九年级英语寒假专题-完型填空人教版(新目标)知识精讲

1、PAGE 用心 爱心 专心初三英语寒假专题完型填空人教版（新目标）【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： 寒假专题完型填空完形填空题是测试综合应用语言能力的题型，要求学生有较高的阅读理解能力、综合应用基础知识的能力、分析和判断能力。要做好完形填空，首先要综观全文，理解大意，再从语法、惯用法、用词和常识等方面考虑，找出答案。一般说来，做完形填空题一定要注意先通读全文，掌握全文大意；要联系上下文，特别是要联系下文。不仅要联系下一句，有时甚至要看完全文才能选出正确答案，否则就有可能选错；找到文章的中心句也是很重要的。完形填空的能力要求：1. 掌握足够的词汇，有词语活用能力以及运用句型造句的能力。2. 有扎

2、实的英语语法基本功，能熟练地运用动词时态、语态等。3. 有较宽的阅读面及其派生的英语语感。4. 有依据上下文猜测和推断的能力。完形填空的解题技巧（一）：从总体上把握文章主旨，接受作者所传达的信息与情感，针对完形填空，提出了各种多层次、全方位的理解技法，其中以总体把握法、词语搭配法、语法判定法、语境联想法、举例对比法最为重要。1. 总体把握要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2. 弄清体裁文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。

3、读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3. 重视主题句完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。4. 语境联想利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。典型例题解析（A）Most adults（成年人） once studied at school, had classes and did their homework everyday. The same

4、 _1_ is going on at school now. _2_ it seems that doing weekend homework is _3_ problem for the modern students.All the students agree that weekend homework should be abolished （取消）. Its _4 _ for them studying at school five days a week. They have a lot of interests. With homework to do on Saturday

5、and Sunday, when can they find _ 5_ to help around the house, go and see a football or basketball game or a good film, join in family recreations （娱乐） ,or just have _ 6_ at home? Because of these other activities, the homework cant be finished until 7 . So their weekend homework is usually done in s

6、uch a hurry that on Monday teachers are 8 and often threaten （威胁） to fail the whole class of students because they know nothing about the _9 . If there was no weekend homework for the students to do, they would be happy to go to school on Monday 10 having a good rest and to learn what the teachers t

7、each.1. A. thing B. school C. class D. homework2. A. Also B. But C. Still D. Though3. A. no B. another C. one D. other4. A. not enough B. enough C. no good D. no use5. A. friends B. time C. places D. money6. A. a rest B. an exam C. a lesson D. a picnic7. A. Monday afternoon B. Saturday afternoonC. F

8、riday night D. Sunday night8. A. pleased B. sorry C. unhappyD. not worried9. A. lesson B. games C. interestsD. activities10.A. until B. when C. before D. after解析：首句“All the students agree that weekend homework should be abolished”提供了本段的中心思想，为下面的选项做铺垫。1. 只要能看懂文章，就会选A，thing。2. 上下文是转折关系，故选B。3. 做双休日的家作对

9、现在的学生来说是一个问题，故选C。4. 对学生来说一个星期学习五天已经是足够了，所以选enough。5. 根据上下文判断，学生需要得到的是时间，故选B。6. “have a rest” 休息，在家应该为休息。7. 周末家庭作业应该在周日晚上前完成，周一上学去。故选D。8. 根据上下文，学生的家作是在匆匆忙忙的情况下完成的，周一老师看了当然是不高兴的，故选C。9. 学生不知道的应该是lesson,而不是games, activities and interests。10. 联系上下文，只要看懂就能选D。（B）Bill likes football very much, and he often

10、goes to watch matches in our 1 on Sundays. He doesnt get the best seats, 2 they are very 3 and he doesnt see his friends there.There was a big football match in our town last Sunday. 4 , it was very cold and cloudy, but then the sun 5 , and it was very hot.There were a lot of people on benches （凳子）

11、6 Bill at the match. Bill was on one bench, and there was a fat man on a bench 7 him. At first the fat man felt cold, _8 then he felt very hot. He took his coat off and put it in front of him, but it fell on Bills head. Bill was not angry. He took the coat 9 his head, looked at it and then laughed a

12、nd said,“Thank you . but 10 are the trousers?”1. A. village B. country C. town D. home2. A. so B. if C. because D. but3. A. dear B. cheap C. nice D. near4. A. At that timeB. ThenC. At first D. First5. A. was shiningB. shining C. shoneD. shines6. A. in front of B. behind C. round D. near7. A. behindB

13、. beside C. over D. by8. A. whyB. but C. and D. so9. A. away B. from C. on D. off10. A. how B. when C. where D. whose解析：1. 单独看此句，A、B、C三个答案都有可能，但根据短文第二段第一句There was a big football match in our town last Sunday的提示确定为C。2. 后面一句解释他为什么没有得到最好的座位，故为C。3. 他没有得到好座位的原因是票很贵，故答案为A。4. 根据下句but then the sun shone的提示

14、确定是C，否则有可能选A。5. 此句应用一般过去时态shone。6. 四个答案都符合语法，但根据后面的语境，此句意为“比尔周围有许多人”，确定选C。7. 根据后面的提示，即胖男子脱下上衣放在前面，掉在了比尔的头上，确定胖男子坐在比尔的后面，故为A。8. 先冷后热，是转折关系，but9. take.off his head意为“从头上拿下”，根据语义答案C显然不对，away是副词，后面不能接宾语。此外也可用take.away from,故答案为D。10. 衣服掉在比尔的头上，他没有生气，还问：“裤子呢?”意思是“你把衣服给了我，裤子也给我吧”，表现出比尔的幽默。故答案为C。完形填空的解题技巧（二

15、）：1. 词语搭配（1）从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。（2）因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film（3）词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with（奋力前行）。（4）因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a

16、lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off有“脱下（衣服），（飞机）起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假”等多种含意。2. 语法判定（1）要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：a. 名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。b. 动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。c. 选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与

17、动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。d. 选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。e. 选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。f. 选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。（2）要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装a. 句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。b. 句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。c. 句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。 （3）在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和

18、排除法a. 择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。b. 排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。3. 例举对比在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。一般的解题过程是：1. 通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2. 瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义

19、衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。3. 反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。4. 验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：（1）文章是否顺畅；（2）所填单词是否是最佳单词；（3）所填单词是否有拼写错误。典型例题解析（2001大连）（A）People worry about that they often lose their

20、 keys. Now if you forget 1 your key is, you can find it quickly.Lets read the following. Yesterday Mr. Smith 2 his key in the room.“Where is my key?”he said to himself .He didnt know 3_ . He thought hard and 4 had an idea.“Hello!”he said in a loud voice.“Hello!”a voice came from inside the drawer of

21、 the desk. He was 5 to hear that. He hurried to the desk and pulled the drawer 6 .To his pleasure, he 7 out the key from the drawer. What is all 8 ?So, that is a new 9 invented in America. There is an integrated circuit（集成电路） and a very small speaker built in it. It can tell its 10 voice in no more

22、than nine metres.1. A. what B. where C. how D. which2. A. took B. got C. brought D. lost3. A. what to doB. how to do C. when to find D. where to go4. A. when B. whileC. then D. than5. A. surprised B. interesting C. angry D. sorry6. A. closed B. up C. down D. open7. A. put B. took C. looked D. tried8

23、. A. in B. at C. about D. off9. A. key B. drawer C. desk D. house10. A. desksB. owners C. mans D. womans 解析：1. 选连接词where，答案应选B。2. 注意四个动词的语意，选lost,“丢失”之意，答案应选D。3. 从语意角度选what to do，答案应选A。4. 选then，表示“接着、下面就会”的意思，答案应选C。5. 选be surprised to do sth.的结构，答案应选A。6. 要理解pull sth. open（拉开），push sth. closed（推上），li

24、ft sth. up（举高），take sth. down（取下），答案应选D。7. 选take out（拿出），排除put out（扑灭、熄灭），look out（向外看，当心），try out（试验看看），答案应选B。8. 选about，如：What is all about? 这一切是怎么回事呢? 答案应选C。9. 只要看懂短文就会选key，答案应选A。10. 注意tell这里是“区别、辨别”之意，答案应选B。（B）In China, most peoples names have 1 parts, the 2 names and the family names. One person

25、 may have 3 names. For example, when they are very 4 at home, they usually have 5 names. In school and society they use their 6 names. If someone is a writer, he or she has a pen name. Now young couple （夫妇） become very 7 when they name their child. 8 the names have special meanings. Some show their

26、parents 9 .Girls names show that their parents want them to be nice. Boys names are often 10 to the country.1. A. one B. two C. three D. four2. A. first B. middle C. familyD. given3. A. many B. one C. differentD. same4. A. young B. oldC. at work D. at school5. A. formalB. pet C. penD. informal6. A.

27、formal B. pet C. pen D. informal7. A. careful B. carefullyC. angry D. happy8. A. both B. both of C. only D. most of9. A. ideaB. wishesC. hope D. thought10. A. bad B. hard C. useful D. beautiful解析：1. 中国人的姓名分为姓和名两部分，故选B。2. 根据此句的语义显然答案不是C。英美人姓名一般由三部分组成，即first name, middle name和family name,中国人的姓名由姓和名两部分

28、组成，即family name和given name,故选D。3. 下文举例一个人有小名、大名，也许有笔名，重点说明一个人也许有好几个名字，故选A。4. 根据此句的语义和下文In school and society的提示，可知此处意为“上学前”、“小时候”，故选A。5. 根据中国人的习惯，孩子上学前一般都有小名，即pet names，故选B。6. 上学时和走上社会后使用正式的名字，故选A。7. 此句意为：现在年轻的夫妇给孩子取名很认真，此句中become是连系动词，需要形容词作表语，故选A。8. 根据语境显然选D，意为大部分的名字都有特殊的意义，故选D。9. 名字表达了父母亲的希望，故选C。

29、10. 根据语境显然选C，如取名为“建国”、“卫国”等。【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）完形填空练习：（A）Mothers Day is a 1 for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States, England, India and _2 countries. In a short time, it becomes widely celebrated. Mothers Day 3 on the second Sunday in May. On that day, many people 4 gifts of love to their m

30、others.In China, people do the same on the day for mothers. And, in some cities, people sometimes ask 5 to be broadcast（广播） on the radio for his or her mother only. 6 might cost a little money, 7 ,as it is said,“ 8 is invaluable（无价的）.”On May 8,1999,just the day before the Mothers Day that year, a Ch

31、inese _9 _was killed in a criminal bombing（罪恶轰炸） in Yugoslavia（南斯拉夫）.Her name is Shao Yunhuan, a _10_,who wrote lots of articles（文章） for Chinese newspapers. All the Chinese will remember her for ever.（ ） 1.A.day B. holiday C. weekend D. thank（ ） 2.A.the other B. any other C. some other D. another（ ）

32、 3.A.lasts B. holdsC. makesD. falls（ ） 4.A.put B. send C. write D. post（ ） 5.A.a present B. a song C. some flowers D. some clothes（ ） 6.A.This B. These C. She D. They（ ） 7.A.but B. though C. then D. so（ ） 8.A.Monday B. Time C. Love D. Hate（ ） 9.A.boy B. girl C. father D. mother（ ） 10.A.worker B. rep

33、orter C. doctorD. teacher（B）We live in the “computer age”.Just 41 years 11 ，computers couldnt do much. They were very big and expensive. They used a lot of energy （能量）.Only 12 people were interested 13 them. Today computers are smaller and cheaper. They can do 14_ difficult work.Computers become imp

34、ortant 15 many reasons （原因）.They work faster than man and make few mistakes. They can “remember” much information. A computer can do millions of problems 16 a few seconds. A person might 17 years to work out so many problems.People now use computers in nearly every kind of work. Computers are very u

35、seful and the use of computers 18 growing. More computers mean more jobs for people, because people _19 to run and mend them. Would you like to learn 20 to run a computer?（ ） 11. A. early B. ago C. late D. after（ ） 12. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little（ ） 13. A. in B. withC. on D. by（ ） 14. A. a

36、nd B. soC. but D. or（ ） 15. A. in B. by C. for D. on（ ） 16. A. with B. on C. at D. in（ ） 17. A. need B. get C. want D. make（ ） 18. A. are B. is C. has D. have（ ） 19. A. may B. must C. should D. need（ ） 20. A. why B. whatC. how D. when（C）Market is a place we get food from. My 21 goes there every day.

37、Two or three _22 ago, I went with her to a 23 near our home. When we went inside, I saw the ground was 24 and a lot of people were doing 25 there. It was very noisy because so many people were speaking 26 . The sellers and the people were very _27_.There were many vegetables, fishes, and a lot of me

38、at there. My mother 28 to buy some of them, but there were too many people. We had to wait for some time 29 we bought all the food we needed. Now everything in the market is much 30 than before.（ ） 21. A. father B. mother C. sisterD. friend（ ） 22. A. days B. hours C. years D. times（ ） 23. A. market B. shop C. place D. cinema（ ） 24. A. clean B. empty C. full D. wet（ ） 25. A. cooking B. shopping C. reading D. washing（ ） 26. A. at the same time B. all the same C. all the d