介绍了C++类和对象的一些用法课件

C++程序设计基础王海涛汇文教育2011.07Time类实例研究//Time.h#ifndefTIME_H#defineTIME_HclassTime{public:Time();

voidsetTime(int,int,int);voidprintUniversal();voidprintStandard();private:inthour;//0-23(24-hourclockformat)intminute;//0-59intsecond;//0-59};#endif//

Time.cpp#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include"Time.h"usingnamespacestd;Time::Time(){

hour=minute=second=0;}voidTime::setTime(inth,intm,ints){

hour=(h>=0&&h<24)?h:0;

minute=(m>=0&&m<60)?m:0;second=(s>=0&&s<60)?s:0;}voidTime::printUniversal(){cout<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<hour<<":"

<<setw(2)<<minute<<":"<<setw(2)<<second;}voidTime::printStandard(){

cout<<((hour==0||hour==12)?12:hour%12)<<":"<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<minute<<":"<<setw(2)<<second<<(hour<12?"AM":"PM");}预处理器封套：阻止重复定义类的作用域和类成员的访问#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classCount{public:voidsetX(intvalue)

{

x=value;

}voidprint()

{

cout<<x<<endl;

}private:intx;};类的作用域和类成员的访问intmain(){Countcounter;Count*counterPtr=&counter;Count&counterRef=counter;cout<<"Setxto1andprintusingtheobject'sname:";counter.setX(1);

counter.print();cout<<"Setxto2andprintusingareferencetoanobject:";counterRef.setX(2);

counterRef.print();cout<<"Setxto3andprintusingapointertoanobject:";counterPtr->setX(3);//setdatamemberxto3counterPtr->print();//callmemberfunctionprint}//endmain类的成员函数可以重载，但只能由类的其它成员函数重载//SalesPerson.cpp#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include"SalesPerson.h"//includeSalesPersonclassdefinitionusingnamespacestd;SalesPerson::SalesPerson(){for(inti=0;i<monthsPerYear;i++)sales[i]=0.0;}//endSalesPersonconstructorvoidSalesPerson::getSalesFromUser(){doublesalesFigure;

for(inti=1;i<=monthsPerYear;i++)

{cout<<"Entersalesamountformonth"<<i<<":";cin>>salesFigure;setSales(i,salesFigure);}//endfor}//endfunctiongetSalesFromUser#include"SalesPerson.h"intmain(){SalesPersons;//createSalesPersonobjects

s.getSalesFromUser();//notesimplesequentialcode;thereares.printAnnualSales();//nocontrolstatementsinmain}//endmain默认实参的构造函数//Fig.9.8:Time.h#ifndefTIME_H#defineTIME_HclassTime{public:Time(int=0,int=0,int=0);//defaultconstructorvoidsetTime(int,int,int);//sethour,minute,secondvoidsetHour(int);//sethour(aftervalidation)voidsetMinute(int);//setminute(aftervalidation)voidsetSecond(int);//setsecond(aftervalidation)intgetHour();//returnhourintgetMinute();//returnminuteintgetSecond();//returnsecond

voidprintUniversal();//outputtimeinuniversal-timeformatvoidprintStandard();//outputtimeinstandard-timeformatprivate:inthour;//0-23(24-hourclockformat)intminute;//0-59intsecond;//0-59};//endclassTime#endif//Fig.9.9:Time.cpp#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include"Time.h"//includedefinitionofclassTimefromTime.husingnamespacestd;Time::Time(inthr,intmin,intsec){setTime(hr,min,sec);//validateandsettime}//endTimeconstructorvoidTime::setTime(inth,intm,ints){setHour(h);//setprivatefieldhoursetMinute(m);//setprivatefieldminutesetSecond(s);//setprivatefieldsecond}//endfunctionsetTimevoidTime::setHour(inth){hour=(h>=0&&h<24)?h:0;//validatehour}//endfunctionsetHourvoidTime::setMinute(intm){minute=(m>=0&&m<60)?m:0;//validateminute}//endfunctionsetMinutevoidTime::setSecond(ints){second=(s>=0&&s<60)?s:0;//validatesecond}//endfunctionsetSecondintTime::getHour(){returnhour;}//endfunctiongetHourintTime::getMinute(){returnminute;}//endfunctiongetMinuteintTime::getSecond(){returnsecond;}//endfunctiongetSecondvoidTime::printUniversal(){cout<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<getHour()<<":"<<setw(2)<<getMinute()<<":"<<setw(2)<<getSecond();}//endfunctionprintUniversalvoidTime::printStandard(){cout<<((getHour()==0||getHour()==12)?12:getHour()%12)<<":"<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<getMinute()<<":"<<setw(2)<<getSecond()<<(hour<12?"AM":"PM");}#include<iostream>#include"Time.h"usingnamespacestd;intmain(){

Timet1;//allargumentsdefaultedTimet2(2);//hourspecified;minuteandseconddefaultedTimet3(21,34);//hourandminutespecified;seconddefaultedTimet4(12,25,42);//hour,minuteandsecondspecifiedTimet5(27,74,99);//allbadvaluesspecifiedcout<<"Constructedwith:\n\nt1:allargumentsdefaulted\n";t1.printUniversal();//00:00:00cout<<"\n";t1.printStandard();//12:00:00AMcout<<"\n\nt2:hourspecified;minuteandseconddefaulted\n";t2.printUniversal();//02:00:00cout<<"\n";t2.printStandard();//2:00:00AM构造函数、析构函数的调用//

CreateAndDestroy.h#include<string>usingnamespacestd;#ifndefCREATE_H#defineCREATE_HclassCreateAndDestroy{public:CreateAndDestroy(int,string);//constructor~CreateAndDestroy();//destructorprivate:intobjectID;//IDnumberforobjectstringmessage;//messagedescribingobject};//endclassCreateAndDestroy#endif//Fig.9.12:CreateA