourfavouritethingandthenbreaksit,youmaygetreallyangry.Usually,yourbodywilltellyouwhenyouareangry.Forexample,youbreathemuchf__87__,yourfaceturnsredandyoumaywanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone,butsometimes,youhideyouranger.Forexample,youmayhideitinyourh__88___.Theproblemisthatifyoudothis,youmaygetaheadacheoryourstomachmayhurt.Infact,it'snotgoodtohideyouranger,andit'snormalforyoutogetangrysometimes.Butangermustbeletoutintherightway,withouthurtingo_89_oryourself.Letmegiveyousomeadvice.Whenyougetangry,youcantalkaboutitwithotherpeople.It'shelpfultotalkaboutyourangerwithotherpeople,suchasp___90____,teachers,goodfriendsetc.Whenyoutalkaboutanger,thoseb___91___feelingscanstarttogoaway.Ontheotherhand,whenyoustarttofeelangry,youcandosomeotherthings:countfrom1to100;goforabikeride;thinkaboutgoodthings,etc.Don'tletyourangerc92you.Rememberthathowyouactwhenyouareangercanmakeeverythingbetterorworse.（四）Inthemiddleofthe1800s,Francewasconsideredthemostimportantplaceintheworldforart.OnereasonforthatwastheAcademy,agovernmentorganizationwithsomestrictr__86____aboutart.Itdecidedwhatcouldandcouldnotbeart.InordertobeacceptedbytheAcademy,anartisthadtobeverytalented.ArtistsalsohadtopaintexactlythewaytheAcademywantedthemto.Abravegroupofpainterschallenged(挑战)theseideasandchangedartf_87___Eachyear,theAcademyhadanexhibitionofthearttheyhaddecidedwasthebest.In1864,agroupofartistsbecamea___88____becausetheydidn’tgetintotheshow.Theyfeltthattheirpaintingswerenotbad;thepaintingswerejustdifferent.Aftercomplainingtothegovernment,theseartistsweregiventheirownshow.TheAcademythoughtallartshouldlookrealistic(逼真).Buttheseartistsweremoreinterestedintryingtoshowmovementandthebrightcolorsofdaylight.Intheiropinion,itwasmorerealtoshowthesethanitwastopaintascene(场景)whichwasass_89___asaphoto.Itwasalsomoreinterestingtoshowallofthedifferentcolourswhenlighthitsanobjectlikewater.By1874,manydifferentartistswerepaintinginthisnewstyle,includingClaudeMonet.Oneofhispaintingshadthetitle,Impression:sunrise.Acritic(评论家)h__90__thesenewartists.HeusedMonet’stitletomakefunofthesepaintersbycallingthem“Impressionists（印象派）”，meaningthattheydidn’tmakerealpaintings.Thecriticswholikedtheseartiststhoughtthewordwasjustright.Theybegantouseithappily.Theythoughtitwasmoreimportanttopainth_91__theysawthingsinsteadofjustwhattheysaw.Otherartistsaroundtheworldfeltthattheycouldhavethisfreedomaswell.Becauseoftheimpressionists,theartw_92___wasneverthesame.（五）Oncemymothertoldmeastory.InAfrica,whenanantelope(羚羊)wakesupeverymorning,thefirstthingitthinksaboutis,“Imustbeabletorunfasterthanthefastestlion,orIwillbek_________.”Atthesametime,alionwakesfromhisdream.Thefirstthingthelionthinksaboutis,“Imustbeabletocatchthes__________antelope,orIwilldieofhunger.”So,almostatthesametime,theantelopeandtheliongetupandstartrunningtowardtherisingsun.Thisislife:fullofchancesandchallenge(挑战).Whetheryouareanantelopeoralion,youmustgoa_________whenthesunrises.Forstudents,itisjustthesame.Ifwedonotstudyhard,soonerorlater,wewillfallb_________theotherstudents.Atfirst,Ididnotknowwhattheword“exam”meant.LaterIknewanexamwasakindofcompetition.Incompetitions,therearealwaysw_________andlosers.AsIgrewup,Igottoknowcompetitionwell.Inone’slife,theremustbecompetitions,sopeoplecanimprove.EachtimeIsawchildrenplayinggamesandheardtheirlaughter,IwishedIwerethatageagain.However,Irememberedmyparents’words:“Youmustworkveryhardinordertohaveagoodf__________.”SoIpickedupmypenandbegantostudyhardagain.Iwasstillnotsurewhatcompetitionreallymeant.Oneday,IwastakingpartinanEnglish-speakingcompetition.WhenIwenttothestage,Isawotherstudentslookingatmekindly.Is__________knewwhatcompetitionwas.Itisnotascruelasmyteacherandparentstoldme.Infact,competitionistheopposite:itiskindandnecessary.Ilearnedalotfromrealizingthisfact.NowIunderstandmoreabouttheworld.Competitionisimportantforusall.（六）Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientist.Becauseofhisgreatachievement,hewasthoughttobemorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whenhewasaskw86hewasabletodothis,hegavetheanswer.Itallcamefromane87withhismotherwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold."IwastryingtogetabottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostthebottleanditfell,spillingthemilkallovertheflooraseaofmilk!Iwasf88andIdidn'tknowwhattodo!"hesaid.Hismotherheardthenoiseandgotintothekitchen.“Iwasc89howtoexplainallthistoyou,mom."hesaid.Insteadofpunishing(惩罚）him,shesaid"Robert,whatagreatmessyouhavemade!Ihaveneverseensuchahugeseaofmilkbefore!Well,sincethemilkhasa90beenspilled,wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforawhileWecanitupafterthat."Indeed,hedidso.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,finallyyouhavetocleanitup."Heusedasponge(海绵）andtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,"youknow,wefailedinhowtosuccessfullycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhandsjustnow.Let`sgooutintheyardandfillthebottlewithwatertoseeifyoucanf91anewwaytocarryit."Thenthelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitw92droppingit.Whatawonderfullesson！（七） IntheRenaissancePeriod(文艺复兴时期)(1500-1650),peoplebecameinterestedinhighereducation.Theywantedtolearnthea___________languagessuchasGreekandLatin-languagesthatwereusedintheoldtimes,andstudymathematics,science,andsoon.Manyuniversitiesweresetupduringthe16thcentury.Universityeducationwasaprivilege(特权)oftherich.Girlswerenotallowedtoattendandpoorpeoplecouldnota____________togo.Amemberofawealthyfamilycouldattenduniversityattheageoften.Hemightstudyindifferentuniversitiesandsincetheteachingwasalld__________inLatin,itdidn’tmatterwhichcountryhestudiedin.ItwasnotunusualforayoungboystudyoneyearinItalyandanotherinFrancewithoutspeakingeitherFrenchorItalian.Itwasp_________inthe16thcenturytocompleteuniversitywithoutlearninghowtoreadorwrite.Sincebookswerehandwritten,therewasnotenoughtogiveo___________toeachstudent.Often,onlytheteacherhadabook.Hewouldreadtothestudentswhowouldmemorizewhathesaid.Testswereoral,notwritten,Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.Forthenotsowealthy,grammarschoolswerebuiltintowns.Theylearnedbasicgrammarandmathematics,andtookpartinBiblestudy,Athome,girlslearnedwashing,cooking,dancing,andthebasicsoftakingcareofahousehold.Poorchildrenr___________attendedschool.TheRenaissancewasatimewhenlearnersdidnotsimplyacceptwhattheywereold.Theydidscientificexperimentsthemselvestosearchfora__________tothemysteries(神秘)ofthespace.CopernicuscalculatedthattheEarthturnedaroundthesunbutwasafraidtopublishhisworksforfearthattheChurchwouldpunish(惩罚)him.Galileolatersupportedthis.Thewatch,thetelescopeandsomeothersweresomeinventionsofthisperiod.（八）Inthemovie2012,thevolcano(火山)inYellowstoneNationalParkerupts(爆发),smokefliesthousandsofmetersintotheair,andcar-sizedpiecesofstoneandashflyout.Now,somescientistssay,it'sverypossiblethattheYellowstonevolcanowillsooneruptinr86lifeforthefourthtimeinhistory,afterabout640,000years.AccordingtotheDailyMail,thevolcanointheYellowstoneNationalPark,Wyoming,US,hasbeenrisingatarecordratesince2004.Itsmagma(岩浆)surfacehasgoneu873inchescentimeters)peryearoverthelastthreeyearsalone.Thisriseisoneofthemains88thatavolcanoisabouttoerupt.However,scientistsarenotcertainwhentheeruptionwillhappenorwhatitwillcause.Unlikewhathappensinthemovie2012,avolcanoeruptionwouldnotdestroythewholeworld,b89itcouldcausehugedamagetopeoplelivingnearby.Forexample,the2010eruptionoftheIcelandVolcanocausedmorethan800peopleto190theirhomesandmanyairportsinEuropeancountriestoshutdownforafewdays.Therearemorethan1,500activevolcanoesintheworld.Avolcanoisc91activeifithaseruptedatleastonceduringthelast10,000years.Inancienttimes,morethan80percentoftheearth'ssurfacewasvolcanic.Volcaniceruptionsformedtheseafloorandsomemountainsovermanyyears.Gasfromvolcanoesformedtheearth'satmosphere(大气).Volcanoescomefromveryhotliquidrock,thatismagma,insidetheearth.Whenmagmacomesupwardandbreaksthroughtheearth'ssurface,itformsvolcanoes.Therisingmagmaheatswater,whichleadstoexplosionsofsteam.Thispushesrocksandashhighintothesky.T92differentthingseruptfromavolcano;hotliquidrock,volcanicashandgases.（九）Accordingtoexperts,thewordHutongoriginatedfromMongolianlanguagemeaning"Well"(井).Inancienttimes,peopletendedtogatherandlivearoundwells.SotheoriginalmeaningofHutongshouldbe"aplacewherepeoplegatherandlive."ButHutongfirsta___86___inBeijingduringtheYuanDynasty.Theoldcitywascompletelydestroyedduringthewar.First,theyhadtofindacenter,andthenbuiltar___87___squarecity.Atthattime,therewasacleardefinitionfor“Avenue,StreetandHutong”.A37-metre-wideroadwascalledanavenue,an18-metre-wideonewascalledastreet,anda9-metre-widelanewascalledaHutong.Mostoftoday'sHutongwereformedduringtheMingandQingDynastiesthatfollowed.Nobodyknowse___88__howmanyHutongsthereareinnowadaysBeijing.ButifweconnectedalltheHutongstogether,theirtotall___89___wouldevenbelongerthanthefamousGreatwall,whichisabout4000miles.

Todayyoucanfindv___90___Hutongswithdifferentshapes,lengthsordirections.Theshortestoneisonly40centimeterswide.AndsomeHutongshavemorethan20turns.

Aswewalkt___91___theHutongs,youmayfindmostofthemlookalmostthesamewithgray-coloredwallsandbricks.Actuallyinsidethosewallsarethecourtyardhouses,wherepeoplelive.InChinesewecallthem"Siheyuan"."Si"literallymeansfour,"he"meanstosurround,and"yuan"referstothecourtyard.Soarectangularwallenclosingfourhouses,onebuiltoneachsidefacingintothecenter,iscalledaSiheyuan.Whentheywerefirstbuilt,usuallyoneSiheyuanwaso___92___byonlyonefamily,butnowadays,withthegrowthofthepopulation,mostSiheyuansaresharedby4to10families.（十）WendyMartinisanordinaryuniversitystudentwhousedtolovesurfingtheInternetandchatting(聊天)withfriendsonline.Sheoftenspentmuchofherfreetimetalkingwithherfamilyandmakingnewfriendsonline.Thensomethinga86happened.ItcompletelychangedWendy'sfeelingsabouttheInternet.OneofWendy'sfavouritethingstodoonlinewastovisitthechatroomsonmusicwebsites.Everyonetherelovedchattingaboutrecentconcertsandwhatthefamouss87weregoingtodonext.ItwasherethatWendyfirstmetAnne.Thetwowomenlikedeachotherimmediately.Soontheyexchangede-mailaddressesandwerecommunicatingonlineeveryday.Wendye88talkingtohernewfriend.Theybothlikedthesamemusic,thesameclothesandthesamefilms,buttheyalsohadthesameworriesaboutstudyingandthefuture.Annehade-mailedherapictureofherself——sheevenlookeds89toWendy.So,whenAnneaskedWendyforheraddressandphonenumber,Wendythoughthernewfriendwasapersonshecouldtrust.ItwasonlywhenWendygotaletterfromthebankthatsherealizedsomethingwaswrong.Annewasnotwhoshesaidshewas.Shewasnotauniversitystudent,shewasnotyoungandshewasnotevenawoman.'Anne'wasreallya45-year-oldmancalledTimHistanon.Hep90tolikethesamethingsasWendy.HehadusedWendy'spersonalinformationtospendallthemoneyinherbankaccount.Thissituationisactuallyquitecommon,andaffects(影响)thousandsofpeopleeveryyear.FortunatelyforWendy,TimHistanonwasfinallycaughtbythepolice,soWendygotmostofhermoneyback.Manypeople,h91,havenotbeensolucky.EveryonecanlearnfromthemistakesthatWendymade.N92giveoutpersonalinformationwhilechattingonline,andalwaysmakesureyourusernameisdifferentfromyourrealname.NobodywantstomakethesamemistakeasWendy.（十一）Indiaisacountryrichincultureandtradition.AndalthoughIndiaischanging,onethingremainsthes(86):thecowissacred(神圣的).Andmenandwomencovertheirheadsandfaceswithcowurine(牛粪)Accordingtotheirtradition,thecowisnotjustafarmanimal.Thesecowsarelikemotherhood,andtheirmilkfeedsthem.Butit'snotthemilkthesemenandwomenarewaitingfor——it'stheurine.Asapreciousg(87)fromthecow,theurineisoftenplacedinthehousetoprotecttheirhomeland.Peoplethinktheurinecanbeautifytheirhouseandkeepawayb(88)luck.Menevenputcowurineintotheirhair.Andthisspecialformofworshipping(崇拜)hasbeenaroundforcenturies.Surprisingly,cowurineisevenusedbypeopleasakindofm(89).Localsbelieveitcanmakesickpeoplefeelbetter.Believeit.Somebelieversshowtheirworshippingbymakinganofferingofhair.About12,000headsareshaved(剃头)everyday.Thatmeansthecityisalwaysf(90)ofhairlessbelievers.Oftenwaitingfor10hoursormore,believersf(91)entertheshavingarea.Onaveragethetemple's1,600barbersshaveover15headsanhour.Thetemplethensellspilesofhairtolocalwigmakers(假发店).Themoneyisusedtohelpthearea'spoorandmakesurethea(92)hairtempleofIndiakeepsgoing.Believeit.（十二）Haveyouevernoticedanadvertisementwhichsays"Learnaforeignlanguageinsixweeks,oryourmoneyback!Fromthefirstdayyourpronunciationwillbeexcellent.Justsend..."andsoonOfcourse,itn86happensquitelikethat.Theonlylanguagethatiseasytolearnisthemothertongue.Andthinkhowmuchpracticethatgets!BeforetheSecondWorldWarpeopleusuallylearnedaforeignlanguageinordertoreadtheliteratureofthecountry.Nowspeakingtheforeignlanguageisw87mostpeoplewant.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplestartlearningone.HowdotheydoitSomepeopletryathome,withbooksandtapes;someu88radioortelevisionprograms;othersgotoeveningclasses.Iftheyusethelanguageonlytwoorthreetimesaweek,learningitwillt89alongtime,likelanguagelearningatschool.Afewpeopletrytolearnalanguagef90bystudyingforsixormorehoursaday.Itisclearlyeasiertolearnthelanguageinthecountrywhereitiss9l.However,mostpeoplecannotaffordthis,andformanyitisnotnecessary.Theyneedthelanguageinordertodotheirworkb92.Forexample,scientistsanddoctorsmainlyneedtobeabletoreadbooksandreportsintheforeignlanguage.Whetherthelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.Machinesandgoodbookswillhelp,buttheycannotdothestudents'work.（十三）Today,thelargestremainingareaofhutongs(胡同)inBeijingisnorthofForbiddenCity.ThisiswheremanyChineseandforeigntouristscomefora“hutongtour”.Weaskedseveralofthesetouriststotellusabouttheiro____86______.(VickyWang,HongKong)“It’sreallys___87_____---we’reinthemiddleofoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld,butinthesehutongsitfeelsasifweareinavillageinthecountryside.Therearelotsoftreeseverywhere,andallthebuildingsareonlyoneortwostoreyshigh.Ina___88____,therearen’tmanycarsinthehutongs,sotheyarequitequiet---verydifferentfromthestreetsinthecentreofHongKong!It’snicetowalkaroundhereandstoporhaveadrinkinoneofthelittlecoffeeshopsorbarsbythelakes.”(Ted,Canada)“Whenyouvisitthemoder