供应链管理第三版Unit11习题与答案

1、可编辑修改WORD版本可编辑修改WORD版本 6/6可编辑修改WORD版本供应链管理第三版Unit11习题与答案 Chapter 11 Managing Uncertainty in the Supply Chain: Safety Inventory True/False 1. Safety inven tory is inven tory carried for the purpose of satisfy ing dema nd that exceeds the amount forecasted for a give n period. An swer: True Difficulty

2、: Moderate 2. Safety inven tory is carried because dema nd forecasts are accurate and a product shortage may result if the forecast dema nd exceeds the actual dema nd. An swer: False Difficulty: Moderate 3. Rais ing the level of safety inven tory in creases product availability and thus the margin c

3、aptured from customer purchases. An swer: True Difficulty: Moderate 4. Raisi ng the level of safety inven tory in creases inven tory holdi ng costs. An swer: True Difficulty: Easy 5. Carrying excessive inven tory can help coun ter dema nd volatility whe n new products come on the market. An swer: Fa

4、lse Difficulty: Moderate 6. The appropriate level of safety inven tory is determ ined by the un certa inty of both dema nd and supply and the desired level of cycle inven tory. An swer: False Difficulty: Moderate 7. As the un certai nty of supply or dema nd grows, the required level of safety inven

5、tories in creases. An swer: True Difficulty: Moderate 8. As the desired level of product availability in creases, the required level of safety inven tory decreases. An swer: False Difficulty: Easy 9. Lead time is the gap between when an order is placed and when it is received. An swer: True Difficul

6、ty: Easy 10. The coefficient of variation measures the size of the relative certainty of cycle inventory. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy 11. Product availab ility reflects a firm s ability to fill a customer order out of available inventory. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate 12. Order fill rate is t

7、he fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate 13. Product fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate 14. The distinction between product fill rate and order

8、 fill rate is significant in a single product situation. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard 15. Tracking order fill rates is important when customers place a high value on the entire order being filled simultaneously. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy 16. With continuous review, inventory is continuously tr

9、acked and an order for a lot size Q is placed at regular intervals of time. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard 17. With periodic review, inventory status is checked at regular intervals and an order is placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard 18. The ex

10、pected shortage per replenishment cycle (ESC) is the average units of demand that are satisfied from inventory in stock per replenishment cycle. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard 19. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cycle only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the ROP. Answer: True Difficu

11、lty: Moderate 20. The fill rate increases and the cycle service level decreases as the safety inventory is increased. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate 21. For the same safety inventory, an increase in lot size increases the fill rate but not the cycle service level. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard 2

12、2. The required safety inventory grows rapidly with a decrease in the desired product availability. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy 23. The required safety inventory increases with an increase in the lead time and the standard deviation of periodic demand. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy 24. A goal of

13、any supply chain manager is to reduce the level of safety inventory required regardless of the affect product availability. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy 25. In most supply chains, the key to reducing the underlying forecast uncertainty is to link all forecasts throughout the supply chain to custom

14、er demand data. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate 26. A reduction in supply can help dramatically reduce safety inventory required without hurting product availability. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate 27. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demand only if demand across the regions being

15、 aggregated is not perfectly positively correlated. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate 28. In case demand in different geographical regions is about the same size and independent, aggregation increases safety inventory by the square root of the number of areas aggregated. Answer: False Difficulty: Mo

16、derate 29. If aggregation reduces the required safety inventory for a product by a small amount, it may be best to carry the product in multiple decentralized locations to reduce response time and transportation cost. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate 30. The lower the coefficie nt of variati on of

17、an item, the greater the reduct ion in safety inven tories as a result of cen tralizatio n. An swer: False Difficulty: Hard 31. Manu facturer-drive n substituti on in creases overall profitability for the manu facturer by allow ing some aggregati on of dema nd, which reduces the inven tory requireme

18、 nts for the same level of availability. An swer: True Difficulty: Moderate 32. Postp on eme nt allows the supply cha in to delay product differe ntiati on, which results in disaggregat ing most of the inven tories in the supply cha in. An swer: False Difficulty: Moderate 33. Periodic review policie

19、s require more safety inven tory tha n con ti nu ous review policies for the same level of product availability. An swer: True Difficulty: Easy 34. Whe n using a continu ous review policy, a man ager has to acco unt for the un certa inty of dema nd duri ng the lead time and the review in terval. An

20、swer: False Difficulty: Easy Multiple Choice 1. Inven tory carried for the purpose of satisfy ing dema nd that exceeds the amount forecasted for a give n period is a. cycle inven tory. b. dema nd inven tory. c. safety inven tory. d. security inven tory. e. all of the above An swer: c Difficulty: Eas

21、y 2. Safety inven tory is carried because a. dema nd forecasts are accurate. b. dema nd forecasts are un certa in. c. adequate supplies are available. d. excess product was manufactured. e. forecast dema nd exceeds the actual dema nd. Answer: b Difficulty: Moderate 3. The trade-off that a supply cha

22、in manager must consider when planning safety inventory is a. increasing product availability versus increasing inventory holding costs. b. decreasing product availability versus decreasing inventory holding costs. c. increasing product availability versus raising the level of safety inventory. d. d

23、ecreasing product availability versus decreasing the level of safety inventory. e. none of the above Answer: a Difficulty: Moderate 4. The issue of product availability and the level of safety inventory is particularly significant in industries where a. product life cycles are short and demand is st

24、able. b. product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile. c. product life cycles are long and demand is stable. d. product life cycles are long and demand is very volatil e. e. a and b only Answer: b Difficulty: Moderate 5. A key to success at which company has been its ability to provide a high level of product availability to customers while carrying very low levels of safety inventory in its supply chai