医学翻译与技巧课件

1、医学翻译医学翻译目录翻译原则： 顺序 变序 分译 合译模糊语医学词汇： 西医词汇 中医词汇 目录翻译原则：顺序：保留原文顺序(多用于翻译单一主语的汉语长句)近年来，由于医疗技术的进步，人即使在受到严重损伤的情况下依然有可能无限期地活下去，这使得围绕安乐死是否道德的争论进一步加剧了。In recent years, thanks to the progress in medicine, humans can still stay alive indefinitely even if seriously injured, which has rendered the debate hotter a

2、bout whether euthanasia is ethical.顺序：保留原文顺序(多用于翻译单一主语的汉语长句)近年来，由2. 这些诊所可以为老年人提供访视护士和其他家庭卫生服务，公共卫生诊所还可以为毒品成瘾者或酒精成瘾者提供康复治疗。The clinics may provide visiting nurse and other home health care services for the elderly. Public health clinics may also offer rehabilitation programs for people addicted to dr

3、ugs or alcohol.2. 这些诊所可以为老年人提供访视护士和其他家庭卫生服务，公变序：对原句进行重组(要求打乱原句语序进行重组才能翻译出地道的英语) 为了能够在污染程度超过安全指标时建立并实行污染限度、为民众提出建议，公共卫生官员可以与污染控制机构进行合作。Public health officials may work in conjunction with pollution control organizations to establish and enforce pollution limits and advise the general population when

4、pollution levels exceed safe limits.变序：对原句进行重组(要求打乱原句语序进行重组才能翻译出地道分译：对原句进行切分(多用于翻译多个主语的汉语长句) 急性严重呼吸综合症是一种病因不明的呼吸系统疾病，由于它与菌株引起的典型性肺炎不同，因而也被称为非典型性肺炎。Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a respiratory illness of unknown cause. It is also known as atypical pneumonia as it is different from the ty

5、pical pneumonia caused by bacteria strains. 分译：对原句进行切分(多用于翻译多个主语的汉语长句) 合译：翻译时将零碎的散句组成一个整句（多用于英译汉）1.Since 80% of the medical resources in China concentrate in big cities and large hospitals, there is a grave shortage of medical resources in rural areas, as evidenced by poor conditions, insufficient e

6、quipment and low level of healthcare. There has been no radical reversal of the lack of physicians and medicines in rural areas. 我国的医疗卫生资源80%集中在城市和大医院，农村医疗卫生资源严重不足，条件差、设备少、水平低，农村缺医少药的局面还没有根本扭转。合译：翻译时将零碎的散句组成一个整句（多用于英译汉）1.Si2.Statistics suggest that of the healthcare staff in the rural township hospi

7、tals, only 1.6 percent are university graduates; 16.9% are graduates of junior colleges; 59.9% are graduates of secondary vocational schools, and 21.6% have no formal schooling. Obviously, this staff is inadequate to undertake the arduous task of healthcare services in the countryside. 据统计，目前农村乡镇卫生院

8、人员中，本科毕业生仅占1.6%，大专生16.9%，中专生59.9%，有21.6%的卫生人员没有任何学历，难以承担繁重的医疗卫生服务任务。医学翻译与技巧课件模糊语（vagueness） 医务工作者的交际对象病人是一个特殊的群体，患者心理上往往比较脆弱，对某些问题心存忌讳，在同他们交流的过程中，若适当地使用模糊语，既尊重患者，又能获得患者的尊重。 模糊语（vagueness）例： 1.在涉及到排泄物或性行为等禁忌语时： Number one（一号）代替piss（小便）； Number two（二号）代替dung（大便）； Communicate（交流）代替intercourse（性交） 2.在作出

9、某些论断时： 使用generally speaking, in general, likely, may, might等模糊性词语，使论断留有余地，提高严谨性。 3.在陈述某一观点时： 使用according to, It is said/reported that等模糊句式，表明其观点有据可查，强调了结论的可信性。例： 1.在涉及到排泄物或性行为等禁忌语时：西医词汇out-patient department 门诊部In-patient department 住院部Nursing department 护理部Emergency room 急诊室director of the hospital

10、 院长attending doctor 主治医师西医词汇out-patient department 门诊部heart transplantation 心脏移植terminal disease 绝症 diagnosis 诊断Skin-test 皮肤试验blood transfusion 输血artificial respiration 人工呼吸Department of internal medicine 内科Department of surgery 外科医学翻译与技巧课件中医词汇中医学 traditional Chinese medicine 中风 apoplexy 伤寒 cold pathogenic disease中暑 heat stroke and sunstroke 盗汗 night sweating 惊风 infantile convulsion沙眼 trachoma 中医词汇中医学 traditional Chinese m穴位 acupuncture point刮痧疗法 skin scraping therapy with water,