句子成分课件

1、优选授课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan句子成分1、句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe构造、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或神态动词后边。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。比方：1).Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）2).Helikesdancing.（代词）3).Seei

2、ngisbelieving.（动名词）4).Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）5).Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）6).Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真实主语)7)Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(v-ing形式)8)Theyoungshouldrespecttheold(形容词)2、表语（predicative）:系动词今后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特色。表语用以说明主语的身份、特色和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get

3、,look,grow,turn,seem等）今后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。比方：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词）优选授课课件设计|ExcellentteachingplanIsityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）T

4、hemachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）Heisateacher.（名词）Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.（代词）3、宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后边动作的承受者动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式

5、）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.优选授课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.4、宾补：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完满。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、

6、介词短语和从句充任。比方HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（此刻分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（从句）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（不

7、定式）Dontlethimdothat.（不定式）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Dontkeepthewindowopen.（形容词）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（此刻分词）5、主补：对主语的补充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.优选授课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan6、定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

8、（形容词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongto(属于)thethirdworld.（数词）AiYanlingisachemistryteacher（名词）TheboystandingisTom.（此刻分词）Thebookinhishandwasboughtyesterday.(介词短语）7、状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和退步。Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastnightshedidntgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语）I

9、shallgothereifitdoesntrain.（条件状语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketcarefufully.（方式状语）地点：修饰v.时，平常放在所修饰的v.今后或句末。Thegirlsaresinginghappily.Thereisanewbridgeovertheriver.Herunsfast.为了重申可放句首。Overtheriverthereisanewbridge.8、同位语：?练习一优选授课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan一、指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.WhatabeautifulChinesepa