上海版牛津英语9A第三单元知识点语法点

1、版xx英语第三单元知识点以及语法点此刻完成时1.看法：表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对此刻造成的影响或结果.eg:Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?你吃过午饭了吗?Yes,Ihavejusthadit是.的,我刚吃过.(说明此刻饱了)Ihavelostmypen.我把钢笔弄丢了.(过去某时丢的,此刻还没有找到)IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay.我已经看过这部电视剧了.Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet?你找到扔掉的钢笔了吗?No,Ihaventfoundit不yet,我.还没有找到.表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,连续到此刻,也许还要连续

2、下去,常和for,since,连用,表示连续的动作或状态多为连续性动词.eg:Wehavelivedheresince2000自.从2000年以来我们向来住在这里.(说明向来住在这里,也许还会住下去.)2.结构:主语+have/has+done+,Done的形式：规则：1.一般情况下在动动词原形后加ed.如:work,jump,look,2.以e结尾的动词,直接加-d.如:1/16live,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i再加-ed.如:carry,study,try,4.以重读闭音节结尾且尾端只有一个辅音字母的,双写此辅音字母后再加-ed.如:stop,plan,不规则：keep-k

3、eptsweep-sweptsleep-sleptSell-soldtell-toldLend-lentspend-spentsend-sentSay-saidpay-paidBurn-burntlearn-learntmean-meantBreak-brokenspeak-spokensteal-stolenWear-wornbear-borntear-tornGrow-grownblow-blownknow-knownthrow-thrownSink-sunkswim-swumdrink-drunkring-rungsing-sungbegan-begunDrive-drivenrise-

4、risen3.时间状语：常与already,yet,ever,never,for+段时间,since,just,before,sofar,bynow,thesedays,等连用.注意:2/16already,yet,常和此刻完成时连用,already用于必然句,可放在助动词此后、过去分词以前，也可放在句末.yet用在疑问句中意为”已经”,用在否定句中表示”还”,常放在句末.eg:HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai你?去过上海吗?Ihavenevertraveledbyplanebefore.我以前向来没有乘飞机旅行过.Ihaventheardofitbefore.我以前向来没有

5、听闻过这件事.IhavebeeninBeijingfortwoyears.我在北京已经两年了.4.句型:必然句:主语+have/has+done+,eg：ShehasbeentoShanghai她.去过上海.Ihavefinisheddoingmyhomework.我已经完成我的作业了.否定句:主语+have/has+not+done+,eg：Ihaventseenfilmthis.我没有看过这部电影.eg：Shehasntfinisheddoinghishomework她还.没有完成她的作业.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done+,3/16eg:Haveyouseenthisfilm

6、?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavent.你看过这部电影吗?是的,看过./不,没有.eg：Hasshefinisheddoinghishomework?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn.她完成她的作业了吗?是的,完成了./不,没有.特别疑问句：特别疑问词+have/has+主语+done+,eg:Whenhasyouseenthisfilm?你什么时候看的这部电影?eg:Whohasfinisheddoinghishomework?谁完成了作业?5.当与一段时间连用时,经常用for加一段时间,这时候谓语动词必然要用连续性的.非连续性动词-连续性动词eg:Hecamehereth

7、reedaysago他.三天前来的这.(一般过去时)Hehasbeenhereforthreedays他.来这已经三天了.(此刻完成时与一段时间连用,非连续性动词变连续性动词.)HewenttoDalianlastweek.他上周去的大连.(一般过去时)Hehasbeenawayforaweek他.已经走开有一周了.(此刻完成时)Iborrowedthebooklastmonth.我昨年借的这本书.(一般过去时)Ihavekeptthebookforaweek.我保留这本书有一周了.(此刻完成时)4/166.词义辨析havebeento去过,(在当地)eg:IhavebeentoCanada我

8、.去过加加拿大.havegoneto去了,(不在当地)eg:HehasgonetoDalian他.去了大连.-Hello!CanIspeaktoAlice?-Sorry,sheisnthererightnow.She_totheshop.A.goesB.willgoC.hasgoneD.wasgoing3.-_you_totheNationalGrandTheater?-No,notyet.A.Did,goB.Do,goC.Have,goneD.Have,been4.-Sofarthegovernment_alotfortheOlympicGames.-Soithas.Werealllooki

9、ngforwardtothisevent.A.doesB.isdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoJohnscarisnothere.Ithinkhe_somewhere.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.willgoDavid_Chinesesince20yearsago,andnowhespeaksitquitewell.A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.willlearn-WheresMrWhite-?He_thewashroom.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.isgoingtoD.goesto8.-Whatdoyouth

10、inkofthenewfilm?-Itswonderful.I_ittwice.-A.sawB.haveseenC.willseeD.see9.-_you_himaroundthemuseumyet?-Yes,wehadagreattimethere.5/16A.Do;showB.Did;showC.Have;shown课文知识点总结learn短语learnfromsb向某人学习learn,.from,.从,.学习Learn,.byheart背诵，记住learnoneslesson吸取教训Learnof/about得知run举“办，管理，经营”及物动词eg:befamousfor以,而出名fa

11、mous“出名的，文明的”=well-knowntime次“数,倍数”可数名词Eg:ShehasbeentoBeijingthreetimes.Dontworry.Thereisenoughtime不.用焦虑，有足够的时间。Allthetime总是atthesametime同时bythetime到,时候Fromtimetotime有时，有时intime及时attimes有时，间或disappeared不及物动词“消失”刹时动词不能与表示时间的时间状语连用。Eg:这种植物在好多年前就消失了。Thisplanthasdisappearedformanyyears.()Thisplantdisapp

12、earedmanyyearsago.()Ithasbeenmanyyearssincethisplantdisappeared.()6/165.nolonger不“再”Heisnolongerastudent.辨析：nolonger/not,anylonger与nomore/not,.anymorenolonger/not,.anylonger指情况或状态的不再存在或连续。Wearenolongerachildren.=Wearentachildrenanymore.nomore/not,anymore一般指动作或行为的不再发生或重复。Eg:Thefamersnomoreuseanimalst

13、odofarmwork.=Thefarmersdonanimalstodofarmworkanymore.农民不再使用牲畜干农活了。6.lookdown俯“视”lookup仰望7.“beyond超”“出，越出”在另一边，在更远处Eg:Thevillageisbeyondthehill.农村在山的那一边。Welookedbeyondthelake,atsomestones.高出湖面，我们看到一些石头。8.won是win的过去分词，win作动词“赢，获胜”Win+比赛、战斗、奖品、名誉、成功等Eg:Theywontheraceeasily.注：若是宾语是竞争对手，不能够用win,而要用beat.,

14、beat指战胜人，战胜人，超越人Eg:7/16Youbeatmeintherace,butIllbeatyou赛跑at你tennis战胜.了我，但网球我要赢你。9（1）huge“巨大的，弘大的”表示体积高出一般的标准，用来形容“空间，距离，程度，容量，声音等”。Eg:Thepopulationexplosionisahugeproblemforallthecountries.人口爆炸对所有国家来讲都是一个极其重要严重的问题。2）Big表示尺寸，体积等“大的”平时用来形容有形的东西，而不能够用于抽象的事物，其反义词是small/littleThispairofshoesistoobigforme

15、.Itisabighouse.3）Large大“的，巨大的”形容面积，范围比正常的标准大，还可以够表示数和量的“大，多”比big正式。Eg:Therearealargenumberofstudentsinthezoo有.好多学生在动物园里。（4）great大“的，伟大的”用来形容比较抽象的事物，人格，权力。Eg:Ithinkheisthegreatestpoetinourcountry.10makejokesthat以,为笑柄Eg:Dontmakejokesaboutthatgirl不.要耻笑那个女孩。11.makesure保证+that引导的宾语从句，动词禁止时或of短语。8/16Makes

16、uretokeepthebabyawayfromanythingdangerous确.保远离危险的任何东西。Youdbettermakesureofthat你.最好搞清楚那件事。12.exceptfor除,“.之外”指同一类事物间的消除，可用于句首。Eg:Herarticleisquitegoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes她.的文章很好，可是有些拼写错误。Exceptforthebadweather,itwasanenjoyableday除.了天气有点糟糕之外，这是个快乐的一天。Except除“,之外”从整体中除去部分，不能够用于句首，消除在外Everyonew

17、asexcitedexceptTom除.了汤姆之外，每一个人都很愉悦。Besides除,之外别的还有，重视于别的还有，包含在内Thereisanothergirlbesidesmeintheclassroom.教室里除了我之外还有一个女孩。练习：-Wereallhere_Lucy,whereisshe?-Shehasgonetothelibrary.A.besideB.besidesCexceptD.of13As引导的时间状语从句表示“当,.的时候”EgAsIgottoschool,thebellwasring当.我到学校的时候，铃响了。hangup把“,.挂上，悬挂”，过去式和过去分词都是h

18、ung.当表示绞死之意时，hang是规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hanged.getridof摆脱“，除去”eg:Theyhavegotridoftheenimies.9/16Hehasalreadyreadthebook他.已经读过这本书了。Already是副词，意为“已经”平时用于完成时态的必然句中，位于助动词此后，实义动词以前。Theyoungmanhasalreadygone.在否定或疑问句中用yet，放于句尾。Eg:Ihaventfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Haveyouhadlunch?HaveyouevervisitedShanghai?你以前旅行过上海吗？Ev

19、er是副词，平时指“任何时候”，当与此刻完成时连用时，表示“以前”。放在助动词此后，过去分词以前。Eg:-HaveyoueverreadHarryPotter?-No,never.Haveyouever+过去分词咨询对方可否以前做某事。Eg:HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?练习：-Haveyou_spokentoaForeigner?-Notyet.Ihavetgotachance.AneverBalsoCever5.Since1996.自1996年（开始到此刻）Since可用作介词或连词，用于此刻完成时态，表示自从某个时间点开始向到达此刻。Ihavebeenheresin

20、ce2003我.自从2003年就在这了。10/16Theyhavelivedheresincetheymovedtocity.表示某一点时间开始到此刻用since，表示谓语动作连续了一段时间到此刻则用介词for，即“for+一段时间”eg:Shehasworkedonthefarmformorethan20years她.已经在农场工作了20多天了。用howlong提问。6.Either,.or,.也许,“.也许”Thechildmustbeeithertiredorhungry.这个少儿不是累了就是饿了。Either用法：作形容词时，表示（两者之中）任一的Eg:Youcanuseeitherp

21、en.作代词时，常表示“（两者之中）的任何一个”常与of短语连用或作宾语。Eg:Eitherofthemwillagreewithyou.他们两个人都会赞成你的建议。（3）either作副词时，常用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也”。Eg:Mysisterdoesntlikenoodles.Idontlikeeither.练习：-WhenshallIphoneyou,morningorafternoon?-_.Illbeathomeallday.11/16AAllBBothCEitherDNeither7.usedto+动词原形“过去经常做某事”表示已经过去的习惯或状态。Eg:InChi

22、na,peopleusedtothinkthatChangThereusedtobeafactoryhere.ewasonthemoon.拓展：beusedtodosth表示“被用于做某事”eg:Astampisusedtosendletters邮.票用来邮寄信件。Beusedtodoingsth表示“习惯于做某事”eg:Iamusedtogettingupearly.我习惯早起了。练习：Mrwangusedto_tobedlate.Butnowheisusedto_tobedearly.Ago;goBgoing;goingCgo;goingDgoing;goShe_asananimaltra

23、inersince2003.AhasworkedBworksCwillworkDworked2-_haveyoustayedinNewYork?-Forabouttwoweeks.AHowsoonBHowoftenCHowlongDHowfar3.-Linda,whenshallwetakeawalk?-AfterIfinish_thedishes.AwashBwashedCtowashDwashing4.Howlonghaveyoupreparedfortheartfestival?12/16_.ASinceAprilBInAprilCOnAprilDLastApril5-Haveyou_v

24、isitedHongKong?-No,_.Aever;alreadyBalready;yetCnever;yetDever;never6、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_whatshappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow7、Hehas_beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still8、HaveyoumetMrLi_？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago9、Thefamouswriter_onenewbookinthepas

25、ttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten10、Ourcountry_alotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven_.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better6、Zhao6、6、11.LiLan_already_inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying12、We_XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegi

26、rl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew13/1613、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see14、ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?When_there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone15、_you_yourhomeworkyet?Yes.I_itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish16、Hisfather_thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin17、Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.We_friendssincetenyearsago.18、Howlonghaveyou_here?19、Hurryup!Theplay_fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.be