2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号59

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

（）moneyfromhisdepartment,Mr.Williamswouldhavebeenpromotedtothepositionasdirector.

问题1选项

A.Ifhedidnotsteal

B.Hadhenotstolen

C.Didhenotsteal

D.Shouldhenotsteal

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，对过去的虚拟，had提前，省掉if，原句是：Ifsb.hadnotdonesth.,sb.wouldhavedone.意思是如果某人没有做……，某人就会……，A选项少了一个should；C选项和D选项都是疑问句的语气，排除；因此B选项符合题意。句意为：威廉姆斯先生要不是偷部门的钱，他早就被提升为主任了。

2.单选题

Theirrefusaltocompromiseisamajor（）thatstandsinthewayoffurtherpace.

问题1选项

A.complication

B.danger

C.obstacle

D.hazard

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项complication“并发症，复杂”；B选项danger“危险”；C选项obstacle“障碍”；D选项hazard“危险，风险”。句意：他们拒绝妥协是阻碍进一步发展的主要（）。这里原句表达的意思是“阻碍进一步发展的障碍”，因此C选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Duringthe19thcenturyfurtheradvancesweremade,notablyBessemer’sprocessfor（）ironintosteel,whichmadethematerialmorecommerciallyviable.

问题1选项

A.altering

B.varying

C.converting

D.transforming

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项altering“变更”；B选项varying“相异，（根据情况）变化”；C选项converting“使改变，皈依”；D选项transforming“转化，发生巨变，发生巨大变化”。句意：在19世纪取得了进一步的进展，特别是将铁_____为钢的贝西麦工艺，使这种材料更具有商业可行性。这里表达的意思是“将铁转化为钢”，因此D选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Medicalstudentlearntodistinguish“acute”,whichmeanssomethingofrecentonset,form“chronic”whichmeansaconditionthatwillprobablycontinuefora（）periodoftime.

问题1选项

A.gloomy

B.temporary

C.tough

D.substantial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项gloomy“黑暗的，沮丧的，阴郁的”；B选项temporary“暂时的，临时的”；C选项tough“艰苦的，困难的”；D选项substantial“大量的，实质的”。句意：医科学生要学会区分“急性”（指近期发病）和“慢性”（指可能持续_____一段时间的病情）。跟前一句对比，可以推断这里表达的应该是“大量的时间（很长的一段时间）”，因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Thelightsandmusic（）aswesailedawayfromtheharbor.

问题1选项

A.faded

B.disappeared

C.declined

D.stopped

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项faded“渐弱，褪色”；B选项disappeared“消失，失踪”；C选项declined“下降，拒绝”；D选项stopped“停止，停顿”。句意：我们驶离港口时，灯光和音乐（）下来。这里根据句意可以判断出要考的意思是“灯光和音乐渐渐弱了”，因此A选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Recently,oneofmybestfriendsJennie,withwhomIhavesharedjustabouteverythingsincethefirstdayofkindergarten,spenttheweekendwithme.SinceImovedtoanewtownseveralyearsago,wehavebothalwayslookedforwardtothefewtimesayearwhenweseeeachother.

Overtheweekend,wespenthoursandhours,stayinguplateintothenight,talkingaboutthepeopleshewashangingaroundwith.Shestartedtellingmestoriesabouthernewboyfriend,abouthowheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehavior.Iwasblownaway!Shetoldmehowshehadbeenlyingtoherparentsaboutwhereshewasgoingandevenstealingouttoseethisguybecausetheydidn’twantheraroundhim.NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshedeservedbetter,shedidn’tbelieveme.Herself-respectseemedtohavedisappeared.

ItriedtoconvinceherthatshewasrunningherfutureandheadingforbigtroubleIfeltlikeIwasgettingnowhere.Ijustcouldn’tbelievethatshereallythoughtitwasacceptabletohangwithabunchoflosers,especiallyherboyfriend.

Bythetimesheleft,Iwasreallyworriedaboutherandexhaustedbytheexperience.IthadbeensofrustratingthatIhadcomeclosetotellingherseveraltimesduringtheweekendthatmaybewehadjustgrowntoofaraparttocontinueourfriendship,butIdidn’t.Iputthepoweroffriendshiptotheultimatetest.We’vebeenfriendsforfartoolong.IhadtohopethatshevaluedmeenoughtoknowthatIwastryingtosaveherfromhurtingherself.Iwantedtobelievethatourfriendshipcouldconqueranything.

Afewdayslater,shecalledtosaythatshehadthoughtlongandhardaboutourconversation,andthenshetoldmethatshehadbrokenupwithherboyfriend.Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.Itwasoneofthetrulyrewardingmomentsinmylife.NeverhadIbeensoproudofafriend.

1.WhatwordbestsumsupJennie’sboyfriend?

2.WhatwastheattitudeofJennie’sparentstowardsherrelationshipwithherboyfriend?

3.HowdidtheauthorreacttoJennie’srelationshipwithherboyfriend?

4.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenJennietoldhershehadbrokenupwithherboyfriend?

5.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyinthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Aloser.

B.Adruguser

C.Atroublemaker

D.criminal

问题2选项

A.Theywereratertolerant.

B.Theydidnotallowhertocontinueit.

C.Theywereindifferenttoit.

D.Theythoughttheirdaughterdeservedabetterfriend.

问题3选项

A.ShewasveryangrywithJennieforchoosingsuchafriend.

B.ShethreatenedtobreakupwithJennieifheradvicewasignored.

C.ShewasovercomewithpridethatJennietoldheraboutherboyfriend.

D.ShetriedherbesttodissuadeJenniefromcontinuing.

问题4选项

A.Shefeltrelieved.

B.Shefeltexhausted.

C.Shefeltfrustratedandangry.

D.Shefelthappyandproud.

问题5选项

A.Drugscandestroyinnocentyoungpeople.

B.Youngpeopleshouldbecarefulinchoosingtheirfriends.

C.Parentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheirchildren.

D.Thepoweroftruefriendshipcanconqueranything.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：哪个单词完美总结了Jennie的男朋友？A选项“一个失败者”，定位到第二段Shestartedtellingmestoriesabouthernewboyfriend,abouthowheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehavior（她的男友不仅吸毒而且有其他自残的行为）。第三段作者还说Ijustcouldn’tbelievethatshereallythoughtitwasacceptabletohangwithabunchoflosers,especiallyherboyfriend.（我只是不敢相信她真的认为和一群废柴在一起是可以接受的，尤其是她的男朋友。）也就是说珍妮的男友是位失败者，A选项最佳总结了她的男朋友。B选项“一个吸毒者”，C选项“一个惹是生非的人”，D选项“一个罪犯”。

2.判断推理题。题干问：Jennie的父母是如何看待她和男友这段感情的？B选项“他们不允许她继续和他在一起”，定位到第二段Shetoldmehowshehadbeenlyingtoherparentsaboutwhereshewasgoingandevenstealingouttoseethisguybecausetheydidn’twantheraroundhim.（她一直在向父母撒谎她要去哪里，甚至偷偷溜出去见那个男人，因为他们不希望她在他身边）因此我们可以得出她的父母是不同意她和他在一起的，答案为B。A选项“他们非常宽容”，C选项“他们对这个并不关心”，D选项“他们认为他们的女儿值得更好的”。

3.事实细节题。题干问：作者对于Jennie和她男朋友的这段感情是怎么看的？D选项“她尽自己的最大努力去劝Jennie分手”，作者在第二段抱怨说NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshedeservedbetter,shedidn’tbelieveme.（不管我怎么努力告诉她她值得更好的，她都不相信我）。在第三段又说Itriedtoconvinceherthatshewasruiningherfutureandheadingforbigtrouble（我试图让她相信，她正在毁掉自己的未来，惹上大麻烦），也就是说作者一直想办法劝阻珍妮不要继续和她的男友来往了，答案为D。A选项“她对于Jennie选择了一个这样的男朋友感到很生气”，B选项“她威胁说，如果珍妮不听她的劝告，她就要同珍妮绝交”，C选项“她对于Jennie告诉她自己有男朋友而感到很骄傲”。

4.事实细节题。题干问：作者对于Jennie和她男朋友分手是怎么看待的？D选项“她感到高兴并骄傲”；定位到最后一段Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.（我只是在电话的另一端听着，喜极而泣。）证明作者得知这个消息之后又开心又激动，答案为D。A选项“她感到松了一口气”，B选项“她感到精疲力竭”，C选项“她感到沮丧并且生气”。

5.归纳概括题。题干问：作者写这篇文章是为了传递什么信息呢？D选项“真挚的友谊可以战胜一切”；从全文来看，珍妮和作者有着十分深厚的友谊，她们彼此都十分信任。而珍妮最近交上一位男友，这位男友不仅吸毒而且还有其他的自残行为——这让作者十分不安，希望珍妮立刻断绝她和这位男友的来往。但一开始珍妮并没有接受她的规劝，所以作者感到十分沮丧。作者只能以她们的深厚友谊为赌注，希望珍妮能相信作者是在尽力拯救她，希望她们的友谊能帮助她们克服一切困难。最终珍妮经过长时间的痛苦的思考，终于醒悟过来，和那位男友断绝了关系，摆脱了困境，因此答案为D。A选项“毒品可以摧毁无辜的年轻人”，B选项“年轻人在挑选伴侣时应该小心”，C选项“家长应该照顾关心他们的孩子”都不能完全概括整篇文章的意义。

7.翻译题

互联网使我的工作方便多了。我可以通过电子邮件撰写、编辑并提交我的文章；在网上与我的同事聊天，与老板讨论工作。我用鼠标一击，马上就能拿到我要的一切资料，获得最新的消息。可是，另一方面，用网络通信有时也令人沮丧。系统有可能瘫痪。更糟的是，因为没有面对面交谈的情感提示，键出的词有时似乎很难理解。

【答案】TheInternethasmademyjobaloteasier.Icanwrite,submitandeditarticlesviaemail,chatwithmycolleaguesonlineanddiscussworkwithmyboss.Withaclickofthemouse,IcangetallthedataIneedandkeepupwiththelatestnews.Butthen,communicatingthroughtheNetcanbefrustratingattimes.Thesystemmaycrash.Worststill,withouttheemotionalcuesofface-to-facecommunication,thetypedwordssometimesseemdifficulttointerpret.

8.单选题

Thecrowd（）intothehallandsomehadtostandoutside.

问题1选项

A.outgrew

B.overthrew

C.overpassed

D.overflew

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项outgrew“过大而不适于，出生，长大成熟而不再”；B选项overthrew“扔出，抛出”；C选项overpassed“通过，度过”；D选项overflew“（尤指液体）溢出，（容器）满得溢出，挤满人了，淹没”。句意：人群（）了大厅，有些人不得不站在外面。本句表示的是“人群涌入了大厅”，因此D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Theteachersandparentsagreethatitisahintofwhatmightbeexpectedfrom（）generations.

问题1选项

A.superb

B.subsequent

C.supreme

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项superb“极好的，华丽的”；B选项subsequent“随后的”；C选项supreme“最高的，至高的”；D选项subordinate“从属的，隶属的”。句意：老师和家长都认为这是对（）代的期望。这里表达的句意是对subsequentgenerations“后代的期望”，因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Theplantsareina(n)（）plasticbox,sothechildrencanobservehowtherootsgrowwithtime.

问题1选项

A.appropriate

B.intricate

C.transparent

D.waterproof

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项appropriate“合适的，适当的”；B选项intricate“复杂的，错综的”；C选项transparent“透明的，显然的”；D选项waterproof“防水的”。句意：这些植物被放在一个（）的塑料盒子里，这样孩子们就可以观察它们的根是怎么随着时间的推移生长的。通过后半句的“孩子可以观察它的生长”可以得出，这个盒子应该是“透明的”才能便于孩子观察，因此C选项符合题意。

11.单选题

VisitorstoBritainaresometimessurprisedtolearnthatnewspaperstherehavesuchalargecirculation.The“DailyMirror”andthe“DailyExpress”bothsellaboutfourmillioncopieseveryday.BritishfamiliesgenerallybuyanewspapereverymorningandfrequentlytaketwoorthreeonSundays.

Apartfromthenationalpapers,thereis,however,anotherbranchoftheBritishpresswhichsellsalmostasmanycopies.Localnewspapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.Almosteverytownandcountryareahasone.Nearlyallofthemholdtheirownfinanciallyandmanyofthemareveryprofitable.

Thesepapersarewrittenalmostentirelyforreadersinterestedinlocalevents—births,weddings,deaths,councilmeetingsandsports—butthecontentisnaturallyinfluencedbythekindofcommunitytheyserve.Editorsprefertorelyonasmallstaffofpeoplewhoallknowthedistrictwell.Agreatdealoflocalnewsisregularlysuppliedbyclubsandchurchesintheneighborhoodanditdoesnotgetoutofdateasquicklyasnationalnews.Ifthereisnoroomforitinthisweek’sedition,anitemcansometimesbeheldoveruntilthefollowingweek.

Theeditormustneverforgetthatthesuccessofanynewspaperdependsonadvertising.Heisusuallyanxioustokeepthegoodwilloflocalbusinessmenforthisreason.Butifthenewspaperiswellwrittenandthenewsitemshavebeencarefullychosentoattractlocalreaders,thebusinessmenaregratefulfortheopportunitytokeeptheirproductsinthepubliceye.

Localnewspapersdonotoftencommentonproblemsofnationalimportanceandeditorsrarelyholdwithtakingsidesonpoliticalquestions.Buttheycanoftenbeofservicetothecommunityinexpressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues.Anewspapercansometimespersuadethecounciltotakeactiontoprovidebettershoppingfacilities,improvetransportintheareaandpreservelocalmonumentsandplacesofinterest.

Thesepapersoftensoundratherdullanditseemssurprisingthattheyallmakeprofit.Butformanypeopleinsmalltownsandvillagesthedeathofsomeoneknowntothemortheinstallationoftrafficlightsatabusystreetcornernearbycansometimesbemoreimportantthanadisasterinaforeigncountry.

1.Localnewspapershave（）

2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

3.Inthewriter’sopinion,theeditormustrememberthatnopapercanpossiblysucceedwithout（）.

4.Alocalnewspapercanservethecommunityby（）.

5.Whyisitthatlocalpapersallmakeaprofit?

问题1选项

A.acirculationaslargeasthatofnationalnewspapers.

B.adailycirculationof13million.

C.aslightlysmallercirculationthannationalnewspapers.

D.anevenlargercirculation.

问题2选项

A.Everytownandcountryareahasatleastonepaperofitsown.

B.Nearlyalltownandcountryareashavetheirownpapers.

C.Thereisanewspaper,nationalorlocal,ineachtownandcountryarea.

D.Alotofremotetownandcountryareasdonothavetheirownpapers.

问题3选项

A.advertisements

B.interestingreports

C.agreatdealofnationalnews

D.anexcellentsalesmanager

问题4选项

A.expressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues

B.preservinglocalmonumentsandplacesofinterest

C.voicingitsviewonpoliticalquestions

D.providingmoreimportantnationalnews

问题5选项

A.Theyareaswellorganizedasthenationalpapers.

B.Theyarestaffedwithpeoplewhoknowtheirdistrictswell.

C.Theyhavehadsufficientsupportfromtheirclients.

D.Theirmainemphasisonlocaleventsmeetstheneedsofthecommunitytheyserve.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段Apartfromthenationalpapers,thereis,however,anotherbranchoftheBritishpresswhichsellsalmostasmanycopies.Localnewspapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.（然而，除了全国性的报纸外，英国报业的另一个分支几乎卖了同样多的份。地方报纸每周的发行量为1300万份。）可以得知C选项“发行量比全国性报纸略小”正确。A选项“发行量与全国性报纸一样大”与原文不符；B选项“每日发行量为1300万份”，定位到第二段Localnewspapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.（地方报纸每周的发行量为1300万份。）是周发行量，而不是日发行量；D选项“发行量更大”与原文不符。

2.判断推理题。B选项“几乎所有的城镇和农村地区都有自己的报纸”，定位到第二段Almosteverytownandcountryareahasone.（几乎每个城镇和农村地区都有一个。）因此B选项正确。A选项“每个城镇和农村地区都至少有一份自己的报纸”与原文不符，并没有说至少要有一份；C选项“在每个城镇和乡村地区都有一份全国性或地方性的报纸”，这个也与原文有出入；D选项“许多偏远的城镇和农村地区没有自己的报纸。”错误。

3.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到倒数第三段Theeditormustneverforgetthatthesuccessofanynewspaperdependsonadvertising.（编辑绝不能忘记任何报纸的成功都依赖于广告。）因此A选项“广告”正确。B选项“有趣的报道”；C选项“大量的国家新闻”；D选项“一位出色的销售经理”都与原文不符。

4.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第三段Thesepapersarewrittenalmostentirelyforreadersinterestedinlocalevents—births,weddings,deaths,councilmeetingsandsports—butthecontentisnaturallyinfluencedbythekindofcommunitytheyserve.（这些报纸几乎完全是为那些对当地事件（出生、婚礼、死亡、议会会议和体育）感兴趣的读者而写的，但其内容自然受到它们所服务的社区类型的影响。）因此A选项“表达公众对当地问题的看法”正确。B选项“保存当地的古迹和名胜古迹”；C选项“对政治问题发表意见”；D选项“提供更重要的国家新闻”都不是它服务社区的做法，只是片面的信息。

5.判断推理题。根据题干定位到倒数第二段和倒数第一段Localnewspapersdonotoftencommentonproblemsofnational...ofinterest.（地方报纸通常不评论具有全国重要性的问题，编辑也很少在政治问题上偏袒任何一方。但是，在表达公众对当地问题的看法方面，它们往往可以对社区有所帮助。报纸有时可以说服议会采取行动，提供更好的购物设施，改善该地区的交通，并保护当地的古迹和名胜古迹。）以及Thesepapersoftensoundratherdullandit...foreigncountry.（这些报纸常常听起来很枯燥，令人惊讶的是它们都在盈利。但对小城镇和乡村的许多人来说，认识的人的死亡或在附近繁忙的街角安装交通灯，有时比外国发生的灾难更重要。）从这两段可以看出，虽然这些报纸听起来有些枯燥，但是它是对小镇人民最有吸引力的，因此D选项“他们对当地活动的主要重视满足了他们所服务的社区的需要”正确。A选项“它们和全国性的报纸一样组织严密”原文没有提及；B选项“它们的工作人员都很了解自己的地区”是无关项；C选项“他们有足够的客户支持”，这个没有说出本质原因，而是表面现象。

12.单选题

Myeyeshadbecome（）tothenowsemi-darkness,soIcouldpickoutshapesaboutseventy-fiveyardsaway.

问题1选项

A.inclined

B.accustomed

C.vulnerable

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项inclined“有……倾向”；B选项accustomed“习惯的，通常的”；C选项vulnerable“脆弱的，易碎的”；D选项sensitive“敏感的”。句意：我的眼睛已经_____现在的半明半暗，所以我能辨认出75码外的形状。考查固定搭配beaccustomedto“习惯于”，这里表示的是习惯于这种半明半暗的状况，因此B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Theconsumer（）inrecentyearshasledtoanexplosionofshoppingcenterdevelopmentinbigcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandCanton.

问题1选项

A.boom

B.pressure

C.summit

D.volume

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项boom“繁荣，迅速发展”；B选项pressure“迫使，密封”；C选项summit“顶峰，顶点”；D选项volume“成团卷起”。句意：近几年的消费（）促使北京、上海和广州这样的大城市中的购物中心快速地发展起来。这里的意思是“消费的繁荣使得购物中心发展”，因此A选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Inthesummerof1978anEnglishfarmernamedIanStevenswasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingflatontheground.Theflattenedwheatformedacircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Inthefollowingyearsmoreandmoresimilarcircleswerefoundinafieldofwheatorcorn.Sopeoplecannothelpbutaskthequestion:Whatcausesthecircles?

Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem:theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofgrainwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthegrainwithoutbreakingit.Thecirclesareapparentlynotatrick.Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangeflyingobjectsnearfield,wherecircleslaterappeared.

Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.Theyhavesuggestedseveraltheories.Forexample,somescientistssaythat“microburst’s”ofwindcreatedthecircles.Amicroburstisadownwardrushofcoolairthesamedownwardrushofairthatsometimescausesanairplanetocrash.Othersscientistssaythatforceswithintheearthcausethecirclestoappear.Butcirclesoftenappearinforms.Itishardtobelievethatanynaturalforcecouldcreatethoseforms.Andrecentlyfarmershavediscoverednotonlycirclesbutalsoothershapessuchastrianglesintheirfields.Couldanynaturalforcecreatedaperfecttriangleinafieldofgrain?

Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment.Thisequipmentworth1.8milliondollarsrecordednothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafieldcirclesformedinthefieldbehindthem.Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.

1.Whatcausesthecircles?

2.Thethingthatprovesthatthecircleswerenotatrickisthat（）.

3.Thecirclesmean（）.

4.Theonlythingforthescientiststobehappyaboutinthesummerof1990ispossibly（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.Teenagers

B.Farmers

C.Flyingobjects

D.Noneoftheabove

问题2选项

A.twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves

B.farmersweremakingthecirclestoattracttourists

C.peoplecannotcopythecircleswithoutleavingmarksorbreakingthegrain

D.scientistssuggesttheoriesthatsupporttheideathatcirclesweremadebynaturalforces

问题3选项

A.thatbeingsfromouterspacearetryingtocommunicatewithhumanbeings

B.thatbeingsfromouterspacehavevisitedtheearth

C.thattheredoexiststrangeflyingobjects

D.noneoftheabove

问题4选项

A.thattheydiscoveredhowthecirclesweremade

B.thattheysawthecircleswiththehelpofthelatesthigh-techequipment

C.thattheywereabletoshowthecirclesinaphotograph

D.noneoftheabove

问题5选项

A.AnUnsolvedMystery

B.StrangeFlyingObjects

C.ThePowerofNaturalForces

D.TheDiscoveryofStrangeCircles

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干问什么东西导致了这些圈圈？我们定位到倒数第二段的第一句话Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.（科学家表示，他们不确定是什么导致了这种情况。）从这句话我们可以得出，科学家们目前也并不知道是什么导致了这些怪圈，其他的都只是猜测，因此答案为D；A选项“青少年”，B选项“农民”，C选项“飞行物”，这些都是人们的猜测。

2.事实细节题。题干问是什么证实了这些圈圈并不是一个恶作剧？根据第二段第一句话Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem（起初，人们怀疑这些圆圈是骗人的。为了证明这些圆圈是骗人的，人们试图模仿它们）我们可以得出答案是C选项。A选项“两个男人说是他们制造了这个圈”，B选项“农民们做了这个圈去吸引游客”，D选项“科学家认为理论支持这些圈是由自然力量完成的”。

3.事实细节题。A选项“这些圆圈意味着来自外太空的生物正试图与人类交流”，B选项“这些圆圈意味着来自外太空的生物已经访问过地球”，C选项“这些圆圈意味着确实存在奇怪的飞行物”，D选项“以上都不对”；题干问这些圈圈意味着什么。根据题干我们可以定位到第二段，第二段说了Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.（许多人相信是外太空的生物制造了这些圆圈。一些人认为外太空的生物试图与我们交流，而这些圆圈是他们的信息。其他人相信存在实际上已经登陆地球的生物和圆圈是他们的宇宙飞船留下的印记。）但是这些都是人们的推测，目前科学家并没有给出明确的结论，因此A、B、C都不对，答案为D。

4.判断推理题。题干问科学家们在1990年夏天唯一感到高兴的事情可能是？C选项“他们能够在照片上显示圆圈”，根据题干我们定位到倒数第一段的倒数第二句话：Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.（这些圆圈如照片所示。）可以得出，他们开心的事是C，他们能够在照片上显示圆圈。A选项“他们发现了这些圆圈是如何形成的”，B选项“他们借助最新的高科技设备看到了这些圆圈”，D选项“以上都不对”。

5.文章标题题。题干让我们给文章找一个合适的标题。A选项“一个未解之谜”，B选项“奇怪的飞行物”，C选项“自然的力量”，D“奇怪的圈圈的发现”，根据全文我们知道，这个怪圈的谜底我们到目前都没有解开，因此它是一个未解之谜，D选项过于浅显，不能总结全文的含义，因此答案为A。

15.单选题

Cancellationoftheflight（）manypassengerstospendthenightattheairport.

问题1选项

A.resulted

B.obliged

C.demanded

D.recommended

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项resulted“结果；导致”，B选项obliged“迫使；强制；赐”，C选项demanded“强烈要求；需要”，D选项recommended“推荐，介绍；劝告”，根据题意可知：旅客们由于航班取消不得不在机场过夜，B选项oblige有“被迫；事实逼迫人不得不……”的含义，因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite（）asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

问题1选项

A.respected

B.respective

C.respectful

D.respectable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项respected“受尊敬的”；B选项respective“分别的，各自的”；C选项respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的”；D选项respectable“值得尊敬的，人格高尚的，相当数量的”。句意：邻居们认为他不（），因为大多数晚上他都会用醉醺醺的歌声把他们吵醒。这里表达的句意是“他不值得尊敬”，因此D选项符合题意。

17.单选题

TheEastandtheWestcanworktogetherfortheir（）benefitandprogress.

问题1选项

A.common

B.mutual

C.same

D.cooperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项common“普通的；一般的”，B选项mutual“共同的；相互的，彼此的”，C选项same“同样的；一样的”，D选项cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；原句：东西方可以为各自的（）利益和进步而共同努力。通过带入A、B、C、D可以发现，句子想要表达的意思是：共同的利益，而mutual是最能体现这个含义的，它有各自为战，却又有共同之处的含义，因此B选项符合题意。

18.单选题

What,canrigid,coldcalculatingmathematicspossiblyhaveincommonwithsubtle,creative,lofty,imaginativeart?Thisquestionfaithfullymirrorsthestateofmindofmostpeople,evenofmosteducatedpeople,whentheyregardthenumbersandsymbolsthatpopulatetheworldofmathematics.Butthegreatleadersofmathematicsthoughthavefrequentlyandrepeatedlyassertedthattheobjectoftheirpursuitisjustasmuchanartasitisascience,andperhapsevenafineart.MaximeBocher,andeminentmathematicianlivingatthebeginningofthiscentury,wrote:“Iliketolookatmathematicsalmostmoreasanartthanasascience;fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses,bearsaresemblance,notfanciful,Ibelieve,butreal,totheactivitiesoftheartist—ofapainter,letussay.Rigorousdeductivereasoningonthepartofthemathematicianmaybelikenedheretothetechnicalskillindrawingonthepartofthepainter.Justasonecannotbecomeapainterwithoutacertainamountofskill,sonoonecanbecomeamathematicianwithoutthepowertoreasonaccuratelyuptoacertainpoint.”Yetthesequalities,fundamentalthoughtheyare,donotmakeapainteroramathematicianworthyofthename,norindeedaretheythemostimportantfactorsinthecase.Otherqualitiesofafarmoresubtlesort,chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination,gointothemakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician.

Ifmathematicswantstolayclaimtobeinganart,however,itmostshowthatitpossessesandmakesuseofatleastsomeoftheelementsthatgotomakeupthethingsofbeauty.Isnotimagination,creativeimagination,themostessentialelementsofanart?Letustakeageometricobject,suchasthecircle.Totheordinaryman,thisistherimofawheel,perhapswithspokesinit.Elementarygeometryhascrowdedthissimplefigurewithradii,chords,sectors,tangents,diameters,inscribedandcircumscribedpolygons,andsoon.

Hereyouhavealreadyanentiregeometricalworldcreatedfromaveryrudimentarybeginning.Theseandothermiraclesareundeniableproofofthecreativepowerofthemathematician;and,asifthiswerenotenough,themathematicianallowsthewholecircleto“vanish”,declaresittobeimaginary,thenkeepsontoyingwithhisnewcreationinmuchthesamewayandwithmuchthesamegustoashedidwiththeinnocentlittlethingyouallowedhimtostartoutwith.Andallthis,rememberplease,isjustelementaryplanegeometry.Truly,thecreativeimaginationdisplayedbythemathematicianhasnowherebeenexceeded,notevenparalleled,and,Iwouldmakeboldtosay,nowevencloselyapproachedanywhereelse,nmanywaysmathematicsexhibitsthesameelementsofbeautythataregenerallyacknowledgedtobetheessenceofpoetry.Firstletusconsideraminorpoint:thepoetarrangeshiswritingsonthepageinverses.Hispoemfirstappealstotheeyebeforeitreachestheearorthemind;andsimilarly,themathematicianlinesuphisformulasandequationssothattheirformmaymakeanaestheticimpression.Somemathematiciansaregiventothisloveofarrangingandexhibitingtheirequationstoadegreethatbordersonafault.Trigonometry,abranchofelementarymathematicsparticularlyrichinformulas,offerssomecuriousgroupsofthem,curiousintheirsymmetryandtheirarrangement.

Thesuperiorityofpoetryoverotherformsofverbalexpressionliesfirstinthesymbolismusedinpoetry,andsecondlyinitsextremecondensationandeconomyofwords.Takeapoemofuniversallyacknowledgedmerit,say,Shelley’spoem“ToNight”.Hereisthesecondstanza:Wrapthyforminamantlegray,star-inwrought!BlindwiththinehairtheeyesofDay;Kissheruntilshebeweariedout;Thenwandero’ercity,andsea,andland.Touchingallwiththineopiatewand—Come,long-sought!

Takenliterally,allthisis,ofcourse,sheernonsenseandnothingelse.Nighthasnohair,nightdoesnotwearanyclothes,andnightisnotanillicitpeddlerofnarcotics.Butisthereanybodybalmyenoughtotakethewordsofthepoetliterally?Thewordshereareonlycomparisons,onlysymbols.Forthesakeofcondensationthepoetdoesn’tbotherstatingthathissymbolsmeansuchandsuch,butgoesontotreatthemasiftheywererealities.

Themathematiciandoesthesethingspreciselyasthepoetdoes.Takenumbersforexample,theveryideaofwhichisanabstraction,orsymbol.Whenyouwritethefigure3,youhavecreatedasymbolforasymbol,andwhenyousayinalgebrathatisanumber,youhavecondensedallthesymbolsforallthenumbersintooneall-embracingsymbol.These,likeothermathematicalsymbols,andlikethepoetssymbols,areacondensed,concentratedwayofstatingalongandrathercomplicatedchainofsimplegeometrical,algebraic,ornumericalrelations.Now,ismathematicsanart?

1.Thesimilaritybetweentheactivitiesofmathematiciansandthoseofartistsis（）.

2.InMaximeBocher’sopinion,whatisthefundamentalelementthatmakesagoodartistormathematician?

3.Inwhatwaydomathematiciansexhibitthesameelementsofbeautyaspoet?

4.Poetryissuperiortootherformsofexpressionforits（）.

5.Justlikepoets,mathematiciansmay（）.

问题1选项

A.botharecontrolledbytheexternalworld

B.bothrememberthesensesoftheworld

C.botharenotfancifulbutreal

D.bothinvolveconstantcreating

问题2选项

A.Numericalskills.

B.Imagination.

C.Creation.

D.Senseofbeauty.

问题3选项

A.Mathematicianswouldliketosparenoefforttomaketheirproofselegant.

B.Mathematicianslovetoarrangetheirformulasandequationssothattheytakeabeautifulform.

C.Mathematiciansseldomarrangetheirformulasandequationsinsymmetry.

D.Mathematiciansliketoarrangetheirformulasinverses.

问题4选项

A.unusualdiction

B.imaginativeexpression

C.symbolism,condensationandeconomyofwords

D.condensationandimaginativediction

问题5选项

A.usesymbolsforthesakeofcondensationandconcentration

B.usesymbolsforthesakeofcomparison

C.usepoemsasakindofsymbols

D.usenumberstosignifybeauty

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworld