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1、TEST41.Whenastatementisnegated,itspresuppositionis_.当一个语句的否认,其前提是A.stilltrueB.falseC.alsonegatedD.neithertruenorfalse(正确答案:A)2.Pragmaticfailuremayoccur_.语用失误可能发生A.amonglearnersofaforeignlanguageonlyB.incross-culturalcommunicationonlyC.inbothcross-culturalandintra-culturalcommunicationD.amongspeakers
2、ofthesamelanguageonly(正确答案:C)在跨文化和文化沟通中3.Whichofthefollowingisapairofrelationalantonyms关系反义词A.dead/aliveB.large/smallC.male/femaleD.husband/wife(正确答案:D)4.Thesentence“JohnboughtaFord”_“Johnboughtacar.”A.presupposesB.entailsC.issynonymouswithD.isconsistentwith(正确答案:B)需要5.Theinferenceofconventionalimpl
3、icaturedependson_.惯例含意的推导A.thecontextofcommunicationB.thehearersknowledgeofthelanguageC.thesharedknowledgeofthespeakerandthehearerD.thehearersknowledgeoftheCP.(正确答案:B)6.Therelationbetweenthewords“animal”and“monkey”isthatof_.C.antonymyD.hyponymy(正确答案:D)上下义关系7.AccordingtoSearlesclassificationofspeecha
4、cts,theactof“advising”belongstothecategoryof_.A.directivesB.commissivesC.expressivesD.assertives(正确答案:A)指令8.Whichofthefollowingutterancescanserveasanexampleofthetypeofspeechactscalled“declarations”A.Imawfullysorryforsteppingonyourtoes.B.Youarefired!C.WillyousitdownpleaseD.Theearthisaglobe.(正确答案:B)9.
5、Theexchangebelowcanbeusedasanillustrationof_.A:Yournewskirtisreallynice!B:No,no.Itisverycheap.(正确答案:C)语用失误Intheexchangebelowthesecondspeakerhasfloutingthemaxim违犯准则of_.A:Themoviewesawlastnightwasfantastic,dontyouthinkB:Thesoundeffectwasgood.(正确答案:C)relationbetween“Christopherrealized“Winniewasgone”is
6、_.A.synonymyB.entailmentthatWinniewasgone”C.presuppositionandD.inconsistency(正确答案:C)预设12.“careful”inthephrase“averycarefulgirlD.complement”is_.(正确答案:B)修饰语13.Thesentence“C”_“C.”C.presupposesD.inlcudes(正确答案:C)预设Predicationanalysis展望剖析isawayproposedbythestructuralsemanticists构造语义学toanalyzethemeaningofa
7、_.A.morphemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence(正确答案:D)15.Thefunctionoftheutterance“Niceweather,isntit”is_.A.referentialB.directiveC.phaticD.descriptive(正确答案:C)16.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern(正确答案:C)“Lift”and“elevator”areusedrespectivelyinBritish
8、EnglishandAmericanEnglish,buttheyrefertothesamething.Thewordsare_synonyms.(正确答案:B)方言18.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryacts言外行为whosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_.A.commissivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives(正确答案:A)许诺19.Inthephrasestructurerule“SNPVP”,thear
9、rowcanbereadas_.A.isequaltoB.consistsof(正确答案:B)20.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern(正确答案:C)1.Utterancemeaning话语意义isricherthansentencemeaning;itisidenticalwiththepurposeforwhichthespeakeruttersthesentence.Alocutionaryistheactofsayingsomethin
10、ginthefullsenseof“say”.Specificactsthatfallintoeachtypesharethesameillocutionary言外point,butdifferintheirstrength.actofostensivecommunication明示社交communicatesthepresumptionofitsownoptimalrelevance.最正确关系性5.Reference参照iswhatalinguisticformreferstointhereal,physicalworld;itdealswiththerelationshipbetween
11、thelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.argumentisalogicalparticipantinapredication,largelyidenticalwiththenominalelementsinasentence.三、TrueorFalse(每题分,总合分)samesemanticfeatureoccursinonepartofspeechonly.Forexample,femaleoccursonlyinnounssuchasmother,womangirltigressandsoonbutnotino
12、therpartsofspeech.(正确答案:错误)toSearlesclassificationofillocutionaryacts,inviting,ordering,advising,promisingandapologizingallfallintothecategoryofdirectives.(正确答案:错误)formshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituationswhilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense.。(正
13、确答案:错误)importantdifferencebetweenpresuppositionandentailmentisthatpresupposition,unlikeentailment,isnotvulnerabletonegation.Thatistosay,ifasentenceisnegated,theoriginalpresuppositionisstilltrue.。(正确答案:正确)预设和蕴涵的重要差别是,预设不像蕴涵,是不容易的否认。也就是说,假如一个句子能否认的,原来的前提仍旧是真切的theviewsconcerningthestudyofsemantics语义,th
14、econtextualview,whichplacesthestudyofmeaninginthecontextinwhichlanguageisused,isoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.语意图识。(正确答案:正确)performinganillocutionaryactofrepresentative,thespeakerismakingastatementorgivingadescriptionwhichhehimselfbelievestobetrue.。(正确答案:正确)isbased
15、onsentencemeaning;itistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunicationorsimplyincontext.。(正确答案:正确)8.“above”and“below”areapairofcomplementaryantonyms.。(正确答案:错误)DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefound
16、withinthevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.。(正确答案:错误)whenamaximunderCooperativePrinciple合作原则下的一条准则isblatantlyviolated公开违犯andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversationalimplicaturesarise.。(正确答案:正确)TEST51.Thechildrenknowthetaboowords禁忌词,thepoliteformsofadress,during
17、_.A.atypicaldevelopmentB.grammaticaldevelopmentC.pragmaticdevelopmentD.vocabularydevelopment您的答案:C语用发展2._theorizedthatacquisitionoflanguageisaninnateprocess与生俱来的过程determinedbybiologicalfactorswhichlimittheimportantperiodforacquisitionofalanguagefromroughlytwoyearsofagetopubery.A.InputHypothesisB.Cri
18、ticalPeriodHypothesisC.InteractionHypothesisD.Sapir-WhorfHypothesis您的答案:B临界周期假说3.Infirstlanguageacquisition,imitationplays_.A.aminorroleB.asignificantroleC.abasicroleD.norole您的答案:A小角色4.Linguistshavefoundthatforthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccurs_.withlittleconsciousinstructionwithmuc
19、himitationwithmuchcorrectionfromtheirparentswithlittlelinguisticinput您的答案:A5.Inthefollowingstatementsaboutmotivation,whichoneisNOTtrueA.Itisdefinedasthelearnersattitudesandaffectivestateorlearningdrive.B.Ithasastrongimpactonalearnerseffortsinlearningasecondlanguage.Itoccursonlywhenlearnerslearnaseco
20、ndlanguageforexternalpurpose.D.Itplaysanimportantroleinlearnersuseoflearningstrategies.您的答案:Cmeaningthatcanbefoundinthedictionaryisthe_meaningofaword.您的答案:D外延7.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesisisabout_.萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说A.languageandthoughtB.languageandtranslationC.culturalstructureD.secondlanguageacquisition您的答案:A8.
21、Thefactthatalexicalitem一个词项mayundergoashiftinmeaningiscalled_inlinguistics.您的答案:Cmeaning-shift9.Languagechangeis_.continuous,regular,systematic,butnotuniversaluniversal,continuous,butnotregularandsystematicalwaysregularandsystematic,butnotuniversalandcontinuousD.universal,continuousand,toalargeexten
22、t,regularandsystematic您的答案:D广泛的,连续的,在很大程度上,按期和系统的theageoftwo,childrenbegintoproducetwo-wordutterancessuchas“mommysock”,whichofthefollowingstatementsdescribesitsfeatureThiskindofspeechiscalledcaretakertalk.Thiskindofspeechiscalledtelegraphicspeech.Therearecontentwordsinthespeech.Therearenotfunctionel
23、ementsinthespeech.您的答案:A11.Thelanguagecharacteristicofpeopleofthesamesocialbackgroundiscalled_.您的答案:C方言12.Themoststrikingdifferencebetweenthelanguageoftheoldandthatoftheyoungisfound_.inthewaytheyconstructsentencesinthewaytheyusebodylanguage您的答案:A13.AccordingtoFergusonsinvestigation,thehighformofalan
24、guageisusedinallthefollowingsituationsinadiglossiccountryEXCEPT_.您的答案:C政治漫画标题toSapir-WhorfHypothesis,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueDifferentlanguagesofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingtheworldaround.Languagestructurepeoplehabituallyuseshowsnoinfluenceonpeoplesbehavior.C.Languagefilterspeoplespercepti
25、onandthewaytheycategorizeexperiences.D.Languagepatternsdetermineorinfluencepeoplesthinkingandbehavior.您的答案:B人们习惯性地使用语言构造对人们的行为没有影响。ofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenlanguageandcultureisNOTtrueLanguageuseistintedwithitsculture.Therelationshipisanalogoustothatofstructuresandprocesses.Languageex
26、pressesculturalreality.Therelationshipoflanguagetocultureisthatofparttowhole.您的答案:B这类关系近似于构造和过程的关系。culturethatisabstract,ambiguousandhiddenrefersto_.您的答案:A“Radar”isa/an_.您的答案:D钱币制度18.Thestudyofhowlanguageislearnediscalled_.您的答案:Bthefollowingtheories,whichhasnothingtodowithchildlanguageacquisitionA.T
27、hecontextualistviews.B.Thebehavioristviews.C.Theinnatistviews.D.Theinterationistviews.您的答案:AAccordingtosomeinvestigations,allthefollowingcharacterizewomenspeakersspeechEXCEPT_.A.theytendtousesuchwordsasawfully,terriblemoreoftenthanmentheytendtobemorecorrectintheirusagethanmentheytendtospeakmorequick
28、lythanmentheytendtousequestiontagsmoreoftenthanmen您的答案:C21.WhatdescriptionisTRUEwithstandarddialectItisrelatedtosomeparticulargroupoflanguageusersinChina.B.Itisasociallyprestigiousdialectofalanguage,henceasociolect.C.Itisasuperimposedformaboveovertherangeofregionaldialect.D.Itismostcorrectinlinguist
29、icformsamongallthelanguagevarietiestolinguists.您的答案:C这是一个叠加的形式以上的地区方言的范围。famousline“Myloveisared,redrose”stirsuptheimaginationofabeautifulyounglady.Thisisthe_meaning.您的答案:B标记性的ThefollowingisthelanguageusedbytwospeakersAandB.A:Ididityesterday.B:Idoneityesterday.Hehasntgotit.AItwasshethatsaiditItwashe
30、rwhatsaidit.Fromthiswecaninferthat_.AandBsrelativesocialstatuscanroughlybeestimatedAndBhavecomefromdifferentregionsC.AandBdisplaydifferentlinguisticskillsandlinguisticcompetenceAandBhavelearneddifferentlanguagesatschool您的答案:A,B方的相对社会地位能够大略预计istruethatwordsmayshiftinmeaning,.semanticchange.Thesemanti
31、cchangeofthewordtailbelongto_.narrowingofmeaningmeaningshiftwideningofmeaninglossofmeaning您的答案:C意义扩大25.Aslateasthefifteenandsixteenthcenturies,onecouldmerelyaddnotattheendofanaffirmativesentencetonegateit,asinILovetheenot.However,inmodernEnglish,peoplewillsay“Idonotloveyou.”Thisshowschangein_.A.voca
32、bularyB.agreementruleC.syntacticrelationsD.negationrule您的答案:D否认规则isdefinedasanyregionallyorsociallydefinablehumangroupidentifiedbysharedlinguisticsystem.您的答案:A语言社区Variationinlanguageuseisalsoassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakers.Whichofthefollowingtermdoesthisdefinitionfitfor您的答案:Bsociolinguistic
33、conceptdoesthisfollowingsayingbelongtoIfwedontbeginstudyingforthefinal,awholesemestersworkisgoingdownthetubes.A.SlangB.EuphemismC.TabooD.Ethnicdialect您的答案:A俚语ofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutBlackEnglishA.BlackEnglishhasitsownfeaturesatthesound,word,andsentencelevel.BlackEnglishisspokenbyasmall
34、sectorofprivilegedblacks.BlackEnglishtendstoimpresspeopleasuneducatedandinferior.BlackEnglishisjustanothernon-standardvarietyofEnglish.您的答案:B黑人英语是由一个小部门的特权黑人所说的。30.Amongthefollowingtermsforthetypesoflanguage,whichisconsideredamoreneutralterms中立项您的答案:D语言变体InHallidayB.thetypeoflanguageselectedasapprop
35、riatetoatypeofsituationtheareaofoperationofthelanguageactivitythechannelofcommunicationselectedasappropriateforacertainsituation您的答案:B选定的语言种类为适合的一种状况32._varietyreferstospeechvariationaccordingtotheparticularareawhereaspeakercomesfrom.A.RegionalB.SocialC.StylisticD.Idiolectal您的答案:A地区33._inapersonsspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualtoformalaccordingtothetypeofcommunicativecontext.您的答案:C语体二、TrueorFalse(每题分,总合分)reasonforFrenchtousechevalandforEnglishtousehorsetorefertothesameanimalisinexplicable没法解说的.正确fromlearnsmothertongueistheonlys
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