浙江专升本英语2018真题

1、英语请考生按规定用笔将全部试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。选择题部分注意事项：答题前,考生务势必自己的姓名、准考据号用黑色笔迹的署名笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的地点上。每题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需变动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其余答案标号。不可以答在试题卷上。PartIReadingComprehension(60marks,60minutes)SectionAFormat（共20小题，每题2分，共40分）Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.Forea

2、chofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.PassageoneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:A.reportsayswaterisindemandaroundtheworldastemperaturesonEarthssurfaceriseanddemandgrowsalongwithpopulations.Thereportwasreleas

3、edthisweekattheWorldWaterForuminBrasilia.Theconferencehasbeendescribedastheworldslargestwater-relatedevent.FederalDistrictGovernorRodrigoRollembergspokeatapaneldiscussiononTuesdayattheforum.Hedescribedwatershortagesasaworldwideproblem.Thepublicwatersupplyhaslesswaterbecauseoflowrainfallaswellasfasta

4、nddisorderlygrowthinBrasilia,whichispartoftheFederalDistrict,Rollembergsaid.InJanuary2016,afterthreeyearsoflittlerain,districtofficialsbeganlimitinghowmuchwaterpeoplecoulduse.ThegovernmentsoftheFederalDistrictandthenearbystateofGoiasalsogave$166milliontodevelopwaterinfrastructure.Demandaroundtheworl

5、disexpectedtoincreasebynearlyone-thirdby2050.Bythen,5billionpeoplecouldbeleftwithpooraccesstowater,theinits2018WorldWaterDevelopmentReport.Toavoidsuchacrisis,U.N.officialscalledfornature-basedsolutionsthatuseorcopynaturalprocessesthatshouldbeusedtoincreasewateravailability.Theysaidsolutionscouldincl

6、udechangingfarmingmethodssofieldskeepmoremoistureandnutrients,collectingrainwater,andprotectingwetlands.Theofficialsalsoproposedreestablishingfloodplainsandsaidthatplantscouldbegrownonhousetops.Suchproposalswillbecomemoreimportantaswaterindustriesgrow.1.WhotalkedaboutwatershortagesinBrasiliaatapanel

7、discussion?A.JournalistC.AFederalDistrictofficialD.AnofficialfromthestateofGoias2.WhatisamongthereasonsforlesspublicwatersupplyinBrasilia?A.WasteofrainwaterB.InsufficientrainfallC.GrowingplantsontheroofsD.Developmentininfrastructure3.WhatdidtheFederalDistrictgovernmentdotodealwithwatershortage?A.The

8、ycontrolledpopulationB.TheylimitedwaterconsumptionC.TheyinvestedinartificialrainmakingD.Theysuggested“nature-basedsolutions”4.WhatisNota“nature-basedsolution”?A.GatheringrainwaterB.PreservingwetlandsC.SustainingwaterinsoilD.BuildinghouseonfloodplainsWhatsthemainideaofthispassage?Brasiliaisfacingthep

9、roblemofwatershortagesTheworldhasfoundasolutionofwatershortagesC.TheworldisfacingtheproblemofwatershortagesD.AreportwasreleasedattheworldwaterForuminBrasiliaPassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:TheQueenhasonlygivenoneinterviewwhileasovereign.Hertruepersonalityremainselusivetothepubl

10、ic.However,onethingisclear:QueenElizabethisanintrovert.Introvertspreferquietenvironmentsandfeelenergizedfromspendingtimealoneorwithpeopletheyknowwell.Theyarentnecessarilyshy,buttheydotendtobemorereservedandguardedwithstrangers.FellowintrovertswillappreciatehowdraininganaveragedayforHerMajestymustbe.

11、Fortunately,theQueenhassometrickstomakepublicengagementseasier.Justlikeuscommonersrelyonfriendstosaveusfromawkwardsituationsorboringconversations,shesubtlysignalstoherstaffwhenshewantsanintervention.Ifsheplacesherhandbagonthetable,itindicatesthatshewantstheeventtoendinthenextfiveminutes.Formoreurgen

12、tsituations,puttingherbagonthefloorshowsthatshewantsherlady-in-waitingtorescueherimmediately.Mostcomfortableinthecountryside,theQueenhasawell-knownpassionforhorsesanddogs.ThereisasceneinthehitNetflixshowTheCrownwhichrevealsafascinatingsideofthemonarch.WhilegivingJackieKennedyapersonaltourofBuckingha

13、mPalace,thetwowomenfindthemselvesbondingovertheirrespectivepositionsasintrovertedwomenwhohavefoundthemselvesinthelimelight.SurroundedbytheQueensbeloveddogs,bothwomenadmittheyarehappiestaroundanimalsandthattheirextrovertedsisterswouldhavebeenmuchbettersuitedtotheirpublicroles.Theunderlinedword“draini

14、ng”(Paragraph1)istheclosestinmeaningto_.7.Toberescuedimmediatelyinapublicengagement,theQueenwould_.A.endtheeventwithinfiveminutesC.wavetoherlady-in-waitingB.placeherhandbagonthetableD.putherbagonthefloor8.Inthelastparagraph,theunderlinedexpression“thetwowomenfindthemselvesbondingovertheirrespectivep

15、ositions”meansthatthetwoladies_.C.growclosertoeachotherD.showrespectforeachotherQueenElizabethandJackieKennedysharethefollowingtraitsorfactsEXCEPTthat_.A.bothhavesistersB.bothloveanimalswoman10.Theauthorsattitudecanbedescribedas_.PassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:BackwhenDisne

16、yproductsweretobewatched,notexperienced.WaltDisneyhadavision:athemeparkthatfeltlikesteppingintoamagicalnewplace.Now,wecanfinallywitnessWaltsfirstdream.Beforeconstructioncouldstart,Waltneededfunding.HeandhisfriendHerbRymanputtheirheadstogetherandmappedourtheirdreamfortheDisneyland.Injustonefrenzied19

17、53weekends,theirideacametolifeonpaper-andyoullnoticebothsubtledifferencesfromandremarkablesimilaritiestothemodernAnaheim,California,park.Liketoday,visitorswouldhaveenteredtheparkintoaMainStreetUSA-typearea.Thetunnelsarentaswideastheywereimaginedmorethan60yearsago,butpark-goersarestillgreetedwithatra

18、inpassingoverheadastheymaketheirwaytowardthemagic.(EvenwithamodernDisneymap,itstoughtofindtheresecretDisneyparkspotsyouneverknewexisted.)Waltalwayshopedforacastleasafocalpointofthepark,butitsreal-lifecopychangedfromhisinitialdream.Thefirstpalacewasasprawlingfortress,hidingamassivecarousel（旋转木马）beyon

19、ditswalls.Now,SleepingBeautyCastlehasmoreintricatespires,andKingArthurCarrouseltakesitsspinsinFantasyland,behindthepalace.WaltsvisionfortheMarkTwainsteamboatcirclingaroundTomSawyerIslandanditsPiratesLair（巢穴）hasntchangedmuch,thoughatthatpointitwascalledFrontierCountryinsteadofFrontierland.Thatwasntth

20、eonlynamechange,WorldofTomorrowturnedintoTomorrowland-andeventuallylostitsrocket.Astronautswalkedonthemoon14yearsaftertheparkwasbuilt,makingtheRockettotheMoonseemout-of-date.Meanwhile,True-LifeAdventuredlostitsfirstthough.word,whilemostoftheareastookontotallydifferentthemes.11.WhatwasWaltDisneysfirs

21、tdream?A.TobuildathemeparkB.TodrawamaponpaperC.TotravelinamagicplaceD.Todesignaseriesofproducts12.Beforeconstructionstarted,WaltDisneydidthefollowingEXCEPT_A.gettingfundingB.planningtheparkC.drawingtheparkonpaperD.daydreamingwithafriend13.WhichofthefollowingparkspotshasnotchangedmuchsinceWaltsvision

22、cametolifeonpaper?A.AMainStreetareaB.WorldofTomorrowC.SleepingBeautyCastleD.True-lifeAdventureland14.Howmanynamechangeshavebeenmentionedinthispassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four15.Whatisthethemeofthispassage?A.AtourinDisneylandB.WaltDisneyslifestoryC.ThefutureofDisneylandD.WaltDisneysfirstdreamPassagefo

23、urQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Youvemadeit.Youmanagedtonavigateyourwaythroughtheairport;youbreezedthroughsecurity;andyousuccessfullyboardedtheplane.Nowyourecomfortableinyourseatinthecabin,andtheresevenalittlebitofelbowroom,astheflightisntfullybookedforonce.Withthehasslebehindyou,yous

24、ettleinwithyourneckpillow,popsomeKennyGonyouriPod,andgetreadytospendqualitytimesleepingonaplane.Andyoureabouttomakeahugemistakethatwillputyourhealthatrisk,asreportedbyTravel+Leisure.ItsnotbecauseofKennyG.Itstheshuteyepart.AccordingtoMedlinePlus,fallingasleepduringortakeoffcouldcauseseriousdamagetoyo

25、urears.Itallhastodowiththerapidchangesinairpressureinthecabin.Ifyoureawake,anaturalresponsetoalleviatepressureonyoureardrumsduringtakeoffandlandingisto“pop”them,tomaintainpressureequilibrium.Ifyouresleepingonaplane,youcantactivelyworktorelaxthosemusclesandreleasethetension,soyoucanbecomesusceptiblet

26、odizziness,earinfection,eardrumdamage,hearinglossandnosebleeds.“Aquickchangeinaltitudeaffectstheairpressureintheear,”saysAngelChalmers,aBritishpharmacist,viaExpress.“ThisleadstoavacuumintheEustachiantubes（咽鼓管）whichmakestheearsfeelblockedandsounddull.”KeepthoseEustachiantubesclearandkeepthoseeyesopen

27、foratleastanotherfewminutes.Openthatbookyoujustboughtintheterminal.Afterall,therearesomemajoradvantagestobuyingyourreadingmaterialattheairport.Theunderlinedsentence“Youvemadeit”(Paragraph1)meansthatyouhavemanaged_?toboardtheplanetogetabitofelbowroomtogetreadytosleepafterboardingtomakeyourselfcomfort

28、ableafterboardingWhatwoulddamageyourhealthwhentheplanetakesofforlands?18.Theunderlinedword“alleviate”(paragraph2)istheclosestmeaningto_?HavingavacuumintheEustachiantubesduringtakeoffandlandingcouldcauseunpleasantsymptomstothefollowingbodypartsEXCEPT_C.theearsD.theheadTheauthorsuggeststhatyoureadaboo

29、k_duringtheplanetakingoffandlanding.A.toamuseyourselfB.tostayawakeC.tokeepyourearsclearD.tomakeyourselfcomfortableFormat（共5小题，每题2分，共10分）Directions:Inthefollowingpassage,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions2125,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistAGtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextr

30、achoices,whichdonotfitintoanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet.Whetheritisahotelstay,shoppingordiningout,avacationtoPariscanbeapriceyproposition.ButthereareplentyofwaystostretchyourdollarintheCityofLightsandhaveahigh-endgetaway.BarkleyHickcox，aParisspecialistandanownerofLocalForeigner，atravelco

31、nsultancy,hasafewtipstohelptravelersmakethemostoftheirParisiangetaway.21._TheidealtimetovisitParisisbetweenNovemberandApril,whenhotelpricesareattheirlowest.Somehigh-endpropertiesofferevenfurtherdiscountsifyoubookastayseveralmonthsinadvance.22._FamiliestravelingtoParisshouldconsiderstayinginahigh-end

32、apartmentinsteadofahotel.said.“Anapartmentislessexpensivethanbookingmultipleroomsatafive-starhotel,andsinceyouhaveakitchen,youcansavemoneyonfoodcostsbyeatinginoccasionally,”shesaid.23._Parisisknownforfinecuisine,butratherthandiningatoneofthecitysrenownedrestaurantsatdinnertime,goforlunch,whenthetabw

33、illbemuchlowerandthecuisinejustasgood.“Youllfindlotsofgreateaterieswhereyoucanhavedinnerwithwinefor35to50eurosaperson.”Shesaid24._Mr.HickcoxsfavoritewaytoexploreParisisonfoot.“Youcanfullyappreciatethecitysbeautybywalking,anditsdesignedforwalkersbecausetherearewalkingpathsandsidewalkseverywhere.shesa

34、id.Forlongerdistances,shesuggestedusingthecityAweeklongpasscosts15euros,andtherearestationschoiceifyouarenotsomuchfondofbiking.25._,Parissubwaysystem.Itsconvenient,andyoucanbuydailyandweeklypasses.DineoutEatsmartTrytheMetroStayinahotelDitchtaxisandcarsTravelattherighttimeChoosetherightaccommodations

35、SectionB（共10小题，每题1分，共10分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Pleaseblackenthecorrespon

36、dingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Iknowthiswomanwhowasafraidtotellpeoplewhatshewanted.Shedidnknow_26_tosayno.Instead,shegotherselftangledinawebofobligation,anxiety.andwhitelies.Shewas_27_.t_28_recently.IdecidedIdhadenough.Asanexperiment,1began_29_upformyself,evenattheriskofalienating(疏远)everyoneand

37、having_30_entirelifecomedownaroundme.Thatdidnthappen.HereiswhatIdid:Istoppedmakingprettyexcuses.Sayingnoissomucheasier.IfsomeoneasksmetodosomethingIhavezerointerest_31_,Impolitebuthonest.Thephrase,lmsorry,Ididntthinkthatisreally_32_me,”slipsoutofmymouthfasterthansomelameexcuse.Myfriendsandfamilydidn

38、tmind._33_Istoppedpeople-pleasing,noonecared.Agoodfriendaskedmetogoforcoffeeat5.Iwas_34_tohitthegym.Isaid,Sorry,IvegotthingsIwanttodotonight.Shesaid.Thatsfine.Maybeanothertime.Learninghowtosaynohasaddedseveralextrahourstomydays,days_35_myweeks,andwhatfeelslikemonthstomyyears,saying“No”hassetmefree.A

39、.facingB.toC.herD.inE.forF.whatG.standingH.AndI.myJ.butK.meL.WhenM.onN.planningO.howPartIIIntegratedTesting(共30分)SectionACloze(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thenblackenth

40、ecorrespondingletteronTheAnswerSheet.(20marks)BrazilianZarelaMosqueramovedtotheUnitedStatesasateenager.Theadjustmenttoanewplacewas_36_.Mosquerasaysshebecameabrattyteenager,asaresult.Butitwasnotjustthe_37_thataffectedherbehavior.Mosquerasaystherewasanothermajorstressinherlifeatthattime:Shewastheonlym

41、emberofher_38_whospokeEnglish.“BeinginacountrywithmyfamilythatdoesntspeakSpanishandmyparentsdontreallyspeak_39_,myparentsweretryingtogivemealltheseresponsibilities.”AlongwithSpanishandEngish,MosqueraalsospeaksPortuguese.Buttherewasanotheruniversallanguageshelearnedtoloveasachild:art.ZarelaMosqueraco

42、nnectedwithdrawingandpaintingwhileinschool._40_shemostlydismissedartasapathtoacareer.ShesaysherDad_41_alwayssay,Thinkaboutthe_42_”Mosqueradidnotthinkhewouldsupportthestudyof_43_onceshewenttothecollege.But,toher_44_itwasherparentswhosuggestedjustthat.Theyurgedherto_45_totechnicalandliberalartsschools

43、.”OneofthemwasRhodeIslandSchoolofDesign,whichwaslikemy_46_choice.”RISD,asitiscalled,_47_Mosqueraaswell.Sheenrolledinindustrialdeign.“Itsbasicallytodesign_48_andservices.Icouldbedoingsomethingmoretechnicalorsomethingmore_49_toproblemsolving.Whetherits_50_outabetterwaytofilterwaterordevelopingatypeofs

44、pecificshelter_51_refugeesforexample.Mosquerasaysthecourseofstudywas_52_includingmetalworking,woodworkingandmodelmaking.Shesaysinoneclassshejustdrewcubesforanentiremonth,whichledhertoa_53_:“Wow!DoIreallywanttodothis?”But,shesays,she_54_thecubestudy.And,thenshebegan_55_onmoreinterestingprojects.Monqu

45、eraarchitectureisnowadeignandinteriordesignstrategistcompanyforinMarshallWashington,MoyaDesign,.an36.A.successfulB.importantC.necessarydifficult37.A.ageB.growthC.adjustmentD.education38.A.familyB.peersC.friendsD.class39.A.SpanishB.EnglishC.PortugueseD.French40.A.SoB.MoreoverC.AndD.But41.A.couldB.sho

46、uldC.wouldD.might42.A.timeB.pastC.presentD.future43.A.languageB.artC.technologyD.design44.A.disappointmentB.surpriseC.annoyance45.A.applyB.caterC.adaptD.move46.A.topB.moralC.naturalD.popular47.A.failedB.rejectedC.choseD.urged48.A.machinesB.sheltersC.filtersD.products49.A.adjustedB.relatedC.affiliate

47、dD.exposed50.A.figuringB.wipingC.fillingD.ruling51.A.withB.forC.onD.in52.A.pleasantB.toughC.toughD.smooth53.A.questionB.problemC.problemD.door54.A.undertookB.fundedC.startedD.survived非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色笔迹的署名笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不可以答在试题卷上。SectionBShortAnswerQuestions（共5小题，每题2分，共10分）Directions:Inthispartthereisas

48、hortpassagefollowedbyfivequestions.ReadwriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet.ResearchersinJapanandAustraliasaytheyhavemadeprogressindevelopingabloodtestthatcouldonedayhelpdoctorsidentifywhomightgetAlzheimersdisease.Thescientistssaidthetestcanrecognizeaproteinknownasamyloid(淀粉样蛋白)beta,whichotherstudieshaveli

49、nkedtoAlzheimers.Theysaiditwascorrectmorethan90percentofthetimeinastudyinvolvingover370people.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalNature.Alzheimersdiseaseisthemostcommonformofdementia(痴呆).Expertsbelievedementiaaffectscloseto50millionpeopleworldwide.Bytheyear2050,itisexpectedtoaffectmorethan131millio

50、npeople.ThosenumberscomefromAlzheimersDiseaseInternational,anon-profitgroup.Currently,doctorshavetwowaystoidentifyabuildupofamyloidbetainthebrain.Oneisabrainscanorbrainimaging;theotherisaspinaltap(脊椎抽液)Butbothtestsareinvasive,costlyandmayonlyshowresultswhenthediseasehasalreadystartedtoprogress.There

51、isnotreatmentthatcanslowtheprogressionofAlzheimers.Currentdrugscanonlyeasesomeoftheeffectsofthedisease.Havingasimple,low-costbloodtestcouldmakeiteasierfordrugcompaniestofindenoughpeoplewhoareatriskofdevelopingAlzheimerstotestnewmedicines,JapaneseNationalCenterforGeriatricsandGerontology.Alzheimersdi

52、seaseisthoughttostartdevelopingyearsbeforepatientshaveanysignsofmemoryloss.Expertssayanimportantfactorinfindinganeffectivetreatmentwillbetheabilitytorecognizesignsofthediseaseearly.“Youhavegottowalkbeforeyourun,”saidColinMasters,aco-leaderofthestudyandaprofessorattheUniversityofMelbourneinAustralia.

53、“Youhavetolearntodiagnosethediseasedirectlybeforeyoucanhopetoseetheeffectoftherapeuticintervention.Andthatswheretherealvalueinthistestwillcome,”Mastersadded.Thispassagereportsthedevelopmentofa_testtodiagnoseAlzheimersdisease.Oneadvantageofthepresenttestisthatitcosts_thantheprevioustests.58.Allthethr

54、eetestsidentifyAlzheimersdiseasebydetectingaproteinnamed_.59.CandoctorscureorslowdowntheprogressionofAlzheimersdiseasetoday?_.60.Alzheimersdiseasemayhavealreadystartedbeforepatientshaveanysignofmemory_.PartTranslation（共10小题，每题3分，共30分）SectionAFromChinesetoEnglishDirections:Completethesentencesbytrans

55、latingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet.(15marks)_（发源于汉朝）,Shadow-play（皮影戏）becamepopularamongordinarypeopleinTangDynasty.62.TradebetweenWestandEastmovedthroughCentralAsiaalongthefamedSilkRoad,bringing_（发展与繁华）.63.TheGrandCanalflowssouthward_ofHebei,Shandon

56、g,JiangsuandZhejiang.（纵贯四省）64.BYDisnowfamousforits“plug-in”electrichybridcars,which,_（如其名称所示）,canberechargedbupluggingthemintoelectricitysockets.65.Ifyouaretostudyfor_（学士学位）,youhavetotakestandardizedexaminationonacoupleofsubjects.SectionBEnglish-ChineseTranslation(共5小题，每题3分，共15分）Directions:Translate

57、intoChinesetheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassage.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet.(15marks)WhenAskedhowfarengineershadcometowardscreatingartificialintelligence(AI),StephenW.Hawkingreplied:66)“Oncehumansdevelopartificialintelligence,itwouldtakeoffonitsown.Itwillredesignitselfataneverincreasing

58、rate.Humans,whoarelimitedbyslowbiologicalevolution,couldntcompetewiththem.WewouldbereplacedInmyview,thelateCambridgeprofessoriswrongbecausetherearestronggroundsforbelievingthatcomputerswillnevercopyallhumancognitiveabilities.67)AIhashistoricallyfailedtocopyhumanmentality,anditwillcontinuetofail.Threefundamentalproblemsexplainwhy.First,computerslacktrueunderstanding.AUSphilosopherJohnSearleproposeshowacomputerprogramcanappeartounderstandChinesestoriesbyre