英文图表描述

1、19/19今天我们所要关注的是运动图表，无论是什么题目的运动图表，无论题出的多难，我们都要清醒的认识到，那就是考官也逃不出以下的个范围，它们分别是运动范围，程度范围，时间范围，数据范围与连接范围。在运动范围中存在着以下的种运动趋向：、保持平稳：我们可以使用的套用结构有:staystable/remainsteady举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写:thenumberofpopulationstayedstable。/thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady2、上升/增加：我们可以使用的套用结构有：rise/climb/increase/ascend/moun

2、t/aggrandize(增加)举例：人口上升：thenumberofpopulationincreased/ascended/mounted等等。3、下降/减少：我们可以使用的套用结构有：fall/drop/decrease/descend/decline举例：人口减少：thenumberofpopulationdecreased/declined全国注册建筑师、建筑师考试备考资料历年真题考试心得模拟试题4、下降伍保持平稳：这个线段前面是向下的，后边是平的，在表示这个平的时候我们就不可以使用remainsteady了，我们要使用的结构是bottomout举例：人口下降伍保持平稳：thenum

3、berofpopulationdecreasedandbottomedout5、上升后保持平稳：前面的上升我们就不用说了，但是在上升今后保持平稳，我们需要使用leveloff举例：人口上升后保持平稳：numberofpopulationmountedandleveledoff6、复苏：前面下降了今后，尔后就上升了，这两条线段的连接点就叫复苏。英语中表达为recover举例：人口下降伍复苏：numberofpopulationdecreasedandrecovered7、波动：就像我们的心电图一样。英语中叫fluctuate举例：人口波动：numberofpopulationfluctuated

4、8、达到顶峰：peak/reachitssummit/reachitszenith举例：人口到达了顶峰：numberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith程度范围上面就是运动性线段的八种趋向了。但是同学们想过没有上升，下降，颠簸是存在程度的。所以我们接下来要谈论的是程度的描述方法。程度只有两种，迟和缓蓦地。缓慢的/略微的：gradually/smoothly/steadily/slightly陡然的/大幅度的：dramatically/sharply/considerably/appreciably/greatly举例:1、人口

5、大幅度爬升:numberofpopulationmounteddramatically2、人口轻微下降:numberofpopulationdecreasedslightly3、人口逐渐下降:numberofpopulationdecreasedgradually数据范围好了，我们现在已经说了两个范围了,这个两个范围可以帮你搞定任何线段组的描述、紧接下来我们要谈论的是如何将线段组与数据进行连接、特别简单。注意以下的介词使用一、remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后边需要使用的是at

6、举例:1、人口在500万上保持平稳:numberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million1、人口在800万时到达了顶峰:numberofpopulationpeakedat8million2、下降后,人口在400万保持平稳:afterdecreasing,numberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million3、上升后,人口在700万保持平稳:aftermounting,numberofpopulationleveledoffat7million二、上升/下降伍边使用to(到)和by(了)举例:1、人口下降到200万:numberofpo

7、pulationdecreasedto2million2、人口下降了200万:numberofpopulationdecreasedby2million3、人口上升到1000万:numberofpopulationincreasedto10million4、人口上升了500万:numberofpopulationincreasedby5million三、recover的后面大家需要使用的是from举例:人口在200万时开始复苏:numberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million四、fluctuate的后边大家需要连接betweenand举例:人口在2和100亿之间波

8、动:numberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion(那俩人是ADAM和EVE)我们已经搞定了三个范围了。剩下的两个范围，时间与连接，我想大家就不会有很大的困难了吧。希望大家今后多多练习对于线性图表的描述上升对于上升趋向的描述：可以使用的动词或动词词组：toincreasetogouptorisetogrowtojumptoleaptosoartoshoottopickup可以使用的名词：anincreasegrowthajumpasoaranupwardtrend对于上升到某个地址的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to详尽数据。b.1.a.中的动词t

9、othepeakof详尽数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthepeakof+详尽数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+详尽数据。e.topeakat详尽数据f.toclimbto+详尽数据对于上升的程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by详尽数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。(见下降对于下降趋向的描述：可以使用的动词或动词词组：tofalltodecreasetogodowntoslidetocollapsetodeclinetodrop可以使用的名词：collapseadecreaseafalladeclineadrop对于下降到某个地址的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to详尽数据。b

10、.1.a.中的动词tothebottomof详尽数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthebottomof+详尽数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+详尽数据。对于下降程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by详尽数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。(见对于平稳的趋向的描述：可以使用的动词或动词词组：tohardlychangetohavelittlechangetokeepsteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttostaythesame表示程度的副词：程度较大：considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquic

11、klyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenlyslightlygraduallyslowlysteadilyinfromtobetween.andduringandatthestartofbytheendofoverattheendofthroughouts+()1increasedslowlyduringandbutfellsharplyin.Asteadyfallinduringandfollowedthesharpincreasein.2.fellbeforebegantomakearecoverycontinuetherecovery,climbingto

12、droppedduringbutincreasedagaininfellandthenpickupduringcollapsedbeforerisingtoattheendof3.fluctuatedsharplyallthrough4.hardlychangedthroughtheperiodbetweenand%theis/has/have/areaccountsfor%ofthetotaltakesup%inthewholechart()BothsharepricesrosesharplyinJanuary.Neithercompanyhasmadeaprofityet.LikeX,Yf

13、ellinJune.XrosejustassharplyasY.表示差其他句型(实例)：Xfellsharplywhereas/whileYremainedsteady.XfellquicklycomparedtoY.UnlikeY,Xroseby10%.XrosefarmoredramaticallythanY.表示倍数的句型：thedoubled/tripledincomparedwiththosein客观比较的句型：isincontrastto数据的修饰表示不足的词或词组：uptobelowunderalmostnearly表示高出的词或词组：overmorethanjustover表示

14、大体的词：about补充一点点：一.主章开头图表种类：table;chart;diagram;graph;columnchart;piegraph描述：show;describe;illustrate;canbeseenfrom;clear;apparent;reveal;represent内容：figure;statistic;number;percentage;proportion二.表示数据一般：have10%;at10%;over10%最高(低)点：peaked;reachedapeak/high(point)bottomedout;reachedthebottom变化：recover

15、略有上升；increase;jump;rise/rose;climbdecrease;fall/fell;drop;decline;reducefluctuate浮动，摇摆不定remainedsteady/stable;staythesame;little/hardlyany/nochange变化程度：sudden/suddenly突然的，不测的rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，峻峭的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重要的，重要的sharp/sharply尖利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steepl

16、y急剧起落的steady/steadily坚固的，百折不挠的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly略微的、略微地stable/stably坚固的表示范围：fromtobetweenandforto多长时间直到表示程度：almostadv.几乎，差不多nearlyadv.几乎，亲近地approximatelyadv.近似的，大体aboutadv.周边，大体，转向，左右，周围justover刚高出overadv.结束，高出，从头到尾exactlyadv.正确地，严实地preciselyadv.正好精确地；清楚地比率：20

17、percent20%oneinthree1/3oneoutofeveryfour1/4三。常用词significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋向duringthesameperiod在同一时期grow/grew增加distribute分布，差异unequally不相等地pronounced明显的average平均nodoubt无疑地correspondingadj.相应的，通讯的representvt.阐述，表现overall整体上讲except除外inthecaseofadv.在的情况下incontrast相反，大不一样样inconclusionad

18、v.最后，总之incomparison对照之下inverselyadv.相反地，倒转地ingeneral平时，大体上，一般而言rangfromexcessiveadj.过多的，过分的，额外lowerv.降低，跌落elapsevi.(时间)过去，消逝categoryn.种类governmentpolicy政府政策marketforces市场规率measuren.尺寸，方法，措施v.预计，调治forecastn.先见，预示v.展望1.适用的词上升：increaseriseascendcoresurgegoupclimbmountlevelup下降:decreasefalldropdescendde

19、clinereducelessenleveldown平稳:stablesteadyremain/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto颠簸:fluctuatefluctuationriseandfallsupanddown占:occupytakeupaccountforgain而:whilehoweverwhereasontheotherhandactually/infact对照:bycontractonthecontrarylikewisecomparedwith最高点:thehighestthetopthesummitthepeakthemost最低点:bo

20、ttomlessleastrockbottom平均:meanaverage趋向:tendancytrendinclination预示:prediction达到顶峰:mountto在*中占*:*gainthepercentageof有一个坚固的过程:astableperiodcanbeseen原则：A.不可以能写的很好，重点是要很稳地写清楚。归纳一些内在关系性或原因推测作为总结以下是引用zxc0470在2004-6-323:05:00的发言：1.Asisshownbythegraph/inthetable。(归纳图表)正如曲线所示，近来54年来该国人口飞快增加。Asisshownbythegra

21、ph,therehasbeenarapidincreaseinthepopulationofthecountryinthepastfiveyears.2.Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat得出结论()showngraphconcludedfiguresestimatedstatisticsA.从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。FromthestatisticsgiveninthetableitcanbeseenthattheaveragepersonalincomeoftheChinesepeopleincreased(grew、

22、rose)rapidlyfrom1985to1990.B.从曲线图可以得出结论，近来5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。ItcanbeconcludedfromthegraphthattherehasbeenagreatdeclineinbirthratesinChinainthepastfiveyears.3.amountto数(量总计)adduptocometosumupto全部花销合计200美元。Alltheexpenses(costs)amountto(=addupto)$200.4.increasefromto数量(增减)decreaserisefalldropA.这个工厂生产的彩电

23、已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。ThenumberofcolourTVsetsproducedbythefactoryincreased(rose,grew,climbed)from5000in1986to21000in1990.B.参加者的人数增加到30万。Thenumberofpaticipantsgrewpersons).upto300000persons=increased,reaching300000C.这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。Thenumberofteachingstaffmembersinthisschoolhasdecreasedto70

24、0persons.5.(be)threetimesas+形容词+as总产量totaloutput钢的年产量theannualoutputof上升17%riseby17percentsteel日产量thedailyoutput以致产量下降resultinadiminishedoutput现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。Thegrainproduction(=output)inourareanowisthreetimesasgreatasthatof1970.6.Comparedwith,与昨年对照，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增加。Thefactoryhasanoutputo

25、f9millioncigarettesdaily.Comparedwiththatoflastyear,theoutputof13mainproducts(=items)thisyearhasincreasedtoagreatextent.7.Thereis(was)arapidriseinbeontherisehasbeensharpincreaseontheincreasesuddendecreaseonthedeclinesteadydeclinegradualfallslowdropslight近来几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增加。Thecottonoutputinthisarea

26、hasincreasedrapidlyinthepastfewyears.“结尾”段落中常用的句型：1.Inmyopinion,2.Personally,I3.Inshortbrief),(=In4.Inconclusion,5.AsfarasImconcerned,6.Toconclude,itseemsclearthat至于说到我，我赞同前一种见解。所以，我的结论是，只要我们坚持正确的东西，改正错误的东西，我们就必然能成功。AsfarasImconcerned,Iminfavouroftheformerview.Therefore,myconclusionisthatwearecertai

27、ntosucceedaslongaswesticktowhatisrightandcorrectwhatiswrong.=我再补充几点：同学们在采纳描述图表变化的动词、名词，介词词组，形容词和程度副词方面要注意可否正确到位和形象。以下一些词汇大家重点推测：spiralupward/thedemandfortalents(fair)spiraledupward/climbeddrastically/soar/surge/experienceanexplosivegrowth/anacceleration/swell/manageamodest(marginal)gain/ontherise/on

28、theascendance/wane/shrink/slump/falloff/dropoff/takeadip/takeanosedive/trend(tide)/sth.continueditsupward/downwardtrend./reachtheplateau/thebottleneck/sth.leveloff/sth.remainssteady/stable/unchanged/constant/staythesame/Therewasaslightdrop(fall)between2000/and2005/hugely/sharply/dramatically/drastic

29、ally/substantially/steeply/incredibly/massively/surprisingly/alarmingly/distressingly/slightly/steadily/gradually/marginally/moderately/gently/reacha(the)peakthehighestpoint/Arecordnumberofstudents/reachthenadir/reachthebottom/therockbottom/experienceamoderatefluctuation/swing/其他，大家仔细研究我下面供应的五种描述图表的

30、句型，在考试的时候若是考到图表作文要会灵便使用。ThisbarchartdescribessignificantchangesintheownershipofhousesinabigcityinChina.Itcanbeseenfromthechartthataverynoticeabletrendfrom1990to2000wasthedramaticincreaseintheprivateownershipofhousesasopposedtothehugedropinthestateownershipofhouses.In1990,threeoutoffourhouseswerestat

31、e-owned.However,by2000,thepercentageoftheownershipofprivatehouseshassoaredto80%.Theabovechartrevealsthatthehugeexpansionintheprivatehouseownershiphasbeenaccompaniedbyacorrespondingfallinthestateownershipofhousesinaspanofadecade.(1990-2000)Asissuggested(unfolded/demonstrated/illustrated/mirrored)inth

32、eabovechart,withthesharpriseintheprivateownershipofhouses,thestateownershipofhouseshasdramatically(substantially/alarmingly)droppedinapassageofadecade.(1990-2000)Accordingtotheabovechart,therehasbeenadrasticgrowthintheprivateownershipofhouses,whilethestateownershipofhouseshasshrunksteeplyoverthepast

33、decade.(1990-2000)Fromtheabovechart,wecanseedistinctlythattheprivateownershipofhouseshaswitnessedanhugeriseasdistinctfrom(asopposedto/incontrastto/incomparisonwith)thedrasticdecreaseinthestateownershipofhousesinamatterofadecade.(1990-2000)对于平稳的趋向的描述，可以使用的动词或动词词组：tohardlychangetohavelittlechangetokee

34、psteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttostaythesame表示程度的副词：1.程度较大：considerablydramaticallyGREatlymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenly2.程度较小：slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily时间的嵌入嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：infrom,to,between,.and,during,and,atthestartof,bytheendof,over,attheendof,throughout,时间s+

35、详尽数据上升和下降趋向的组合描述：1.先上升后下降的句型：increasedslowlyduring,and,butfellsharplyin,.先下降伍上升的句型：,fellbefore,begantomakearecovery,continuetherecovery，climbingto,droppedduring,butincreasedagainin,fellandthenpickupduring,collapsedbeforerisingto,attheendof,起伏颠簸的句型：,fluctuatedsharplyallthrough,颠簸不大的句型：,hardlychangedt

36、hroughtheperiodbetween,and,柱状图形的描述变换为线形图形的描述饼状图形的描述对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型：,%the,is/has/have/are,accountsfor,%ofthetotal,takesup,%inthewholechart趋向的比较表示相似的句型：BothsharepricesrosesharplyinJanuary.Neithercompanyhasmadeaprofityet.LikeX，YfellinJune.XrosejustassharplyasY.表示差其他句型：Xfellsharplywhereas/whileYremainedsteady.XfellquicklycomparedtoY.UnlikeY，Xroseby10%.XrosefarmoredramaticallythanY.3.表