托福听力复习准备阶段

1、 .DOC资料. 托福考试听力准备工作听力综述 （四）考试规则段落念完才会出现题目问题念完才会出现选项段落下方有进度显示答题开始剩余时间启动平均每道答题时间要算好Direction 做为热身要听好听力考试的内容与形式内容1各学科的基本知识及概念介绍 （美高一、高二知识）2美国值得骄傲的东西3自动规避近期发生的不好的事情4段子主题：长对话主要是师生之间讨论学习较多，生活场景相对少些，重点复习作业，考试，论文，选课等学习类场景新托福听力场景汇总之CONVERSATION篇课堂学习相关课外学习相关课余生活相关课程相关事务场景相关事务+专业讨论场景选课场景迟到旷课场景实验室场景图书馆场景课堂内容讨论场

2、景奖学金场景论文场景实地考查场景日常起居相关体育运动场景打工场景学生组织活动场景报到注册场景校园生活场景医院场景转学场景游玩场景课程相关事务场景场景特点：主要涉及到一些和课程相关事项的解决方法。一定以conversation出现，常见话题有：安排考试，调课事宜，课程辅助材料等。常见套路：和考试相关：考试分数；考试复习；安排考试；考试分数和课程相关：课程目的；课程类型；课程形式，课程作业 和作业相关：作业类型；作业方法；交作业相关和论文相关：论文的分数场景词汇：Discussion, presentation, topic, lecture, good choice, slide, librar

3、y, collection, check, librarianReport, office hour, submit, on disk, hard copy, soft copy, computer, print, computer labProject, ton of, cover, re-write, research data, information, input, presentation, completeTerm paper, grade, complicated, terrible mistake, edited version, submit, overtired, stre

4、ssed, rushing against the clock, mark, draft, print, final paper, maintaining average, application, drop, re-take, due, extention, discuss, check back, re-reading, submissionInformation, exam schedule, term, date, book, department, invigilator, sign up, sheet, bulletin board, faculty lounge, square,

5、 draft, dean, review, draw up, manually, consult, registerPhysiology 100, sophomore, second year course, first year student, transfer, begin my first lecture, introduce, complete, approach, laws of physics and chemistry, process of life, vital force, philosophical approach, scientific experimentatio

6、nFinal exam, midterm, multiple choice question, essay question, comprehensive exam, the subject, review, textbook, class note, the final will count for 50% of your grade, research project, run into problemsSchool bulletin, required writing course, first year student, third year stuent, research pape

7、r, sign up, cover the entire process of writing a research paper, selecting topic, final format, presentation, hand in, assignment, final gradeClass meeting, lecture, different concept, hand in, issue, revision, gradeResearch paper, due, proposed topics, make comment, the most frequent problem, broa

8、d, preliminary outline, schedule, available, appointment, final outline, no more than two pages long, thesis statement, precise statement, conclusionWorkshop, intensive, techniques and skills, personal attention, register, advantageConsecutive summer, community center, seminar, workshop, beginning s

9、tudents, advanced students, last four weeks, credit is awarded, informationDiscuss, schedule, midterm, administer, attendance, optional class场景例题：相关事务+专业讨论场景场景特点：场景性开场白+中间专业内容+场景性结尾。开头老师常见的会有几种寒暄，结尾老师会总结收场，中间的专业段落在专业场景中会涉及。常见套路：开头寒暄套路结尾总结套路场景词汇：场景例题：见专业段落选课场景场景特点：一类是学生和学生之间讨论选课，一类是老师和学生之间讨论选课。开场白部分即

10、可判定其为选课场景，文章内容和结构都相对固定。常见套路：文章的主题：Why does the woma come to see the man? What is the topic of the conversation? What is the main subject of the conversation?老师对学生的疑问：What does the professor concern about?课程太难听不懂学生选课太多跟不上学生基础太差学生对自己情况的分析关于退课和放弃课程文章结尾的延伸：What is the teacher going to do next? What is t

11、he student going to do next? What does the student feel at the end of the conversation?场景词汇：Course, semester, summer session, elective, bird course, splendor, lecture hall, lab, tough decision, pick, choose, grade, relaxed, paper, final exam, advice, sign upEnquiry, credit course, off-campus, progra

12、m, remote, access, internet, degree, distance education, diploma, requirement, format, print materials, audio-tapes, video, teleconferencing, deliver, cost, fixed date, history 490Drop, fail, math 101, rough, test, med schoolUse your advice, do premed, introductory course, non-science major, be weak

13、 in, do poorly in, meet at the same time, modern drama courseSemester, enroll in, graduate course, qualified, hard time keep up, favorite interest, challenging, easy gradePermission to register, take the prerequisite, the beginning course, catalog, instructor, previous experience, formal training, d

14、ecisionSignature, schedule card, advisors approval, quite a heavy load, drop the course, seminarSign up for a noncredit course, intermediate level, grade, regular meetingTransfer, bachelors degree, associate, selective, letters of recommendationHard course, rehearsal, extra time, once a weekFlight p

15、rogram, degree, license, excellent reputation, selective, 场景例题：迟到旷课场景场景特点：一个学生由于迟到或者旷课而向另外一个学生询问上课的内容。常见套路：学生旷课迟到的理由：why was the man late for class? 车坏了得病了睡过了所缺课程的主题：what is the topic of the professors leture which the man has missed?学生补课的套路结尾的保证：what does the man promise to do?场景词汇：feel good, cover

16、, lecture, point out, chapter, textbook, part, divide, project, focus, due, show up, note, transcribe, emailoversleep, talk abouttrouble with my car, lecture series, attend, admissionfill me in something, dentist, emergency, missed somebodys lecture, note, make sense场景例题：转学场景场景特点：学生想要转学或者转专业，可以涉及的话题

17、还包括转专业申请文书的写作等。常见套路：学生转学转专业的理由？why does the student go to see the professor? Why does the professor consider unusual about the students background?学生转学的特殊情况学生应该怎样去做场景词汇：Public university, private university, community college, reputation, class size, personal attention, individual attention, interac

18、t, group discussion, tuition, expense, cost, afford, affordable, location, environment, large city, small town, college town, top student, application, experience, special实验室场景场景特点：有些课是在实验室上的，就会涉及到实验室专门的词汇和专业内容背景。常见套路：实验室课程的专门用语实验室设备的专门用语场景词汇：Laboratory, research procedure, lab assistant, retrieve i

19、nformation, track the course, monitor, track the progressLab instructor, lab experience, setup, equipment, result, grade, lab notebook, proper precautions, protective goggles, toxic effect of chemicals, lab procedure, heavy metalWorkbook, material, experiment, available图书馆场景场景特点：学生和图书馆相关的场景，包括借书还书，图

20、书馆设施，图书馆内遇到的问题麻烦等。常见套路：美国大学图书馆的基本制度图书馆的基本部门设置和常见设施借书还书相关以及遇到的各种问题场景词汇：Library, chek out, spread out, focus, jam, spot, crowd, comfy, far awayDue, finish, renew, check, library card, late, mixed up, request, fine, overdue, pay, process, sign, suspend, privilegeLibrarian, facilities, reference room, r

21、eference material, dictionary, bibliography, literature guide, telephone book, periodical room, newspaper, magazine, academic journal, current issue, older issue, card catalog, listed by title, by author and by topic, call numberreturn, shelves, check out, reserve book, overnigh usesecondhand bookst

22、ore, inscription, front cover, signature, poetry bookpaperback section, indexexit gate, check outreserve, additional copy, article场景例题：课堂内容讨论场景场景特点：学生课下对于课堂的某些问题的讨论，可能涉及作业、教师等话题常见套路：讨论课堂留下的作业。讨论老师教学质量。涉及课堂内容，比如学生没有听懂课下讨论上课的某一问题。奖学金场景场景特点：学生与奖学金助学金相关的问题咨询工作人员。常见套路：咨询奖学金的种类奖学金授予的资格：What can be inferre

23、d aout the qualifications to apply for bursaries?如何申请奖学金奖学金申请的材料申请到奖学金的可能性奖学金的网站：What is the student most likely to do after this conversation?场景词汇：Scholarship, bursary, department, information, financial aid, monetary, grant, determine, committee, donor, apply for, financially, in need, consider, o

24、ut-of-town, requirement, website, on-line, submit, official, document, in personscholarship, available, maintain, average, mark, apply for, applicant, committee, honor, award, exam, candidate, weight, guarantee, grade point average (GPA), percent, website, address, rigorous, extra-curricular, hardsh

25、ip, achievement, letter of recommendation, fill, time consuming job, recommend, eligibility, enrolment场景例题：论文场景场景特点：学生与写论文相关的问题和教授讨论。内容和结构相对固定。常见套路：论文题目选定论文中包括的资料查找：What information will the man include in his report?老师对论文的后续服务：What does the professor offer to do for the man?场景词汇：Organize, essay, to

26、pic, chosen, broad, narrow it down, compare, focused, interested, begin, discussion, opinion, fact, support, idea, check, statistics, percentage, include, words, rough draft, outline, break down, subtopic, office hour, reference, materialResearch paper, discuss, topic, recommend, theory, work progre

27、ssReport, subject, catalog, published source, gather materialInformation, plagiarize, failing grade, gather, note, assimilate the information thoroughly, paraphrase, capture the mian idea, quote directly, finalize the research paperDraft, pass it out in our classes, clear up the problem场景例题：实地考查场景场景

28、特点：指学生fieldtrip野外实地考查的相关，或者外出的各种活动，比如采访等等。常见套路：Where? Fieldtrip的目的地When? 要去多久？何时走？何时回？Who? 哪些人去？哪个年级去？How? 怎么去？Why? 目的是什么？注意事项，比如带哪些东西，不带哪些东西场景词汇：List, supply, on site, kit, notebook, axe, glove, instrument, measure, clean, cancel, weather, clothes, outside, food, snack, transportation, transport, d

29、igTrip leader, participate, report, field trip场景例题：体育运动场景场景特点：和学生体育运动相关的场景。重点掌握美国大学生所进行的常见体育运动。常见套路：托福听力中曾经出现过的体育运动项目每个运动项目的标志词每个运动项目所常提及的话题每个运动项目的背景知识场景词汇：场景例题：Spring cycling season, regular hobby, physical fitness routine, bicyclist, expert ridersEndurance test, recreational cyclists, racersSki pa

30、trol, ski patroller, safetyPhysical education class, rock climbing, rope, belt, buckle, safety equipment, climbing trip游玩场景场景特点：和学生出游度假等有关。可以设计度假旅游、周末休闲、郊游活动、电影音乐会等话题。常见套路：出游的目的出游的具体计划出游的内容出游遇到的问题场景词汇：场景例题：Break, racket, reserve a courtRock concert, vacation, weather打工场景场景特点：一类是招工场景；一类是学生之间、学生和老师之间谈

31、论工作的场景。常见套路：托福中学生经常从事的工作Teaching assistant, research assistant, lab assistant各种商业部门的工作家庭服务性工作与本专业、或比较有趣的工作工作的内容申请的手续和流程应聘的资格工作的待遇和时间手续问题工作的具体内容场景词汇：Summer break, work, job, offer, excellent opportunity, practice, wonderful, dilemma, difficult decision, plan, volunteer, NGO, chance, share, interestin

32、g, spend, accept, program, interview, company, application, apply for, money, adviceTough, exam, stressed, dread, cram the night, part-time, money, board, balance, hit the book, energy, tired, sleep, consolation, get through, fun, fondnessAnnouncement, hire, part-time assistant, experience, research

33、, dailyLaboratory assistant, fill out an application, fit into my scheduleVariety of job opportunities, responsible for, volunteer, service, postions are open, link of service, career training, program available, demand physical endurance, receive no salary, pay for living expense, housing and food

34、allowance, additional informationInternship program, advanced planning, career opportunities, working experience, short term experience, permanent employment, full-time, academic credit, supervise, hand out, career advisory service, living expence场景例题：学生组织活动场景场景特点：学生介绍自己组织或者参与的一个活动。常见套路：学生经常参加和组织的活动

35、班级竞选减肥公益活动活动的目的：What is the main reason for the woman to participate this activity?分发handout：活动的具体内容场景词汇：Run, marathon, motivator, back into shape, inspire, running buddies, positive, sponsor, tons of money, causeIntroduce, campus daily, volunteer, salary, ceremony, alumni场景例题：报到注册场景场景特点：新生报到注册时候遇到的

36、问题。常见套路：报到注册的时间报到注册的准备材料报到注册可能遇到的问题场景词汇：Registration, time, determine, first year student, mail, designated date, specific time, admission letter, continuing students, average, previous, session, pay, credit card, bank, teller, confirmation slip, in personRegistration, date, newly admitted student,

37、undergraduate, junior, sophomore, returning student, senior, check, pay attention, time, register, designated time, pay, fee, financial aid, financial officer, sponsor, authorization letter, on-line场景例题：校园生活场景场景特点：关于学生租房子或者宿舍相关的话题场景。常见套路：房子条件差与室友很难相处找房子租学校房子的管理制度场景词汇：Move, accent, pod, international

38、 group, major, lucky, excellent, booklet, regulation, rule, conductive, quiet policy, self-policed, problem, allow, smoke, cook, plug, dryer, voltage, alarm, kitchen, leftover, clean-up day, hot water, meter, washroom, laundry facility, basement, conserving energy, lounge area, heat, air-conditionin

39、g, atorage area, permit, hallway, community space, prior notification, safe, valuable, housekeeper, vacuum cleaner, lock, key, check, fire prevention equipment, cover, overnight visitor, arrange, in advance, religious propaganda, dorm, furnishing, parkRoommate, dormitory, unpacking our things, neatH

40、ousing office, living off campus, cost, rent, utilities, need a car to commute, noisy, peace and quietWinter break, dean, vacation arrangement, fill up the forms, heating cost, temporary accommodationHousing director, checkout procedure, leave for vacation, return your key, summer maintenance crew,

41、residence advisor, pass aroundApartment, dump, functional, noisy场景例题：医院场景场景特点：关于学生看病和医院相关的场景。常见套路：常见病症的词汇常见治疗手段的词汇治病的常见句型总结场景词汇：Diagnose, patients illness, painful, technological advance, blood and tissue sample, diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect,

42、 uncomfortable, endure pain, health careMedical clinic and infirmary, nursing staff, get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia, stay in the infirmary, dont feel well, rest more and skip a few classes, get medical excuse, the clinic hour, emergency numberModern medical facility,

43、 health needs, dental clinic, maternity ward, operating room, special sugery, surgeonsStudent Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists, processed foods, university hospitalPain, discharge, slight earache, take it easyPrevention, symptoms, cough, fever, funny nose, head and bones ach

44、e, chill, flu, influenza, overtired, stressed out, exposure to virus, sneeze, airborne virus, bodys resistance, ward off the flu, rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune system, fight off illness, immunized, vaccine, university health center长段落主要集中在：a. 生物学；b. 地质地理学；c. 美国历史；d. 文学、音乐、绘画、诗歌等（艺术史类）

45、经济，美国政治及法律生物、地质、天文、建筑、考古、心理发明史、发展史、美国重要历史事件、重要人物生平三、常考的考点话题的考点：动物学、植物学、艺术、历史。天文、地质。考点都是相通的。比如艺术家特点，受谁影响。L：动物话题，非常固定，不是所有的点都同时出现，但经常出现，食谱如雷还是两栖类，部位及特征，繁殖的条件多少，与其他事物的关系，栖息地及特征，习性（冬眠、迁徙），相关的研究百分百考。新托福听力场景汇总之LECTURE篇生物学相关地质天文学相关新技术发明相关生物学动物学海洋生物学植物学气象学地质学天文学人类学相关人类学社会热门话题相关环保相关能源相关发明史发展史发展史发明史考古学地理学四、常考

46、的词汇不需要深厚的背景知识，不需要天文学的背景，熟悉一些词汇（可控范围之内）精准，熟练程度book apple HibernateCamouflageMigrate city migratoryMammalAmphibian两栖Parasite寄生虫新托福听力场景汇总之LECTURE篇生物学antibody抗体toxin毒素immunity免疫immunology免疫学vaccine疫苗fungus真菌bacteria细菌fermentation发酵inflection传染 / 感染microorganism / microbe微生物virus病毒disfection消毒sterilizati

47、on灭菌biology生物学marine biology海洋生物学entomology昆虫学ornithology鸟类学microbiology微生物学genetics遗传学speciology物种学parasitology寄生虫学paleontology古生物学paleontologist古生物学家dinosaur恐龙die out / extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物carnivore食肉动物rodent啮齿类动物underwater水下的marine海洋的scuba水下呼吸器diving潜水 / 跳水one-celled organism单细胞有机体tissue（动植物细胞的

48、）组织protective camouflage保护色predator捕猎者oceanic snail蜗牛animal adaptation动物适应性survival of the fittest适者生存origin of species物种起源wild environment野生环境insecticide杀虫剂prenatal care产后护理habitat栖息地tentacle触须prey捕食navigate导航tiny receptor接收器nerve / specimen物种amphibian两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少gene基因genetic基因的，

49、遗传的endangered species濒危动物survival活着的transition转变/过渡microbe微生物yeast酵母（菌）bacteria细菌single-cell单细胞reptile爬行类动物hatch孵化incubation孵化nest巢offspring子孙chew up咀嚼unfertilized eggs未受精卵nutrient营养品nourishment营养品 / 食物feed喂养cannibalism同类相食respiration呼吸ingestion摄食digestion消化digestive enzyme消化酶cell细胞nucleus细胞核cytopla

50、sm细胞质plasma lemma / cell membrane细胞膜cell wall细胞壁protein蛋白质amino acid核酸plankton浮游生物heredity遗传mutation of species物种变异chromosome染色体genetic engineering遗传工程solitary独居social群居bio-diversity生物多样性metamorphosis变态/变形mutation变种variation变异动物学zoology动物学Darwinism达尔文学说natural selection自然选择phylum门class纲order目suborde

51、r亚目family科genus属species种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic life水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant反刍动物parasitic animal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm

52、变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous食肉的herbivorous食草的omnivorous杂食的bird鸟类camouflage伪装hibernate冬眠；蛰伏regeneration再生predatory / carnivore食肉的predator捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms（昆虫等）群flock（牛、羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生；卫生设施monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的/

53、一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的；流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige退化器fertilizer使受精metabolism新陈代谢breed（名词）品种；（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce繁殖spawn（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵anatomy解剖学appetite食欲creature生物scales鳞feathers羽毛armor甲spinal cord脊椎digestive system消化系统excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统circulatory system循环系统respiratory syste

54、m呼吸系统hormonal system内分泌系统digestive duct消化管esophagus食管stomach胃small intestine小肠large intestine大肠anus肛门digestive gland消化腺salivary gland唾液腺liver肝gallbladder胆pancreas胰squirrel松鼠marten貂bat蝙蝠squeak（老鼠等）吱吱otter水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒hyena鬣狗moose驼鹿beaver海狸elk麋鹿reindeer驯鹿giraffe长颈鹿rhinoce

55、ros犀牛hippo河马sloth树懒slothful懒惰的frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪salamander蝾螈scorpion蝎子turtle龟lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色龙caymen / crocodile鳄鱼centipede蜈蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰barnacle北极鹅penguin企鹅canary金丝雀chirp（鸟、虫的叫声）vulture秃鹫crane鹤stork鹳ptarmigan雷鸟migrate迁移plumage羽体camouflage伪装wing翅膀bill（鸟）嘴beak（鹰等的）嘴insect昆虫wasp黄蜂hornet大黄蜂spider蜘蛛pe

56、st害虫worm虫/蠕虫cicada蝉mantis螳螂cockroach蟑螂earthworm蚯蚓antenna / tentacle触须larva幼虫海洋生物学jellyfish水母nettlefish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster龙虾crab螃蟹mussel贻贝；蚌类clam蛤蜊oyster牡蛎sponge海绵starfish海星squid鱿鱼；乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole鳎；鳎目鱼plaice鲽，红斑比目鱼植物学botany植物学botanical / botanic植物学的horticulture园艺学a

57、quatic plant水生植物parasite plant寄生植物root根canopy树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf叶leaflet小叶rosette（叶的）丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot / sprout嫩芽/抽枝flower花bud花蕾petal花瓣peel / skin果皮shell（硬）果壳husk（干）果壳/（玉米）苞叶trunk树干bark树皮branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地/牧场prairie大草原mosses苔藓shrub / bush灌木cluster一簇（灌木）fer

58、n蕨类植物horsetails木贼类植物club mosses石松类植物herb草photosynthesis光合作用chlorophyll叶绿素symbiosis共生symbiotic共生的wither / shrivel / fade凋谢blossom花pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉petal花瓣nectar花蜜tissue组织organ器官system系统seeds种子everlasting永久的crossbreed杂交root pressure根压bore腔/肠cohesion-tension凝聚压力column花柱necrosis坏死barren贫瘠的；不生育的futil

59、e无用的carbohydrate (starch)碳水化合物（淀粉）glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin维他命malnourished营养不良的nutrition营养perennial多年一生的annual一年一生的verdant绿油油的，嫩绿的，翠绿的evergreen常青树conifer tree针叶树larch落叶松pine松树spruce云杉juniper刺柏；杜松sequoia红杉elm榆树walnut核桃树redwood红木树plum blossom梅花orchid兰花chrysanthemum菊花water lily荷花/莲花rhodo

60、dendron杜鹃花rose玫瑰carnation康乃馨lily百合jasmine茉莉花helianthus / heliotrope / sunflower向日葵camellia茶花corn / maize / mealie玉米pumpkin南瓜tomato番茄lettuce莴苣cabbage卷心菜wheat小麦rye黑麦barley大麦oats燕麦气象学meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家meteorological station气象站forecast / predict预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosph