2022高中英语一轮复习课件：阅读完形天天练第二周主要意思题

1、第二周 主要意思题 (对应话题：计划与愿望)第二周 主要意思题 (对应话题：计划与愿望) 任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐步展开的，也就是说，每篇文章都有主旨要义。事实上，把握文章的主旨对解答其他类型的阅读题也非常有帮助。完形填空和语法填空也需要我们把握文章的主旨要义。因此，学会快速把握文章的主旨要义非常重要。 任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐步展开的提问方式：题干中常含有main idea或mainly about：What is the text mainly about？ (2020年全国卷；2020年全国卷；2019年全国卷)What is the main idea of t

2、he text？ (2018年全国卷)提问方式：题干中常含有main idea或mainly ab 解答主旨大意题主要方法是找主题句，主题句通常在文首或文尾。文章首尾呼应，也可能没有主题句，这时需根据文章内容去归纳。另外，注意以下几点：1. 段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。 解答主旨大意题主要方法是找主题句，主题句通常2. 首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。3. 作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨。4. 反复出现

3、的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。5. 表示总结或结论的词常有therefore，thus，in short，conclude，conclusion等。2. 首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。典型例题(2020年全国卷31) With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together. The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright

4、at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law：she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol主题句可知，由于年轻人无法承担离家费用，而老年人又面临着孤独的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起典型例题(2020年全国卷31) With t “We floated t

5、he idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.” And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint,it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.” I

6、ts hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. “We floated the idea to myOfficial reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013. O

7、ther varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of

8、all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1/8 millionOfficial reports suggest that 点拨：主题句是第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”，由此可知，由于年轻人无法承担离家费用，而老年人又面临着孤独的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。再根据第

9、三段首句的“in the UK”可知，短文详细介绍的是英国的现象。对比各选项，只有选项D“生活在英国的一种上升趋势”最合适，故选D项。 What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations. C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK. What is the text mainly abou星期一考纲词汇复记强化 _ adj.结实的 _ n.技术，科

10、技 _ n.治疗 _ vt.包含，含有 _ n.细胞firmtechnologytreatmentcontaincell星期一考纲词汇复记强化 _ adj.结实的firm _ vt.编程 _ n.图案，花样 _ n.物件；物品(item) _ n.食品杂货店 _ n.袖子 _ vt.取代，替换programmepatternarticlegrocerysleevereplace _ vt.编程programmepA. people will never get oldB. everyone will look the sameC. red will be the most popular co

11、lorD. clothes will be able to change their pattern1. We can learn from the text that in the future _. D 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“The particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.” 可知，衣服上的粒子可以改变衣服的颜色或图案，故选D。阅读理解A. people will never get old1.A. Milk will be harmful to health. B. More drinks wi

12、ll be available for sale. C. Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information. D. Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer. 2. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?C 推理判断题。由第四段内容可知，每个芯片都会包含该食品的相关信息，而杂货店里的每件食品都有一个这样的芯片，故选项C正确。A. Milk will be harmful to heaA. Nothing can repla

13、ce the Internet. B. Fridges will know what people need. C. Jacked sleeves can be used as a guide. D. Cars will be able to drive automatically. 3. Which of the following is mentioned in the text?D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句 “In 2045, cars drive themselves. Just tell your “smart car” where to go.” 可知，汽车都是自动驾驶的，你

14、只需告诉它去哪里即可，故选D。A. Nothing can replace the IntA. Food and clothing in 2045. B. Future technology in everyday life. C. Medical treatments of the future. D. The reason for the success of new technology. 4. What is the text mainly about?B 主旨大意题。由第一段可知本文讲的是2045年的未来，接着文章分别论述了未来科技在日常生活的各个方面的应用，故选B。A. Food

15、and clothing in 2045. 星期二 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.收银员 _ adj.羞愧的 _ adj.尴尬的 _ adj.头顶上的;上面的 _ adj.备用的 _ 收银台 _ 自娱自乐 _ 做一个演讲cashierashamedembarrassedoverheadsparecheckout counteramuse oneselfgive a speech星期二 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.收银员caA. The boy was shopping by himself. B. The boys mother asked her to do so. C. The cashier

16、was playing a joke on him. D. The boys mother was away for something else. 1. Why did the cashier ask the boy to pay for the purchases?C 细节理解题。由第五段第一句话“I didnt realize she was just trying to amuse herself.”可知，收银员只是在开玩笑，故选C。阅读理解 A. The boy was shopping by himA. Making a speech. B. Quarreling with the

17、 cashier. C. Answering cashiers question. D. Losing face in front of the cashier. 2. What made the boy angry?D 推理判断题。由第六段第三句“This lady asked me for the money, and I had nothing to give her.”可知，当收银员问作者要钱，而作者身上没有钱，因此感到尴尬，在收银员面前丢脸了。A. Making a speech. 2. What maA. He was always well-prepared. B. His sp

18、eech was about bulbs. C. He knew the bulb on the projector would blow out. D. He knew the classroom equipment was of poor quality. 3. Why did Norman bring a spare bulb with him?A 推理判断题。由第八段第一句“Ive always admired people who are over-prepared.”可知，作者总是尊敬那些提前有准备的人，下面举例子，说明这个人总是提前有准备，故选A。A. He was always

19、 well-preparedA. Chances favor those who are well-prepared. B. Money is the key that opens all doors. C. In fair weather, prepare for a rainy day. D. Accidents happen almost every day. 4. What does the writer want to tell us?C 主旨大意题。文章首段“Ive always felt a need to be prepared for whatever situation I

20、ve found myself in.”为全文主旨句，接下来就是作者用亲身经历来证明这一观点。尾段“So take money. Pack a light bulb. Be prepared.”与之呼应，可见作者想要说明要为未知的境况做好准备，即“未雨绸缪”，故选C。A. Chances favor those who are星期三 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n. 财产；所有物 _ n. 材料 _ adj. 积极的；乐观的 _ n. 轮椅 _ n. 差别；区别 _ v. 限制；限定 _ n. 欠款；债务possessionmaterialpositive wheelchairdistinction

21、restrictdebt星期三 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n. 财产 _ 去世 _ 设法成功做某事 _ 疗养院 _ adj.可选择的 _ 凝视窗外 _ 得高分 _ 取得成功pass awaymanage to do stha nursing homeoptionalstare out of the windowget a good markpay off _ 去世pass awaymanage 完形填空 After mother passed away in December, I found a glass bottle half full of spare change among her p

22、ossessions. A piece of paper was tapped to the glass bottle with five 1 written on it: Washington, D.C., Alaska, London, Hawaii, and Italy. 2 , the bottle was one of moms bucket lists (人生目标清单).1. A. competitionsB. associations C. distinctionsD. destinations2. A. UnluckilyB. Unexpectedly C. Undoubted

23、lyD. UnhappilyDC完形填空 After mother passed aMom grew up poor and lived her life without any of the material trappings (小装饰品) 3 with happiness. Yet, for my 4 life, she stood as a 5 of how to live a positive, happy life.3. A. associated B. satisfied C. armed D. burdened4. A. entireB. tough C. free D. st

24、able5. A. super hero B. bread earner C. goal seeker D. role modelAADMom grew up poor and lived her Living on just fifty dollars per month after her 6 were paid, my mom managed to 7 money to an elderly care organization every year. I once asked her 8 she was sending 250 to help a complete stranger wh

25、en she could really use the money. Her answer, “I have everything I 9 here. That poor little kid, though”6. A. listsB. billsC. tickets D. reports7. A. produceB. donate C. collectD. receive8. A. whyB. whenC. how D. where9. A. oweB. treasure C. needD. meetBBAC Living on just fifty dollar Throughout he

26、r life, she had no money, could 10 drive a car, had no job, and was 11 to a wheelchair in a nursing home. She never 12 it to Italy, London, Alaska or Hawaii.10. A. no doubtB. with surprise C. no longerD. with certainty11. A. condemnedB. abandoned C. adaptedD. restricted12. A. madeB. admitted C. blam

27、edD. celebratedCDA Throughout her life, she hadMuch of her bucket list 13 to be done. But she never stopped 14 , and that attitude of positive thinking was the greatest 15 she could have given me.13. A. refusedB. built C. remainedD. explored14. A. achievingB. waiting C. checkingD. believing15. A. ch

28、anceB. gift C. messageD. debtCDBMuch of her bucket list 13 作者讲述了自己的母亲：她一生贫困，但她有梦想，对生活保持乐观态度，心怀感恩，而且还经常做善事。1. D 选项：competitions竞赛，竞争；associations社团；distinctions差异；destinations目的地。由冒号后面的五个地名可知，此处是指母亲一直想去这五个目的地旅游。2. C 选项：Unluckily不幸地；Unexpectedly意料之外地；Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；Unhappily不开心地。毫无疑问，这是作者已故的妈妈当时列的人生

29、目标清单。3. A 选项：associated与有关的；satisfied感到满意的；armed具备(知识、技能或装备)的；burdened有负担的。由前文可知，母亲出生在贫困的家庭，因此家里过节的时候也没有任何与快乐有关的小装饰品。作者讲述了自己的母亲：她一生贫困，但她有梦想，对生活保持乐观4. A 选项：entire完全的；tough困难的；free自由的，空闲的；stable稳定的。结合全文可知，母亲对作者的影响是终身的。5. D 选项：super hero超级英雄；bread earner养家糊口者；goal seeker寻找目标的人；role model模范。结合文章最后一段可知，母

30、亲始终是教导作者如何过上积极、幸福生活的榜样。6. B 选项：lists清单；bills账单；tickets票，入场券；reports报告。由“fifty dollars”“paid”等可知，母亲付完所有的账单后，每个月只剩下50美元了。7. B 选项: produce生产, 制造; donate捐赠; collect收集；receive收到。由下文“care organizationshe was sending 250”可知，母亲哪怕自己每个月只剩下50美元，还是设法去捐款帮助他人。4. A 选项：entire完全的；tough困难的；f8. A 选项：why为什么；when什么时候；ho

31、w怎么，如何；where哪里。由下文母亲的回答可知，作者问母亲，为什么自己可以用这笔钱，却用这笔钱去帮助一个完全陌生的人。9. C 选项：owe欠；treasure珍惜；need需要；meet遇见。母亲认为，这里有自己所需要的一切，因此可以把这笔钱用于帮助有需要的人。10. C 选项：no doubt毫无疑问；with surprise惊讶地；no longer不再；with certainty肯定地。此处是讲，母亲的一生都是贫困的，没有钱，不能再开车，没有工作等。11. D 选项：condemned谴责；abandoned抛弃；adapted适应；restricted限制。结合“to a w

32、heelchair in a nursing home”可知，母亲的晚年是在疗养院度过的，由于身体的原因，被限制在轮椅里。8. A 选项：why为什么；when什么时候；how怎12. A 选项：made制作；admitted承认；blamed责备；celebrated庆祝。结合前文“had no moneyhad no job”等可推断，母亲未能去到意大利、伦敦、阿拉斯加或夏威夷。make it是固定用法，意为“成功做某事”。13. C 选项：refused拒绝；built建立；remained留待，尚待；explored探索。结合前文“She never”可知，母亲的人生清单中很多的事都仍

33、然是没有做的。14. D 选项：achieving达到；waiting等待；checking检查；believing相信。结合第15题可知，母亲认为，这种积极思考的人生态度是她能给作者最好的礼物。15. B 选项：chance机会；gift礼物；message信息；debt负债。见上题解析。12. A 选项：made制作；admitted承认；b Jerry stared out of the window, worried. He had been studying hard and his exam 1 _ (be) about to start. Although he had revi

34、sed the same things again and again, he wasnt sure at all how 2 _ (succeed) he would be. It had been his decision to take this optional computer programming course, 3 _ didnt mean he wasnt eager to pass. whichsuccessfulwas语法填空 Jerry stared out of the wiIn fact, he wanted to get a good mark in the ho

35、pe of becoming one of the software 4 _ (design) in Microsoft Corporation. This was Jerrys golden opportunity, 5 _ he felt his hand shaking as he picked up his pen to write his name 6 _ the paper. The exam was 7 _ (particular) important because he knew his future career might be at stake (在紧要关头).part

36、icularly but designers onIn fact, he wanted to get a go He took 8 _ deep breath as he opened the exam paper 9 _ (hand) to him. This was the moment of truth. Then he gave me a little grasp of relief. He knew the answers to all the questions; all his hard work had paid off. It was not long 10 _ he fin

37、ished all the questions.beforehandeda He took 8 _ deep bre Jerry为了实现做一名微软软件设计师的梦想，学习一直很努力。本文描述了Jerry参加考试时的心理。1. was 根据上下文，此处描写过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时态。be about to do表示“即将做”。2. successful 根据句式结构分析，所要填的词在句中作表语，应用形容词。3. which 因which在此处引导的是非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面的内容。4. designers 语境表示Jerry想成为微软公司的一名软件设计师。所填词意为“设计师

38、”且表示复数含义。 Jerry为了实现做一名微软软件设计师的梦想，5. but 根据上下文逻辑关系，前后两句之间意义上存在“转折”关系。6. on 语境表示在试卷上写上名字，故用介词on。7. particularly 空格处填的词在句中修饰形容词important,故用副词。8. a固定搭配take a deep breath意为“深吸一口气”。9. handed 分析句子成分可知，宾语the exam paper与所给词hand之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。10. before 固定句式It was not long before意为“不久就”。5. but 根据上下文逻辑关系，

39、前后两句之间意义上存在星期四 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.动机；积极性 _ vt.评价；评估 _ n.欲望；渴望 _ n.质量；品质 _ n.承诺；保证 _ n.目标 _ adj.灵活的，可变通的motivationevaluatedesirequalitycommitmentobjectiveflexible星期四 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.动机 _ adj.具体的；明确的 _ vt.重新考虑；再次评价 _ vt.使灰心，使泄气 _ 对表现极大兴趣 _ 按照计划 _ 承担责任 _ 直面挑战 _ 不断为梦想而奋斗specificdiscouragereassessshow great inter

40、est inas scheduledshoulder responsibilityface challenges strive for ones dreams persistently _ adj.具体的；明确的specificd七选五阅读 对答案: G B A E C 这是一篇议论文。本文就如何设定目标给出了一些建议。1. G 上文讲的是“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像在跳水板上的孩子，你会犹豫不决”。G选项“没有动机，你就既不能设定一个好目标，也无法实现它。”符合语境，故选G。2. B 37题所选的句子是一个承上启下的过渡句。上文强调了动机的重要性，下文提到“更重要的是，

41、你应该如何保持动力来实现目标？”。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”符合语境，故选B。七选五阅读 对答案: G B A E C 这是一篇议论3. A 上文讲的是“有时候你的心不在工作上”，既然心不在工作上，就会影响到你的工作，A选项“这会影响你的工作。”符合逻辑，故选A。4. E 上文讲的是“记住，目标是灵活的”。E选项“它们会根据环境而改变”符合逻辑，故选E。5. C 上文提到“你可能想成为一名飞行员，但你因视力不够好而无法成为一名飞行员。”下文讲了“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。C选项“然而，这不应该让你气馁”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。3. A 上文讲的是“有时候你的

42、心不在工作上”，既然心不书面表达 (2020年天津7月)假定你是李华，你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：1. 成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像等);2. 对活动的感受；3. 对自己未来的展望。书面表达 (2020年天津7月)假定你是李华注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：成人礼 the coming-of-age ceremony新冠肺炎COVID-19Dear Chris, Im so glad to hear from you. Yours,

43、Li Hua注意：Dear Chris, Im so glad to hear from you. Knowing that you showed great interest in the coming-of-age ceremony held in our school, I am writing to briefly introduce it to you. As scheduled, the ceremony was held on June 8th. Not only did we look back on what we had gone through over the past

44、 three years, but also we watched touching videos about how our schoolmates fought against the COVID-19. Dear Chris,Excitement and admiration welled up within me. The coming-of-age ceremony marks saying goodbye to the past and expectations of the unknown future. What we should do is shoulder respons

45、ibility and face challenges just like our brave and selfless schoolmates. As we all know, nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. I hope I can remain optimistic and strive for my dreams persistently. The bright future is awaiting the determined! Yours, Li HuaExcitement and admira

46、tion well星期五 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n. 时期；一段时间 _ n. 画廊；陈列室 _ adj. 自私的 _ n. 细节；详情 _ v. 激励periodgalleryselfishdetailmotivate星期五 考纲词汇复记强化 _ n. 时期；一段时 _ n. 现象 _ 留出；拨出 _ 一位助教 _(在大学)主修 _ 报名参加 _ 献身于；致力于phenomenonset asidea teaching assistantmajor in sign up fordevote oneself to _ n. 现象phenomenon完形填空 (2021届福建漳州适应性测试一)

47、Dont you love it when you have a bit of free time? After school or work, or during the weekends, its 1 to set aside in a little time for yourself. It is “free” because it is time 2 not working or studying. Do you 3 in front of the television or de-stress by cooking a nice meal?1. A. impossibleB. gre

48、at C. selfishD. convenient2. A. openedB. takenC. spentD. spread3. A. sleepB. sitC. eatD. relaxBCD完形填空 (2021届福建漳州适应性测试一) DoI 4 working as a teaching assistant at the end of April. So I had a whole 5 of free time at home with my parents before I 6 a new job. However, this period of time was not all th

49、at I 7 it would be. Before I came home, I had 8 about what I would do during this month off. 4. A. finishedB. began C. continuedD. enjoyed5. A. yearB. weekC. month D. summer6. A. foundB. started C. changedD. adapted7. A. thoughtB. saidC. looked D. guessed8. A. problemsB. concerns C. detailsD. ideasA

50、CBADI 4 working as a teachinI had plans to get fit, read more, visit museums and art galleries. And guess whatNONE of it happened. I was 9 . I watched television all day and I ate too much chocolate. Ive 10 that when you have too much free time, it just 11 “time”. 9. A. happyB. busyC. nervous D. laz

51、y10. A. discoveredB. remembered C. warnedD. wished11. A. adapts toB. takes in C. turns intoD. passes byDACI had plans to get fit, read mIt becomes much more difficult to 12 yourself to do interesting things when you dont actually have anything to do in the first place. Its a strange 13 , but I think

52、 its the same for most people. When you only have a little bit of free time, it becomes more 14 , so you use it well, but when its all you have, you 15 waste it.12. A. enjoyB. motivate C. challengeD. persuade13. A. cultureB. feeling C. phenomenonD. way14. A. effectiveB. precious C. obviousD. expensi

53、ve15. A. entirelyB. possibly C. actuallyD. simplyBCBDIt becomes much more difficult 本文夹叙夹议，作者通过自身的一次假期经历，发现多数人真正拥有更多空闲时间的时候，却未能利用它来做自己想做的事情。1. B 选项：impossible不可能；great极好的；selfish自私的；convenient方便的。首句love与great同义，为自己留出一点空闲时间是一件“极好的(great)”事情。2. C 选项：opened打开；taken花费，拿；spent花费；spread传播，伸展。因spend some t

54、ime doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。spent作后置定语。3. D 选项：sleep睡觉；sit坐；eat吃；relax放松。结合前句不用工作和学习，free time 就是通过看电视达到放松、做饭来减压。 本文夹叙夹议，作者通过自身的一次假期经历，发现多数人4. A 选项：finished结束；began开始；continued继续；enjoyed享受。后制信息，第5空后“free time at home with my parents”表明，在4月底，作者“结束(finished)”了助教工作。5. C 选项：year年；week周；month月；summer夏

55、天。由“I had 8 about what I would do during this month off”可知，有一个“月(month)”的假期。6. B 选项：found发现；started开始；changed改变；adapted适应。句意：所以在我“开始（started）”新工作之前，我有一个月空闲时间陪我父母。4. A 选项：finished结束；began开始；c7. A 选项：thought认为；said说；looked看；guessed猜测。However表转折，这段时间并不是与“我”原来“想象(thought)”的一样。8. D 选项：problems问题；concerns

56、关心；details细节；ideas想法。与下文句子“I had plans to get fit, read more, visit museums and art galleries”中的plans同义再现。9. D 选项：happy高兴的；busy忙碌的；nervous紧张的；lazy懒惰的。作者原来想做的事情很多，却什么也没做，整天看电视、吃巧克力。结合上下语境，体现lazy。7. A 选项：thought认为；said说；look13. C 选项：culture文化；feeling感觉；phenomenon现象；way方法。空闲时间多了，却没有做自己想做的事情，这是多数人存在一种普遍

57、“现象(phenomenon)”。14. B 选项：effective有效的；precious宝贵的；obvious显然的；expensive昂贵的。so因果关系，说明有一点点空闲时间就会变得“宝贵(precious)”，好好利用。15. D 选项：entirely完全；possibly可能；actually事实上；simply仅仅，只是。but转折关系，但是它真正属于你的时间时，你“只会(simply)”浪费它。13. C 选项：culture文化；feeling感觉语法填空 (2021届河北石家庄) Zhong Fangrong, whose score in the latest Gao

58、kao was among the best in China, made her decision to major in archaeology on Tuesday, 1_ (ignore) the head-shaking of shocked netizens. Zhong could have chosen 2_ (actual) any major at any university in the country. So it amazed people when she signed up for archaeology(考古学), one of the least popul

59、ar 3_ (major) in China. In a letter replying 4_ the famous Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi, Zhong expressed her desire to follow her heart, as Fan had done.to majors actually ignoring 语法填空 (2021届河北石家庄) Zhong FZhong said it was Fan 5_ had influenced her and gave her the confidence to study archaeolo

60、gy, and she wanted to follow in Fans footsteps and devote 6_ (she) to the field. Earlier this month, Zhong, a student from a small village, 7_ (make) headlines for her high score. Described as a “left-behind girl” by Chinese media, Zhong 8_ (raise) by her grandparents after her parents left their ho