阅读理解 阅读七选五 语法填空 分类综合练-高考英语一轮复习

一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOnemorning，adoctorexaminedJohnsyandtookhertemperature.ThenhespokewithSueinanotherroom.“Shehasonechance，letussay，inten.Andthatchanceisforhertowanttolive.”Afterthebeatingrainandfiercewindthatblewthroughthenight，thereyetstoodagainstthewalloneivyleafonthevine（藤本植物）.“Itisthelastone，”saidJohnsy.“Ithoughtitwouldsurelyfallduringthenight.ItwillfalltodayandIshalldieatthesametime.”Thenextmorning，whenitwaslight，Johnsyfoundtheivyleafwasstillthere.Shelayforalongtime，lookingatit.“I’vebeenabadgirl，”saidJohnsy.“SomethinghasmadethatlastleafstaytheretoshowmehowbadIwas.Itiswrongtowanttodie.Youmaybringmealittlesoupnow.”Laterintheday，thedoctorsaid“Morechances，nowImustseeanothercase.Behrman，Pneumonia，too.Heisanold，weakmanandhiscaseissevere.Thereisnohopeforhim.”Thenextday，thedoctorsaidtoSue：“She’soutofdanger.”Laterthatday，SuecametoJohnsy：“Ihavesomethingtotellyou，”shesaid.“Mr.Behrmandiedofpneumoniatoday.Hewassickonlytwodays.Theyfoundhisshoesandclothingcompletelywetandicycold.Theycouldnotimaginewherehehadbeenonsuchaterriblenight.Andthentheyfoundalantern（灯笼），stilllighted.Andtheyfoundaladderthathadbeenmovedfromitsplace.Andartsuppliesandapaintingboardwithgreenandyellowcolorsmixedonit.Andlookoutofthewindow，atthelastleafonthewall.Didn’tyouwonderwhyitnevermovedwhenthewindblew？Itwaspaintedtherethenightwhenthelastleaffell.Doyouknowwhomadeit？”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraphone？A.Johnsycanhaveonechancetoseethedoctor.B.ThereislittlechanceforJohnsytosurvive.C.Johnsyisthetenthpersontosurvive.D.ThedoctorhastenpatientsbesidesJohnsythatday.2.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage？A.TheTrueFriendshipB.AnExperiencedDoctorC.FoolishBehrmanD.TheLastLeaf3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.thedoctordidn’twanttotreatJohnsyB.JohnsyandMr.BehrmanhaddifferentdiseasesC.thelastivyleafonthewallwaspaintedbyMr.BehrmanD.SueisthepatientofthehospitalBLONDON—DozensofBritishmusicstarshavecometogethertorecordanewversionofthesong“DoTheyKnowItsChristmas？”toraisemoneyforthefightagainstEbola（埃博拉病毒）.Thirtyyearsago，BritishmusicianBobGeldofbroughttogetherdozensofstarsunderthenameBandAid.Theirsong“DoTheyKnowItsChristmas？”raised$11millionforvictimsoftheEthiopianfamine（饥荒）.Nowhe’sdoneitagain.AnewgenerationofmusiciansplusafewoldfaceshaverecordedareworkedversionofthesamesongtoraisemoneyforthefightagainstEbola.GeldofsaystheinternationalcommunityhasnotgivenenoughtofightEbola.“Theyneed20timesthat，”hesaid.ThesonghastoppedthechartsinBritain.ButtheBandAid30releasehasnotbeenuniversallywelcomedinAfrica.SeveralAfricanstarsincludingSalifKeitaandMoryKantehavecometogetherunderthegroupname“3DFamily”torecordanalternativefundraisingsongtitled“AfricastopEbola”.AllproceedsgotothecharityDoctorswithoutBorders.SunginFrenchandlocallanguages，iturgespeopletogotoadoctoriftheyareill—andwarnsthemtoavoidtouchingdeadbodies.AmongtheartistsonthetrackisSenegaleserapperDidierAwadi—whoalsocriticizedBandAid30.“AnytimewehaveaprobleminAfrica…BobGeldof，I’mtheangelcomingtohelptheAfricans，”saidAwadi.MedicalexpertssaythediseasehasspreadsoquicklyinWestAfricabecausepeoplelackinformationabouthowtofightthedisease.“Musicmightchangethat.”saysGuineansingerMaryKane，whoalsoappearson“AfricaStopEbola”.“Ithinkthatartandcultureistheshortestroutetocommunicatewiththesevillagerssothattheyunderstandtheimportanceofbeingabletoavoidit.”saidKane.4.Geldofrecordedareworkedversionofthesamesongbecause.A.hewantstocollectenoughmoneytofightEbolaB.thesonghastoppedthechartsinBritainC.hewantstobetheangelcomingtohelptheAfricansD.thediseasehasspreadsoquicklyinWestAfrica5.WhoisinfavoroftheBandAid30？A.DidierAwadi.B.MoryKane.C.SalifKeita.D.BobGeldof.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphraseinParagraph7？A.onthewayB.onthetrainC.keeptrackofD.singingthesong7.Whatdoes“it”inthelastsentencereferto？A.BandAid30.B.theEthiopianfamine.C.thediseaseEbola.D.thesong‘DoTheyKnowItsChristmas.CFacebookfounderMarkZuckerbergrecentlysurprisedChinesestudentswhenhespoketotheminChineseforabout30minutesatTsinghuaUniversity.ClaytonDube，headoftheU.S.ChinaInstituteattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniapraisesZuckerbergseffortandthinksmoreAmericanCEOsshouldlearnforeignlanguages.Zuckerbergstalkraisesalargerquestion：isChinesethelanguageofthefuture？CoulditreplaceEnglishastheworld’sinternationallanguage？MandarinChinesealreadyhasthemostnativespeakersofanylanguage.And，ChinamaysoonpasstheUnitedStatesastheworld’slargesteconomy.ThestudyoftheChineselanguageisincreasingintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.In2009，about60，000AmericancollegestudentswerestudyingChinese.Thatisthreetimesasmanyasin1990.AsmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanparentsareevensendingtheirchildrentobilingualChineseschools.LeanneClementshasnoculturalconnectiontoChina，butherchildrenarelearningChineseattheYuYingPublicCharterSchoolinWashingtonD.C.Everyotherday，classesatthisschoolare100percentinChinese.Ms.ClementsthinksknowingChinesecouldgiveherchildrenacompetitiveadvantage.“Sofar，Englishhaskindofbeentheuniversallanguage，butmoreandmore，withChinesebusinessesandjusttheamountofindustrythattheyhavethereitseemslikeitwouldmakeyouavaluableemployeeifyoualsospokeChinese.”ClaytonDubethinksChinesewillgrowinimportance，especiallyforpeoplewhowanttoworkanddobusinessinChina.ButhedoesnotthinkChinesewillovertakeEnglishanytimesoon.“AsChinarisesyoucanexpectthatmorepeoplewilladoptthelanguage.ButisChinesegoingtoreplaceEnglish？Idon’tthinkso—certainlynotinmylifetime，probablynotinthenexttwo，three，fourgenerations.”8.Thepassagemainlyintendstotellus.A.facebookfounderlearnedtospeakChineseB.whetherChinesewillreplaceEnglishC.thestudyofChineseisincreasingintheUSAD.Chinesehasbeenauniversallanguage9.HowmanyAmericancollegestudentswerestudyingChinesein1990？A.60，000.B.20，000.endprintC.180，000.D.90，000.10.AmericanparentssendtheirchildrentolearnChinesebecause.A.theyhaveculturalconnectiontoChinaB.ChineseisgoingtoreplaceEnglishC.itcanmaketheirchildrenhaveacompetitiveadvantageD.Chinesehasthemostnativespeakers11.ClaytonDubeprobablyagreesthatA.speakingChineseisamustforemployeesinthefutureB.ChinesewillreplaceEnglishinthefutureC.moreandmorepeoplewilluseChineseasChinarisesD.AmericanparentsmustsendtheirchildrentobilingualChineseschoolsDManycollegestudentshavegivenuptakingclassnotesbyhand.Instead，theytypeonlaptoportabletcomputers.ButscientistsfromPrincetonUniversityandtheUniversityofCaliforniasaythatthatmethodislesseffective.Writingnotesbyhandismuchbetterforlongtermmemoryofideas，orconceptual（概念性的）information.Thatisthefindingofa2014studypublishedinthejournalPsychologicalScience.Studentswhotypenotesonakeyboardoftentranscribe，orwritedownwhattheprofessorsaysword-for-word.Theymaywritewithoutreallythinkingaboutwhattheyarewriting.Theseelectronicnotescontainedmorewords.Butscientistssayitleadsto“mindlesstranscription.”Transcriptionmeanstorecordsomethingexactlyasyouhearit.However，studentstakingnotesbywritingthem，needtofirstprocesstheinformationtheyhear.Thentheyrecordjustthemainpoints，orsummarize.Theyusefewerwords.Thisisbecausepeopleusuallywriteslowerthantheytype.Thisprocessofsummarizinginformationleadstoadeeperunderstanding，saytheresearchers.Inthestudy，studentslistenedtoateacherandthentookatest.Sometooknotesbytypingonacomputer.Theotherstooknotesbywritingthemdown.Bothgroupsperformedaboutthesameinrememberingfacts.Butstudentswhotypedtheirnotesdidmuchworseonconceptualquestions.Thesequestionsrequiredthemtounderstandanidea.Also，researchersfoundthatthosewhowrotetheirnotesrememberedconceptualinformationbetteraweeklater.Researchersbelievethatthestudentswhowrotenoteshadadeeperunderstandingofideasandconcepts.Thisresearchwascontainedinaclassroom.Butthefindingsmaybevaluableforanyonewantingtoremembermoreofwhattheyread，hearorsee.12.WhenstudentstranscribetheyA.usuallytakesclassnotesbyhandB.writesdownexactlywhattheyhearC.onlyanswerconceptualquestionsD.justrecordthemainpoints13.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothestudy？A.Manycollegestudentstakenotesbyhand.B.Allthequestionsrequirestudentstounderstandanidea.C.Studentswhowritetheirnotesusefewerwords.D.Thefindingsareonlyvaluableforstudents.14.Studentswritingnotesdidmuchbetteronconceptualquestionsbecause.A.theirnotescontainmoreinformationB.theyhaveadeeperunderstandingC.theywritedownword-for-wordD.theyhavelesseffectivemethods15.Whatstheauthorsattitudetowardsthestudy？A.Doubtful.B.Negative.C.Critical.D.Positive.二、阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thewhiteswanisamongthemostbeautifulofbirds.Theswanismostlysilentthroughitslife.Itfloatsquietlyonthewater，unabletosingsweetsongslikemostotherbirds.1.Theybelievedaswansingsamostbeautifulsong…justbeforeitdies.TheancientGreekphilosopherSocratestalkedofthis2300yearsago.Socratesexplainedthattheswanwassingingbecauseitwashappy.ThebirdwashappybecauseitwasgoingtoservetheGreekGodApollo.Swanswereholy（神圣的）toApollo，thegodofpoetryandsong.2，includingtheearlyEnglishwritersChaucerandShakespeare.3.Atfirst，swansongmeantthelastworkofapoet，musicianorwriter.Now，itmeansthefinaleffortofanyperson.Someone’sswansongusuallyisalsoconsideredthatpersonsfinestwork.4.Theexpressionmaybeusedtodescribeapoliticianslastcampaign，hisfinalattempttowinthecheersandvotesofthepeople.Thelasthurrahalsocanmeanthelastactsofapolitician，beforehisterminofficeends.5.HewroteabookaboutthefinalyearsinthepoliticallifeofalongtimemayorofBoston，Massachusetts.Hecalledhisbook，TheLastHurrah.A.WriterEdwinO’Connormadetheexpressionpopularin1956B.ManywriterswereholytoApollo，tooC.Inancienttimes，however，peoplebelievedthattheswanwasgivenaspecialgiftofsongattheendofitslife.D.Thereareothersimilarexpressions.E.PoliticalexpressionwithasimilarmeaningisthelasthurrahF.Thestoryoftheswan’slastsongfoundaplaceintheworksofotherwritersG.TheexpressionswansonghaslongbeenapartoftheEnglishlanguage12345三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Iamgoingtotellyouanunbelievablething1happenedinmyrestauranttoday.Thisafternoonapoorlydressedgentlemancameintomyrestaurant.Nobodyknew2hewas.Wewondered3hewassohungry.Weweresurprisedthathefinishedtwoordersoffoodinaverylimitedtime.Wedoubted4themanwasabletopaythebill.Thegentlemanasked5wewouldmindwaitingforjustafewminutes.Thenwewereshockedtosee6hetookoutofanenvelope—amillionpoundbanknote.IaskedMr.Clements7itwasgenuine.Mr.ClementssaiditwastruebecausetwoofthisamounthadbeenissuedbytheBankofEnglandthisyear.Hethought8thegentlemanshoweduscouldn’tbeafake.9agentlemanwithamillionpoundnotewasinragsandateinoursmallrestaurantwasabigpuzzletoallthepeoplethere.Ireallycouldn’tdescribe10excitedIwas.答案阅读理解A【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了女孩Johnsy因得肺炎而心灰意冷，认为自己就如风中的叶子，会随着最后一片叶子的掉落而死去。Mr.Behrman得知此情况后，在最后一片叶子掉落的夜里悄悄地在墙上画了一片叶子，从而点燃了Johnsy活下去的希望。1.B。细节理解题。从文章第一段中的“Andthatchanceisforhertowanttolive.”以及第二段中的“ItwillfalltodayandIshalldieatthesametime.”可以猜测出，医生说这句话的意思。2.D。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是Mr.Behrman在最后一片叶子飘落的夜晚用画笔在墙上画了一片永不凋落的常春藤叶，让Johnsy重新有了活下去的信念，最后挽救了Johnsy生命的故事。3.C。推理判断题。从最后一段可推断出是Mr.Behrman在病房对面的墙上画了最后一片叶子。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道，英国歌星BobGeldof为抗击“埃博拉”病毒重新录制歌曲DoTheyKnowItsChristmas？募集钱款，这在英国得到人们的支持，但在非洲遭到冷遇。4.A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnewgenerationofmusiciansplusafewoldfaceshaverecordedareworkedversionofthesamesongtoraisemoneyforthefightagainstEbola.”可知，A为正确答案。5.D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thirtyyearsago，BritishmusicianBobGeldofbroughttogetherdozensofstarsunderthenameBandAid.”和第三段中的“Nowhe’sdoneitagain.”可知是BobGeldof组织的BandAid30。而几位非洲本土歌手DidierAwadi，MoryKante和SalifKeita对BobGeldof的行为持批评态度。6.D。短语推断题。根据上下文，可以推断出此处onthetrack的意思是“演唱歌曲AfricastopEbola”。ontheway“在路上”；onthetrain“在火车上”；keeptrackof“跟踪，与……保持联系”，均不符合题意。7.C。推理判断题。根据全文不难推断出it指的是“埃博拉”病毒。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，Facebook创始人用汉语在清华大学的演讲引出一个热点问题：汉语是否会替代英语成为国际语言？8.B。主旨概括题。整篇文章讨论的是汉语是否会代替英语成为国际语言的问题。9.B。细节理解题。从文章第四段中的“In2009，about60，000AmericancollegestudentswerestudyingChinese.Thatisthreetimesasmanyasin1990.”可知，答案B正确。10.C。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Ms.ClementsthinksknowingChinesecouldgiveherchildrenacompetitiveadvantage.”可知，美国父母送子女学习汉语的目的是为了让自己的孩子在今后的工作中更有竞争力。11.C。推理判断题。从全文ClaytonDupe的观点来看，他认为短期内汉语不可能代替英语，但是学习汉语的人会随着中国经济的崛起而逐渐增加。D【语篇导读】本文是普林顿大学和加州大学的科学家做的一项科研报告，比较了大学生在课堂上用电脑做笔记和用手记录的优劣性的相关研究。12.B。词义猜测题。从第三段该词后面的“…writedownwhattheprofessorsaysword-for-word.”以及最后一句“Transcriptionmeanstorecordsomethingexactlyasyouhearit.”可推测出选B。13.C。细节理解题。从第四段中的“They（studentstakingnotesbywritingthem）usefewerwords.”可知C正确；根据第一段中的“Manycollegestudentshavegivenu