2022届高三英语二轮复习：语法填空 句子成分练习（无答案）

1、句子成分Name:Date:高考中的语法填空考察的是考生英语只是基本能力。从划分句子上可轻松地找到 语法填空的解题突破口。正确划分句子成分和判断句子结构是学好英语的必备基础，这不仅对语法填空题 型的解答有直接影响，而且对写好作文、理解完形填空和阅读理解中的长难句有重要 意义。句子由各个部分构成，这些组成部分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分为主语、谓语、 宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语等。【主语】在句子中，主语是谓语所表示 o主语一般位于,且不能省略。但在某些特定句式里，如疑问句、倒装句、祈使句、感叹句等，句子主语也可 以“下台”位于谓语动词之后或省略。能够充当主语的词和短语主要 有、和 等。当

2、主语为从句等时，为避免头重脚轻，可用 作形式主语。The most obvious example is probably Christmas, which is celebrated around the world.作主语Mastering a foreign language will be of great help in our life.作主语Whether she will be able to come remains a question.作主语典例(2021 全国乙卷)(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking

3、and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.【谓语】谓语用来描述主语的,常位土 0谓语动词可由和、以及 充当，有、和 的变化，有、和 的变化，同时，又受到主语 和 的制约。判断的依据是看 和 之间的关系，如果两者之间是 就用主动语态，如果是被动关系就用 OWhen he got up at 7:00 am, a big plan occurred to him.作谓语The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too

4、simple.作谓语We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.作谓语典例(全国 II 卷)Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. 【宾语】宾语表示,一般位于,受到 的限制和制 约，宾语一殳由、或 充当，根据需要也可用 作形式宾语。宾语在 结构中才会“翻身农奴把歌唱工I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.作宾语Suddenly he thought of seeing th

5、e beautiful views of the city again before setting out.作宾语Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.作 宾语典例(全国 H 卷)After(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of histo

6、ry!【表语】表语与前面的系动词一起构成（系表结构）。用来说明主语和这个“主表语与前面的系动词一起构成（系表结构）。用来说明主语和这个“主子”的、等。可以用作表语的有：、 、 、 、 、 、 、等。Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it.作表语Several minutes passed but the whole class in complete silence.作表语The important thing is to I cam and control your temper so that

7、 you may not do or say anything youH regret.作表语典例(全国 I 卷)Running is cheap, easy and ifs always (energy).【定语】定语是用来描述名词的 与 的修饰语，它常和名词构成名词短语。定语服务于它所修饰或限定的名词或代词。单个词做定语往往放在被修饰词之后。可以用做 定语的有：、和 等。We may have variousways to deal with such a situation.作定语All the books offered by the students are reported to

8、have been sent to the children inthe countryside the other day.作定语How Li Hua regretted the valuable time that he had wasted on the computer games.作定语典例(2021 全国乙卷)Provide(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【状语】修饰、或,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分做状语。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、原因、条件、让步、程度等意义。状语可由、等 充当。状语在句子中的

9、位置很灵活，所以说它“行踪飘忽不定二 常见情况为：通常在句 子基本结构后，强调时放在;修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰词; 表示、的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放句首，地点状语一般 放在时间状语； 一些表示频度的副词（如often, almost等）作状语时通常位于 之后，实义动词之前。高考一般考察副词修饰动词和句子的用法。After a weeks trip, he returned home, tired but very happy. 作状语 To compete more effectively with others, more and more people equip them

10、selves with a higher education.作状语Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.作状语典例 （ 全国 II 卷）Another reason fbr corns rise: The government encourages fanners to grow corn instead of rice （improve） water quality.【补语】补语是用来说明 或 的

11、性质、状态等的一种句子成分。补语可分为补充说明主语意义的主语补足语和补充说明宾语意义的宾语补足语，所以说它“寄人篱下”, 成不了 “主人工 可以用做补足语的有：、和 等。Well try our best to make our country more and more beautifiil. 作宾补 The boy has been made what he is.（这个男孩已经成为了他那样的人）作主补To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.

12、作宾补They caught the boy stealing.作宾补典例（全国 III 卷）Once his message was delivered, he allowed me （stay） and watch.【同位语】对句子中的 或 作进一步解释、说明，与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位语。英语句子表达中一般情况下是没有同位语的；如果 要对前面的名词的具体内容做进一步的说明，这时候就需要同位语。可以用作同位语 的有： 、和 等 OThey three want to travel around the world together on foot. 作同位语We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival, aholiday for us to show our respect for the