中考英语-现在完成时课件-人教新目标版_第1页
中考英语-现在完成时课件-人教新目标版_第2页
中考英语-现在完成时课件-人教新目标版_第3页
中考英语-现在完成时课件-人教新目标版_第4页
中考英语-现在完成时课件-人教新目标版_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩25页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、现 在 完 成 时 态 The Present Perfect Tense现 在 完 成 时 态 The Present Perfec 现在完成时 Present perfect tense 构成:助动词have/has + 过去分词1.肯定句 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)过去分词”。 注意:该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。eg. He has gone to school .They have gone to school. 现在完成时 Present perfect ten2.疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have

2、或has提到主语之前。 (回答用“Yes,-have/has“No,-havent/hasnt” )3.否定句:现在完成时的否定句式是“havent/hasnt过去分词”。 eg. Has he gone to school?Yes, he has./No, he hasnt.eg. He hasnt gone to school.They havent gone to school.2.疑问句eg. Has he gone to school用法一、1。表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,(强调结果现在还存在)例如I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗

3、过衣服。(“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”)I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响:不饿)Has he had his breakfast? Yes, he has. When did he have his breakfast?He had breakfast at 6:00.现在完成时态的分类用法一、现在完成时态的分类1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _2. I saw this film

4、last week.Now, I know this film because I_.3. I did my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_my father has bought many books for me.have seen it before have done it.1. My father bought many books通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just (谓语动词之前) (刚刚), already(已经(肯定句) ), before, yet(一般疑问(句末) :已

5、经;否定句:还) never, ever (疑问句) twice recently(近来)等状语连用 1 Tom has already finished his homework. Tom hasnt finished his homework yet. 2 I have just had my lunch. She hasnt seen you before. 3 Have you ever eaten fish? I have never eaten fish I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse?

6、 She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have alredy done that . Ive just finished my homework. He has not come yet. 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just (谓语动词之前)Exercises1. I _ already _(have) lunch .2. the train_ (arrive) yet?3.Tom _ never_ (be ) to China.4. The twins _just _(see)

7、my father.5. The twins _(see) my father just now.6._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.have hadHas arrivedhasbeenhaveseensawHave riddenExercises1. I _ already _7._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago.8._ he _(see) this film yet? No. When _ he _(see) i

8、t? He _ it tomorrow. 9. How many times _you_(come) here? Once.Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseenwillseewill seehavecome7._ you _(clean) th用法二: 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。A 动词使用延续性动词。B 和表示时间段的时间状语连用。常与for或since引导的时间连用so far, up to/till now, in the last/past+一段时间,all ones life, by now

9、, these days, these days、for two years、since 1984、since he came here I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?用法二:表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,也可以表示注意:(1)since一段时间agofor时间段; since t

10、wo weeks ago=for two weeks; I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. (2)since + 时间点for时间段 since 2000=for years(3) since+从句(常用一般过去时) The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris(4)It is /has been +一段时间 + since 从句. 自从某事发生已有一段时间

11、了. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意:一、用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince一、用for和since填空。_three hou用f

12、or和since填空They have been learning Chinese _ they came to China.2. I havent seen her _ a long time.3. He has been living here _ 2001.4. She has been doing her homework _ two hours.5. Its 5 years _ we left school.6. How long has Mary been a teacher? _ two years ago. Have a trysinceforsinceforsinceSinc

13、e用for和since填空They have been lea三、非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用,这些动词是:become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词have,keep等来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago .He has been in the Party for five years.He h

14、as been a Party member for five years.it is five years since he joined the Party电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago.The film has been on for five minutes.It is five minutes since the film began三、非延续性动词与现在完成时常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类:动词 be + adj.die finish open/closefall ill/asleepmarry sb/get marri

15、ed to第二类:动词 be + 介词.start/beginleavejoin be deadbe away from be in/be a member ofbe open/closedbe onbe overbe ill/asleepbe married to常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类:动词 第三类:动词 另一个动词 buyborrowget/begin to延续性v.becomeput oneg.keephavebe延续性v.wearkeephavebe延续性v.wearHis father died 2 years ago.The football match bega

16、n at 9:00a.m.The twins joined the army when they were 18 years old.My teacher left Nanjing 3 days ago.His father has been dead for 2 years/since two years.The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.The twins have been soldiers/ in the army、members of the army since they were 18years old. My teach

17、er has been away from Nanjing for 3 days/since 3 days ago.His father died 2 years ago.Hi1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 leavebe away from7 joinbe in3 gobe off8 diebe dead4 borrowkeep9 buyhave5 comebe here10 arrivebe here10 reachbe here11put onwear13catch a coldhave a cold14openbe open15closebe closed17

18、end/finishbe over16becomebe12fall asleepbe asleep1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 l注意点四:have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地(多长时间)”,现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。2、

19、have( has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”,现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用,例如:I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗?Have (has) been to 后面可接次数,表示去过某地几次。例如:They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好

20、几次了。3、have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之,说话时该人不在现场,例如:-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。注意点四:have been in, have been thave /has been to和have / has gone to 的用法区别 1 “ Have /has been to+地名 ”表示曾经去过某地,说话时已经回到说话地点, 常与once 、twice、e

21、ver、never 等时间连用。2 “have / has gone to +地名 ”表示去某地了,现在没有回来,人不在说话地点。 巧记: been to ,gone to 意不同,两者用法要记清; have been to + 地名,曾经到过某地行; have gone to + 地点,到某地去了。用have /has been to和have / has gone to填空 Hi,Lucy, you ever Beijing? No,I . What about your sister,Lily? Oh,she Chengdu, she will come back next week.

22、Ok,thanks. Youre welcome.have been to haventhas gone to用法四have /has been to和have / has g试一试,用所给词的正确形式填空1 I (live)here since I was ten years old. 2 I (live)here in 1998.- you your breakfast?-Yes,I have. -When you it?- 30 minutes ago.注意现在完成时的几个特殊方面:(一)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 have livedlived Have haddid have 现在

23、完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语连用;而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系,可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。一)现在完成时与一般过去时的句型转换eg:I have studied English for three years -I studied English three years ago -It is three years since I studied English试一试,用所给词的正确形式填空注意现在完成时的几个特殊方面:注意点一:现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的

24、动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响;一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围,因此,不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如:yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等 试比较:The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿)The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。(强调动作发生的时间在过去)I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。(表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在,

25、还可能会继续。)I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。(表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了)注意点一:动词的过去分词的规则变化,在动词后加ed,规则变化有以下四种:原形+ed 如:worked,passed词尾是e时,直接加d 如:likedlived若词尾为“辅音字母加y”,则改y为i加ed。词尾 为“元音字母+y”时,直接加d;如:playedstayedstudiedcried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed. 如:stoppeddropped 动词的过去分词的规则变化动词的过去分词的规则变化,在动词后加ed,规则变化有以下

26、四种不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词巧记规律AAA: put put put letlet letABA: becomebecamebecomeABB: standstoodstoodABC: eat ateeaten不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词巧记规律AAAcost-cost-cost read-read-readput-put-put cut-cut-cutlet-let-let set-set-setbeat-beat-beat hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt spit-spit-spit rid-rid-rid一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结

27、尾字母一般是t或d。特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是ri:d-red-red。 AAAcost-cost-cost 有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的:run-ran-runcome-came-come become-became-becomeovercome-overcame-overcomeABA有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的:ABA原型过去式过去分词例词-eep-ept-eptkeep,sweep,sleep-ell-old-oldsell,tell-d-t-tlend,spend,send,build-ay-aid-ai

28、dsay,pay,lay-n-nt-ntburn,learn,mean-ee-e-e-meet,feed-ought-oughtbring,buy,fight,think-aught-aughtcatch,teachABB(含规则动词)原型过去式过去分词例词-eep-ept-eptkeep,sw1.另有一些其它形式的变化。have (has)-had-had leave-left-leftlose-lost-lost make-made-madefeel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt stand-stood-stood2. 改变单词中间元音字母。sit-sat-sat (babysit) win-won-wonshine-shone-shone hold-held-heldfind-found-found hear-heard-heardhang-hung (hanged)-hung (hanged)ABB(含规则动词)1.另有一些其它形式的变化。ABB(含规则动词)ABC原型过去式过去分词例词-eak-oke-o

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论