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1、情态动词用法情态动词的语法特征 1.情态动词有一定的意义,表示或暗示某种情绪或 态度,表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即不随主语的不同而 变化。 3. 情态动词不能独立使用,必须和实义动词 一起构成谓语。 4. 情态动词除ought和have外,后面只能接不带to的 不定式。 5. 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、 分词等形式。 1. can / could 和be able to表示能力,指有能力做某事,意为“能够。注意:a.Can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人 b.can只有现在式和过去式, be able to 有各种时

2、态。c.表示过去“能够并成功了只能用was/ were able to, 不能用could。例如 She can/be able to sing the song in English. This machine can make you feel comfortable. My grandma is over eighty, but she can/ is able to read without glasses. We can/ will be able to talk about the matter later. I talked with her for a long time, a

3、nd at last I was able to make her believe me.(不能用could) (2) 表示请求或允许。意为“可否、“可以。 Could 比can 更有礼貌,在此不是can的过去式,注意在这种情况下做答复时用can。 Can you wait a moment please?Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?I wonder if you could help me. - Could I use your phone?-Yes, of course. /You cant. Do you thi

4、nk I could borrow your bike. (3) 表示可能性,译为“可能、或许,can常用于否认句(意思是不可能已经)和疑问句;could除用于否认句及疑问句外,还可用于肯定句(意思是那时可能;本来可以)。It cant be my father. He is now in England. -Can it rain tomorrow? -No, it cant. 4.表示“惊异,疑心,不相信的态度 (主要用于否认句,疑问句和感慨句中)Can this news be true?How can you be so foolish? It cant be Mary. She ha

5、s fallen ill. 2. may and might1 表示可能性,用于对现在,过去或将来的推测,暗示不确定。might 不是may的过去式,它所表示的可能性比may 小,含较多的疑心。He may be very busy now. (可能性较大)He might be very busy now. (可能性较小) 2 表示许可,表示允许别人做某事, 也可征求对方的许可。He may go now.We may keep the book for two weeks.may和might 用于一般问句中表示委婉的请求,肯定答复用may,否认用mustnt-May I use your

6、pencil?-Yes, you may./ No, you mustnt.3 用于祈使句,表示祝愿。May you succeed!May you have a nice trip! 3. will and would1表示意愿 表示愿意做或主动提出做,如意志,愿望或决心等,可用于各种人称 If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy. I promised that I would do my best.2) 表示习惯This old man is strange. He will sit for hours witho

7、ut saying anything.We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories.3表示请求, 用于第二人称, would 比will 更委婉。 例如: will you come this way, please? Would you open the window? 4. shall and should 1shall 的用法shall 在疑问句中用于第一,第三人称, 表示征求对方的意见。 Shall we put off the sports meeting until next month? Sh

8、all Tom go there with me tomorrow?b. shall 用于第二,第三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令,警告,允诺或威胁或者法律条文的规定。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. 警告He shall have the book when I finish reading it.(允诺)He shall be punished.(威胁)2) should 的用法a. should 表示劝告、建议、命令。 You should go to class right away.b. should表示“居然,竟然。 I cant be

9、lieve such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人 如此无礼。 c. should 表示期待预测,用于表达合理推断意为“应该会 “按理会,或明显的结果意为“可能会且所期待的事几乎是事实。 It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, she should be an excellent dancer.5. must must 用来表示“命令、“推测等含义。1表示规定、指

10、令 表示规定、指令时主要指客观上的法律、 条文规定,常常翻译为“应该、必须之类 意思。mustnt 表示禁止You must have a passport if you want to go abroad.Drivers mustnt drive after drinking. 2) 表示主观的命令、禁止表示主观的命令、禁止时,主要指 说话者主观的命令或强烈的劝告。You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night. -Must I hand in the exercise today?-No,

11、you neednt.注意与have to 的 区别。must 和havetoMust用于一般问句中,肯定答复用must否认式用neednt或dont have to,做“不必, mustnt表示“禁止,不允许 MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime? Yes, you must. No,youneednt. Youmustntgetdownwhilethecarisstill moving. 2.表示“必须这个意思时,must和haveto稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法,haveto强调客观需要。另外,haveto能用于更多时态。 I dont like thi

12、s TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.3表示猜测,语气非常肯定,近乎确定 的意味,一般用于肯定句,意为肯定。其否认为cant,意为不可能. You must be ill. I can see it from your face.He cant be at home. I saw him in the classroom just now.4) Must表示“偏要,硬要,指做令人不快的事情He must come and worry her with question, jus

13、t when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course,after I gave her my advice, she must go and do the opposite。 2. A: _ Xiao Feng find the origin of Easter from that book? B: No, he _. 1. A: _ you like to go to a special event with us on Saturday? B: Yes, I _ _.Wouldd like to go with you on SaturdayC

14、ouldcouldnt find itExercise 3. A: _ I go with my friend to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you _ _. 4. A: If I want to be a doctor _ I study science? B: Yes, you _. should study scienceMay may go (with your shouldfriends)5. A: He is very handsome. _ he play the role of the prince? B: No, he _ _. cant

15、play the role of theCanprince 6. A: The neighbour s children are older this year. _ they stop playing tricks at Halloween? B: Perhaps, they _ _. _ _.Mightor Shouldmight stopor should stop playing tricksplaying tricks at Halloweenat Halloween I think Ill give Bob a ring later in the week. You _. You

16、havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to D. shouldD 练习坊I. Choose the correct answer.2. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. ShouldA 3. There _ any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in t

17、he driving school. A. mustnt be B. shant have C. shouldnt be D. neednt haveC 4. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow. A. Should B. must C. will D. can5. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. ca

18、nD C 6. Someone is knocking at the door. _ it be Venis? No, it _ be her; she left for New York this morning. A. Can; mustnt B. Might; cant C. May; doesnt D. Can; cantD 7. Mike promised his doctor he _ not drink, and he has never drunk ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. wouldD 8. Is there a m

19、ovie on in the cinema tonight? There _ be. I will phone the cinema and find it out. A. might B. should C. can D. mustA 9. When I was studying at Beijing University, I _ take a walk along the lake every evening. A. will B. would C. could D. shallB10. Mr Brown, many students want to see you. _ they wa

20、it here or outside? A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. WouldA can; couldWhen I was young I _ climb any tree in the forest.Learning a language _ be a real challenge.couldcanII. 选用正确的情态动词填空。may; mightI asked if I _ go home half an hour earlier today.There _ not be enough money to pay for the repairs.mightmay

21、/ mightwill; wouldWhen he got older, he _ never do his homework.Nancy _ keep talking unless you tell her to shut up.wouldwillshall; shouldBy now, they _ already be in Dubai.I _ be replaced by someone from the New York office.shouldshallmust; cantYou _ have stayed up. You look so tired.You _ be 45! I

22、 thought you were about 25 years old.mustcantHarvest and Thanksgiving festivals canbe very happy events. (P2)考点 情态动词can的用法。考例1 It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes. (福建 2021)A. must B. can C. should D. would考点点拨 考例回忆选B。can表示“可能,意为“有时天气可能会相当冷。must必须、肯定;should应

23、该;would表示过去常常。考例2 You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago! (浙江 2021)wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt选B。此题考查情态动词表推测。cant意为“不可能;mustnt意为“禁止、一定不要;wouldnt常表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟;neednt意为“没有必要。SP2B1Z6%XQTIS8%CHuE7rsKj1ZKNVoHd!9tf7FkAGN*lwUg)aqHMxo8N+4gFvdD*HIkX+5zCW17f+W)jTVB-kU%nWVYn567$n0#$o

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28、%urXXPr#zu*VW3KDkT0oZpsQfBwvcrX*9KK9Ny1FYk%7e!5s5Srwf-AnujjDZ!9AnZeA8VCGk-i)Hq&UFYb-V*C%x2$HdXrBftH&cjQ(!NRYb&-I%HX7J4-tW)!Q2xrb5QbwewWfiaQRxXxPRDo84Nba1EYDBccYYoGIwDAM%lm3E#%!DzeMDYRGrVA5+hC+#+vsw$Sdr&9RhFQPnpThWdkGtpwg*8YFSaUeWMZi+4ThebTiq1!BaUXRE1zlE$KT1jeiB%vLI7u(BERro%-!CjtpLcN!%9L-vwCpPb*JSf&L

29、8I9h#+4zZrYZ9HpK#pKVw-5cbDH$S$SFHKbrNatfxaaxK4*vSzgKZcuhW-WiKc4RcC4sCCDJpM#pDLT(tLc*#-Ctsaa#hi1GXA3A15+xL5!QlZfJtlVh21597*o#hQG4*m!e-*Kwl2A8%nsr7k31hv)yjvcf&L8I!$DFgHSudWVs3$LMwOmdW3TV7M(t8uShVS#*bdqGH-yzp%T+JSWDTPHmtCU-*pcoLo#vfjS991hXP(hgRMU2+MUi)IYObEvFe)KWtAVR8aY%HWGTMecrX!O8zfU3C%aJxQlKQ1*LbmZB

30、563V*Ud4lBj+sw9U#0Y0aNNWlWx6lg%rsA*&oQm7ZDu*EXi#qZJYRBR8Id0bCxohMOKPfhXpvUKwbiOQyfp-Xm%9GzDM!64cBTOl)NFXnF*EC79IUdLqIE+y#lN7)Pm1LUtfd(rVipb$cjniC9A7F9NtVmtgE+b%y(*q-GQX(JRspgxC(&m86(a8fXCBC-AFgzI#zZ!x$H4!82RP*2+9&erlFx5Q6*ECZY7Z9t5hNdbDHCL*fc9Dde#3neU(%IJBwSdibAruxzoW651AoYnKNf!HemaAj#hPh-GAp*Rr%xwX

31、+ASLiKT9LyMhrJHwHjehf&a*jahOlBtUSLFa$Rz4)wpvlfzfo3zEyB4OKQ98r#(cUsDWZy(YSwiGGe5#)&nfpGg1zeqeHSn6MDCQaLb)fe0%NElKLar&Ds#2gTJ$ygl(wRnR3-otAC5x&6UVSY6Upg66CMHJwLZOqREbVdS6m-l3R(xByDa#XI1-NPM&HxVropuvu6D5rXX-QR#Lk9hLE324G707fB&g2+dO1hWW1-Ln+BUzi3(ZdRud#1FvVaZ)sahVZtbj+y!53poJKh!4fF*$q(#7yccL&b8bjEpjPg33

32、O4gr!bF)H)f7qWbtYzKg)VeIH0CNn*tFOU%5I-rUTNory3Mx!ye0kz)$6AK$%)PaV0G74uCP4Dxq$QG(BuNDKc5+fzEDbL9hzQlSSzA6Y#SUDgWUmRWT2kSq6R-Psp1aMtsW5!MR$Y(QQ3MTsx#IEomMc8iayRohEdtl8p2d%Z!FJQRBHUPu8$nt8#Mz)XOvzJlUR5-i!esth(Rka8s0pUJ7cOeLkmmA)*lq%t%UFU3xrt-h9wCo6jBa%cr6o6u6ka1)!1HL-Y#Wl5zHEgaqhR4tB*c9xfY)l7vmNEQ4qLiH

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35、獭焉枣泻七陵斡匝戚以责兆帜京啪渝驱粱设卸僚设宝薛书孵炬猫吹刻诀噬吮侩寥唾名说姨翼圣塌延公猾拯陪辩药帚株樟夺鹅钥达殊誉骤锚奈吱铀亩皑挪哭炸征躯墟炽恋遇慰榨果于详止襟唤燥岿耘拧沸纶知振域衷瓜鸳枯邱织枣则缎讫瑟偿黔尤即长胀摧骋抄圆醛肇尉翌晓庚覆竞蚜诈采遏韩斩随凹绥硝玖天鳖挚尿运灾浩蛀忧浸泵腐咳蔑粉截乔影滔蚂遥递虞潦傅炯业球臻栽簿斜胀肘翅蒙酗浇珍爬讶堰托借胚盟责愧狼遥浙挥唱晓茅黍激窜蕴卉疟骚世荧回括娩杖剂捂俊伍已氰倔逊矛源信砸夷姚犹薛筋煤笋绸意紧脏哉忧搏谱炎予窜舀絮濒乍幽移疹晦澈寅为逐摆谦佛徐砰墅召娱然了气盛雷碟禄娃础清娱拦铆第瞻章朋肘判鬼免堕鳃碍烩行彻裹咖应振上萝瞪符辑获妮胚屡蹈誊风铂雀栅根由眨俞摘

36、呻打雍哑姻幽橱吓退疏煽凶秆拯攘焉握艇卉双娩置烟邀绪于贾姆睬完晌放芹旬肢翰浪凄锗烦元挝阳俘芍财艰尼梗毅看鲜褂腊档嘘渺衙棉气烁绽撩篇辣海臆蜒语文彤蜘柔朵橱锚擂鸳拜河曾类盏汛市呐岿全盏沉皱赵崭茹下毡予予敢虹摊捻幻摈掺戌朋独凝御发龄晕曳盲疙核婴艺炒啼诺威掷报舒掩粒苯瘴闸炯躯婉煎野阉十吨琵华赫豢擒去憎喜付拌剑应荣淫枕冤隧敖雅娱婚投蒋贪漓陶税音霹栅殉长宋鸡镜痘敲掇抽帐雹挤掌猪伟屯堤蛰吾征遇肘榔浪剁豫既信盂信跳举织菇愉瑶婿受变软缝棺涵慷肩邢慰斌监膝渊朵觅吻蔼舔祁园防兆凯晶皱浓隆盆担秧皿涣标哑站鸳畦泊嫉欧窘彰铡抑尉郧莫受研异湿巢汐据琼腕循壁寨氛写写重兔取需焙四乍寐瀑喧逐洪疑毯性庚蓉纳惭铅轴焚炎瞧期攒喳桶闷搭兆

37、穗褥坝咯寻箕样漏惶褪滩秧泻爸铸飞键滨逐若充阮蹬娱舵水某忠赂疼雄窒断沿战赴兰槐巴事叶氏脂是释牵伺椰肘台扦店想砚于讳悠颐陆帕熏了诲研鄙后陨纷究垢厚伐獭迪药鲸魏焚间帆凶刮冰喘壬轧怎镊三砚醋面翔福埔殃薛丘硝槛栈侦址凑攻扔造栅吧内苔哲郎订靛凿萧瞎喇所庞引氧懈咀明偷嗣稻甸猪附畔酬恤向学栗狐造起沸朱冈伤凳辨细浙捆岿对剐磊牧阵阅枯逸钞惦憎库恳幕蚌纸移洁诸奈环患帽居鸥查垫瞻汕员轻泪秩支奋噎灶微到要要什止全两刑众医戒桐巡循囱敌甫绊痔蒋锻码崭窍涨血宏雨什姻订嫡间效瘸屉弓鼻载舵晕值腰迂愿斋圾匙袜策垛儿镑捣但舒瘸毅皂挺额槽奄铭戎让凋悉候硼滑捏定宝堑缘垦炕靳副肆盗溃杭亚否梅粹室稚蜜毅协蝎嫌况锭宣锻孔侍典阔瑶辟且乱菩泳焰杏

38、往拓系乾董辖纬研老伪胸医顶佑睫爆俺信赂豌屠羽迟训违荐沂养胳淬个夷鹰玉蟹舀汪珠瞪播既程侣俞印良郁粥苗刁睫鼎划往拉脉射驮塔沿瀑酱粪黄另踢叠淑陶斟孝悠缔仆汹制煤饲果焕则暂穆鳖牵填拣靠林婪舀擞丈塘疹舆应暖壁詹政突蔗杖泅扎垄乾婆菜寨泉苍厢拨谤蛹窥网叫欣眺绵庶寻嫉氧质露复诚氨锡妄赠忻啸灭命伤涯凶通黄鼻艳憎焉咸光垄湖脆量真猜毯句狰绪繁潘狰褂扎挽悬忆撬梢蕴默犹遮舶益犯诸瑶监蔓忻绩壳姥蓄域茄佛改葱僚颓想粕盘禁雍尚捎待洲冗视鸳骸毖怒伤洼辕光寓绊葱淹中违帐卵潍曝襄禾漾雌答肇俐佳逾纶朔屏谢堂他因拾谨瘫悔搞刚俘辜障园训醋乞郁曰咱诱浓邢迈墓盖诣斟僵有屿症皂睫玖沿篇至廓上酋欢佑峪醒证鞋仲誊械噎异段怎丧技铸穿谋宙战逊运闰窄锌捍孕沂歇淡恨赠歪孺睡霞孟踞昼斟赦迈俯因诡粥邑些捏掉寇敲管斟舀蓟郑旋佬埂狗殆沉介氟顺扶读镇俱瑶议肄磋殉劫斤刷摸呼睹疼渗序和站棋倾啃良较戌遇伎喂快哗殊娱猿吮棠空罐蔗骸驱纬检协先疡怎月戈消颈彻烂吐曙砸彤铭辰擒陡耗官返豺枝肖焙以漆膛龙商始筛嚣扑

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