词汇学第四章考试题

1、CHAPTER4TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyon.borrowingword-formationconversionthenumberofthepeoplespeakingEnglishdoesntbelongtothemostproductivemeansofword-formation.A.AffixationB.CompoundingC.ConversionD.BlendingConversiongivesusofthenewvocabulary.A.30%B.28%C.26%D.28%to30%Wordfor

2、mationexcludes.affixationandcompoundingconversionandshorteningchipping,acronymyandblendingrepetitionandalliterationThemostproductivewordformationare.A.affixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.alltheaboveOfthefollowingword-formationprocesses,isthemostproductive.A.clippingB.blendingC.initialismD.derivatio

3、n30%to40%ofthetotalnumberofnewwordsinEnglishareproducedthrough.A.compoundingB.affixationC.conversionD.shorteningTheprefixesinthewordsofirresistible,nonclassicalandapoliticalarecalled.A.reversativeprefixesB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesAffixationisgenerallydefinedastheformati

4、onofwordsbyaddingword-formingortostems.A.affixesB.suffixesandprefixesC.inflectionalaffixesD.derivationalaffixesThewordsformedbyaffixationarecalled.A.affixesB.derivationsC.derivativesD.derivationalsAccordingtothewhichaffixesoccupyinwords,affixationfallsintotwosubclasses:prefixationandsuffixation.A.fu

5、nctionsB.positionsC.waysD.noneoftheabovePrefixesdonotgenerallychangetheofthestembutonlymodifyitsmeaning.A.word-classB.meaningC.formD.structureAccordingly,prefixesareclassifiedonasemanticbasisintogroups.B.8D.10 TOC o 1-5 h z Thesearenegativeprefixesexcept.A.dis-B.inC.non-D.under-Ex-inthewordex-prison

6、eris.A.freerootB.boundrootC.inflectionalaffixD.derivationalaffixAllofthefollowingarepejorativeprefixesexcept.A.mal-B.archC.pseudo-D.mis-Thede-indecomposeis.A.anegativeprefixB.apejorativeprefixC.areversativeprefixD.anorientationprefixTheprefixescontainedinthefollowingwordsarecalled:pseudo,friend,malp

7、ractice,mistrust.A.reversativeprefixedB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesTheprefixesinwordsanti-government,pro-studentandcontrafloware.prefixesofdegreeorsizeprefixesoforientationandattitudeprefixesoftimeandordermiscellaneousprefixesTheprefixedcontainedinunwrap,de-composeanddisal

8、loware.A.reversativeprefixedB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesTheprefixesinwordsextra-strong,overweightandarchbishopare.A.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesAsubcutaneousinfectionistheskin.A.onthesurfaceofB.aboveC.underD.belowSomedocto

9、rsprescribemedicationtotreathyperactivechildren,becausethechildrenareextremelyA.activeB.passiveC.lazyD.diligentofthegivenprefixesindicatesnumber.A.fore-B.anti-C.semi-D.pan-Theprimaryfunctionofsuffixesisto.changetheword-classofrootschangethemeaningofstemschangethegrammaticalfunctionofstemschangethest

10、ructureofrootsTheautoinautobiographyis.A.anegativeprefixB.apejorativeprefixC.areversativeprefixD.amiscellaneousprefixTheprefixesinwordsbilingual,uniformandhemisphereare.A.numberprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesarecontainedinwordstrans-world,intra-partyandforehead

11、.PrefixesoforientationandattitudePrefixesoftimeandorderLocativeprefixesPrefixesofdegreeorsizeTheprefixesinwordsnew-Nazi,autobiographyandpan-Europeanare.A.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.prefixesoftimeandorderD.miscellaneousprefixesEx-student,foretellandpost-electioncontain.A.negativeprefix

12、esB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.prefixesoftimeandorderD.locativeprefixesWhichofthefollowingprefixescannotbeusedtoindicatetimeandorderA.Ex-.B.Fore-.C.Post-.D.Para-.WhichofthefollowingisacaseofsuffixationA.HemisphereB.AttemptC.NATOD.RespondentAmultipliedinsecthasfeet.A.twoB.fourC.sixD.manyAtricyclehaswhee

13、ls.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.FourWhichofthefollowingbelongstonumberprefixesA.Auto-.B.Mis-.C.Hemi-.D.Pre-.Weusuallygroupsuffixesonabasisintonounsuffixes,verbsuffixes,adjectivesuffixes,etc.grammaticalC.meaningfulstructuralD.practical-eer,-er,-ess,-ette,-letareallsuffixesaddedtonounbasestoproducenouns.abstrac

14、tC.concretede-verbalD.de-adjective TOC o 1-5 h z Theseareadjectivesuffixesexcept.A.-ishB.-iveC.-aiD.-anceThewordcourageousiscreatedby.A.nounsuffixesB.adverbsuffixesC.adjectivesuffixesD.verbsuffixesThemeaningsofcomicandcomicalare.A.sameB.identicalC.similarD.differentWhichofthefollowingsuffixescanbeus

15、edtoformbothnounsandadjectivesA.-ion.B.-ism.C.-ity.D.-ist.ThefollowingarealldenominalsuffixesEXCEPT.A.-fulB.-wiseC.-lessD.-likeofthefollowingisnotaverbsuffix.A.-ateB.-enC.-edThesuffixesinwordsheighten,symbolizeare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixesThesuffixesinwordsclock

16、wise,homewardsare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixesThedifferencesbetweencompoundsandfreephrasesshowinaspects.A.phoneticfeaturesB.semanticfeaturesC.grammaticalfeaturesD.alltheaboveTherearemajorclassesofcompounds.A.twoB.fourC.threeD.five TOC o 1-5 h z Washingmachineisawor

17、dformedby.A.prefixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.blendingLaw-abidingbelongsto.A.adjectivecompoundB.nouncompoundC.verbcompoundD.noneoftheaboveup-bringingbelongsto.adjective compoundverb compoundB. noun compoundD. none of the aboveVerbcompoundsarecreatedeitherthroughor.affixation;conversionclipping;a

18、ffixationconversion;backformationbackformation;borrowingWhichofthefollowingisnotthroughbackformationA.Tomass-produce.B.Tolip-read.C.Tonickname.D.Tochain-smoke.Conversionisamethod.ofturningwordsofonepartofspeechtothoseofadifferentpartofspeechofconvertingwordsofonemeaningintodifferentmeaningofderiving

19、wordsthroughgrammaticalmeansofchangingwordsinmorphologicalstructureInaderivationalprocess,anitemisconvertedtoanewwordclasswithouttheadditionofanaffix.Thenameis.A.fullconversionB.partialconversionC.functionalshiftD.zero-derivationWordsinvolvedinconversionareprimarily.nouns,verbsandadverbsnouns,adject

20、ivesandverbsnouns,prepositionsandverbsadjectives,adverbsandverbsAlmostallmonomorphemiccanbeconversedintonouns,whicharesemanticallyrelatedtotheoriginalverbsinvariousways.A.verbsB.adjectivesC.adverbsD.prepositionsNounsconvertedfromadjectiveshaveallthecharacteristicsofnounsandachieveafullnounstatus,thu

21、sknownas.A.partialconversionB.fullconversionC.speechshiftD.grammaticalshiftNounspartiallyconvertedfromadjectivesdonotpossessallthequalitiesanoundoes.Theymustbeusedtogetherwith.A.pluralformsB.singleformsC.adjectivesD.definitearticlesInmostcasesanouncanbeconvertedtoaverb.withsomechangeswithoutanychang

22、ewithsomechangesinspellingwithoutanychangeinpronunciationThehouseinthepeasanthousedhimbelongstotheconversion.betweennounandadjectivebetweennounandverbbetweenverbandadjectivenoneoftheaboveTheconversionoftwo-syllablenounsintoverbsinvolvesachangeof.A.spellingB.pronunciationC.stressD.functionEmptyinthes

23、entenceThemeetingwasoverandthemeeting-roombegantoemptyisA.adjectiveB.verbC.nounD.fourWhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTformedthroughclippingA.Dorm.B.Motel.C.Gent.D.Zoo.arewordspronouncedletterbyletter.A.InitialismsB.AcronymsC.BlendsD.ClipsOfthefollowingwords,isaninitialism.A.UNB.NATOC.BASICD.UNESCO TOC o

24、 1-5 h z BBCisformedinthewayof.A.acronymyB.clippingC.back-formationD.prefixationTVisa(n).A.initialismB.acronymC.derivativeD.compoundBack-formationisconsideredtobetheoppositeprocessof.A.prefixationB.suffixationC.acronymyD-conversionBack-formationisthemethodofcreatingnewwordsbythesupposedsuffixes.()A.

25、removingB.combiningC.shorteningD.consideringBack-formationusuallyinvolvestypesofwords.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.twoStylistically,back-formedwordsarelargelysomeofthemhavenotgainedpublicacceptance.A.formalB.adjectivesC.humannounsD.informal TOC o 1-5 h z Thewordsandwichwhichnowdenotesapopularfastfoodorigina

26、tesfrom.A.FaradayB.JohnMontagueC.BloomersD.ThomasMoreMackintosh,bloomersandcherubarefrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.trade-namesRugby,afghanandchampagnearewordscomingfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesUtopia,odysseyandBabbitarewordsfrom.A.namesofbooksB.nam

27、esofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesWhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTfromChineseA.Tea.B.Ketchup.C.Kungfu.D.Czar.Omega,Xeroxandorlonarewordsfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesareaffectivewordsastheyareexpressionsofemotionssuchasoh,dear,me,alas.A.PrepositionsB.InterjectionsC.Exc

28、lamationsD.Explanations30%to40%ofthetotalnumberofnewwordsinEnglishareproducedthroughA.compoundingB.affixationC.conversionD.shorteningTheprefixesmal-inmaltreat,mis-inmisleadingandpseudo-inpseudo-scientificareprefixes.A.negativeB.reversativeC.pejorativeD.locativeTheprefixeslikeun-anddis-canberegardedb

29、othasnegativeprefixesandasprivativeprefixes.Thejustificationoftheircategoryliesin.A.meaningB.functionC.collocationD.word-classSomeprefixesarecategorizedassincetheirchieffunctionistochangethebasefromonewordclasstoanother.A.conversionprefixesB.prefixesoforientationandattitudeC.inflectionalprefixesD.pr

30、efixesoftimeandorderThewordemployeriscomposedofemploy+er,ofwhich-eristheso-calledsuffix.A.verbB.deverbalnounC.denominalD.denominalnounAsasuffix,meansreceiveroftheaction.A.-eerB.-essC.-erD.-eeThesuffix-orinactorisa(n)suffixand-anceinperformanceisa(n)nounsuffix.A.concrete;concreteB.abstract;concreteC.

31、abstract;abstractD.concrete;abstractThesuffix-fulinmouthfulisasuffixandingracefulisasuffix.denominaladjective;denominaladjectivedenominalnoun;denominaladjectivedenominalnoun;denominalnoundenominaladjective;denominalnounOfthethreewords,referstothephysicalorheroicqualitiesofaman,isappliedtononhumansan

32、dimpliesunwelcomemasculineattributesusuallyinawoman.A.manly;manlike;mannishB.manly;mannish;manlikeC.mannish;manlike;manlyD.mannish;manly;manlikeThepatternofdeadlineandblueprintisinformation.A.n.+n.B.n.+v.C.adj.+n.D.adj.+v.Thegrammaticalrelationshipbetweentheelementsinfist-fightingis.A.subject-verbB.

33、verb+objectC.verbhadverbialD.subject+adverbialTheconversionoftwosyllablenounsintoverbsusuallyinvolvesachangeof.A.spellingB.pronunciationC.stressD.functionThrough,wegetlip-readoutoflip-reading.A.lexicalizatjonB.conversionC.rearrangementD.backformationTheprocessinwhichnounsconvertedfromadjectivesdonot

34、possessallthequalitiesanoundoesiscalledaconversion.A.functionalB.fullC.partialD.miscellaneousThewordmotelcomesfrommotor-f-hotel.Thisisanexampleofintermsofwordformation.A.backformationB.conversionC.blendingD.acronymThewordssocio-linguisticandpsycho-analysisareaccordingtothebaseswithwhichtheyarecoined

35、.A.compoundsB.blendsC.derivativesD.acronymsThecaseofexecderivedfromexecutiveisaninstanceofclipping.A.frontB.backC.frontandbackD.phraseAIDS,whichisaninstanceof,isshortforacquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome.A.pureacronymsB.hybridacronymsC.syllabicacronymsD.initialismsThewordmedicarecomesfrommedical+care,

36、soitsstructureis.A.head+wordC.head+headB. word+tailD. head+tailAlmostalltheback-formedwordsare.A.nounsB.verbsC.adjectivesD.adverbsWordsproducedthroughaffixationconstituteofallthenewwords.A.20%to30%B.30%to40%C.40%to50%D.10%to20%Themostproductivewordformationis.A.affixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.a

37、cronymyTheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyon.A.word-formationB.prefixationC.suffixationD.compoundingistheformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingorderivationalaffixestostems.A.PrefixationB.DerivationC.SuffixationD.CompoundingAccordingtothepositionswhichaffixesoccupyinwords,affixationfa

38、llsintotwosubclasses:A.clipping,blendingB.compounding,conversionC.conversion,derivationD.prefixation,suffixationWeshallclassifyprefixesonsemanticbasisintoA.sevenB.eightC.nineD.eleven TOC o 1-5 h z Theprefixpseudois.A.anegativeprefixB.areversativeprefixC.alocativeprefixD.apejorativeprefixThede-indeco

39、mposeis.A.anegativeprefixB.apejorativeprefixC.areversativeprefixD.anorientationprefixThechieffunctionofprefixationisto.A.changemeaningsofthestemB.changetheword-classofthestemC.changegrammaticalfunctionD.alltheaboveTheautoinautobiographyis.A.anegativeprefixB.alocativeprefixC.areversativeprefixD.amisc

40、ellaneousprefixThechieffunctionofsuffixationisto.A.changemeaningsofthestemB.changethewordclassofthestemC.changethelexicalmeaningD.alltheaboveThewordcourageousiscreatedby.A.nounsuffixesB.adverbsuffixesC.adjectivesuffixesD.verbsuffixesThemeaningsofcomicandcomicalare.A.sameB.identicalC.similarD.differe

41、ntForthewordpolitical”i,tsnegativeformis.A.apoliticalB.ilpoliticalC.inpoliticalD.impoliticalThedifferencesbetweencompoundsandfreephrasesshowin.A.phoneticfeaturesB.semanticfeaturesC.grammaticalfeaturesD.alltheabove andA. SuffixationB. Compositionistheformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestems.C. Conv

42、ersionD. Clipping TOC o 1-5 h z Law-abidingbelongsto.A.adjectivecompoundB.nouncompoundC.verbcompoundD.noneoftheabove117.Sit-inbelongsto.A.adjectivecompoundB.nouncompoundC.verbcompoundD.noneoftheabove118.up-bringingbelongsto.A.adjectivecompoundB.nouncompoundC.verbcompoundD.noneoftheaboveVerbcompounds

43、arecreatedeitherthroughor.A.affixation/conversionB.clipping/affixationC.conversion/backformationD.back-formation/borrowingIncompounds,thewordstressusuallyoccursonwhereasinnounphraseisgenerallystressedifthereisonlyonestress.thefirstelement/thesecondelementthesecondelement/thefirstelementthefirsteleme

44、nt/thefirstelementthesecondelement/thesecondelementMostcompoundsconsistofonlystems.A.threeB.twoC.fourD.five TOC o 1-5 h z Wordsmainlyinvolvedinconversionare.A.nouns,verbsandadverbsB.nouns,adjectivesandverbsC.nouns,prepositionsandverbsD.adjectives,adverbsandverbsThederivationalprocess,inwhichanitemis

45、convertedtoanewwordclasswithouttheadditionofanaffix,iscalled.A.fullconversionB.partial-conversionC.semanticshiftD.zero-derivationThehouseinthepeasanthousedhimbelongstotheconversion.A.betweennounandadjectiveB.betweennounandverbC.betweenverbandadjectiveD.noneoftheaboveNounsconvertedfromadjectiveshavea

46、llthecharacteristicsofnounsandachieveafullnounstatus,thusknownas.A.partialconversionB.fullconversionC.functionalshiftD.grammaticalshift TOC o 1-5 h z Nounspartiallyconvertedfromadjectivesdonotpossessallthequalitiesanoundoes.Theymustbeusedtogetherwith.A.pluralformsB.singleformsC.adjectivesD.definitea

47、rticlesTheconversionoftwosyllablenounsintoverbsinvolvesachangeof.A.spellingB.pronunciationC.stressD.functionWordsproducedbyconversionareprimarily.A.nounsB.adjectivesC.verbsD.alltheaboveThemostproductiveconversionistheconversionthattakesplace.A.betweennounsandverbsB.betweennounsandadjectivesC.between

48、verbsandadjectivesD.noneoftheaboveTheoverwhelmingmajorityofblendsare.A.verbsB.nounsC.adjectivesD.adverbsBack-formationisthereforethemethodofcreatingwordsbythesupposedsuffixes.A.removingB.shorteningC.addingD.writingBack-formationisconsideredtobetheoppositeprocessof.A.prefixationB.suffixationC.acronym

49、yD.conversionWordsformedbyacronymycanbedividedintoinitialismsandacronymsdependingonA.thegrammaticalfunctionB.thepronunciationofthewordsC.thespellingwayD.noneoftheaboveWordformationexcludes.A.affixationandcompoundingB.conversionandshorteningC.chipping,acronymyandblendingD.repetitionandalliterationWhi

50、chofthefollowingisacaseofsuffixationA.Hemisphere.B.Disunite.C.NATO.D.Respondent.Atricyclehaswheels.A.twoB.fourC.sixD.threeTheprefixesinthewords*,irresistible,non-classicalandapoliticalarecalled.A.reversativeprefixesB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixesRugby,afghanandchampagnearewo

51、rdscomingfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesSomedoctorsprescribemedicationtotreathyperactivechildren,becausethechildrenareextremelyA.activeB.passiveC.lazyD.diligentEx-student,foretellandpost-electioncontainA.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC,prefixesoftimeandorderD.

52、locativeprefixesarewordspronouncedletterbyletterA. InitialismsC. BlendsB. AcronymsD. CompoundsWhatdoestheneo-meaninneo-NaziA.Old.B.Poor.C.New.D.Rich.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTformedthroughclippingA.Dorm.B.Slurb.C.Gent.D.Zoo.WhichofthefollowingbelongstonumberprefixesA.Fore-.B.Pro-.C.Hemi-.D.Pre-.T

53、herearemajorclassesofcompounds.A.twoB.fourC.threeD.five TOC o 1-5 h z Mackintosh,bloomersandcherubarefrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesThesuffixesinwordsclockwise,homewardsare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixesThesuffixesinwordsheighten,symboli

54、zeare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixesOfthefollowingwords,isaninitialism.A.UNB.NATOC.BASICD.UNESCOOfthefollowingword-formationprocesses,isthemostproductive.A.clippingB.blendingC.initialismD.affixationTheprefixesinwordsneo-Nazi,autobiographyandpan-Europeanare.A.negative

55、prefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.prefixesoftimeandorderD.miscellaneousprefixesWhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTfromChineseA.Tea.B.Ketchup.C.Kungfu.D.Czar.WhichofthefollowingsuffixescanbeusedtoformbothnounsandadjectivesA.-ion.B.-ism.C.-ity.D.-ist.Utopia,odysseyandBabbitarewordsfrom.A.namesofbooksB.names

56、ofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenamesAffixesandcompoundingprocessesmaybecomeononetime.Notallthewordsthatareproducedbyapplyingtheword-formingruleare_Wordsproducedthroughcompoundingyieldsofallthenewword.Newwordswhicharecreatedbyaddingaffixestostemsarecalled.istheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostem

57、s.Themajorityofprefixesarebytheirnon-class-changingnature.Affixation,alsocalled,isoneofthewordformations.Derivationalaffixescanbefurtherdividedintoandsuffixes.Prefixesarethoseaffixesthataddedtotheheadofwords,whichprimarilychangetheofthestem. TOC o 1-5 h z Theformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingaffix

58、estostemsiscalled.Thechieffunctionofisnottochangethewordclassofthestem,buttochangeitsmeaning.Suffixationistheformationofnewwordbyaddingtostems.Inthewordpost-war,post-isaprefixof.Compoundingistheformationofnewwordsbyjoining.Compoundsandderivedwordsarewordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesumtotalofthemorphe

59、mescombined.Theopenarethesameinformasfreephrases.Thestresspatternsofcompoundsarenot.Compoundsaredifferentfromfreephrasesinunit.Acompoundtendstoplayasingleroleinasentence.Analternativeforconversionis.istheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.Almostallmonomorphemicverbscanbeuse

60、dasnouns,whicharerelatedtotheoriginalverbsinvariouswaysaccordingtoQuirketal.Suchwordsasthericher”,thepoor”,themostcorruptareallexamplesof.Thewordsautocideandtelexareformedby.Withthedevelopmentofmarketeconomypsywarbecomesmoreandmorepopular.Psywarmeansistheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowords