气雾剂基础知识

1、Basic Knowledge of the Aerosol气雾剂基本知识曲维好电话：手机箱：广州从化经济技术开发区太源路11号1The definement of Aerosol气雾剂的定义An Aerosol can be defined as: An integral ready-to-use package incorporating a valve and a product which is dispensed by pre-stored pressure in a controlled manner when the valve is operated气

2、雾剂可被定义为: 气雾剂是指将内容物和抛射剂一起密封盛装在装有阀门的容器内，在抛射剂的压力下按预定形态喷出，一次使用的产品。这类产品以喷射的方式使用，喷出物可呈气态、液态或固态，喷出形状可为雾状、泡沫、粉末或胶束。2HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的An aerosol is made up of several basic components: 气雾剂的主要组成部分 An aerosol can 气雾罐 The product 内容物 The propellant 抛射剂 A valve with dip tube阀门及引液管 An actuator 喷嘴 A

3、 dust cap (not shown) 保护盖 3HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的1. Start with an empty aerosol container. This will be made of tinplate or aluminium, or perhaps glass.The capacity of the container will be greater than that which is declared on the pack. 1、首先由空的气雾罐开始，气雾罐可以是马口铁罐、铝罐或玻璃罐 标称灌装量应不超过气雾罐全容积的80%

4、4HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的2. The product, usually in the form of a liquid, is now added. This contains all the active ingredients, except for the propellant. The volume of liquid is very carefully controlled to ensure that it conforms with Weights & Measures legislation. 2、现在开始添加内容物，通常情况下为液态。

5、 包含了除抛射剂之外 的 所有有效成分。料液的体积按照标准规定受到严格控制。 5HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的3. The Aerosol valve is now fitted (crimped) to the can. This is a very critical operation and the crimping machinery has to be carefully set up to ensure that the can / valve seal does not leak. 3、现在将阀门封在罐上，这一工序要求非常严格，封口机必须调整正

6、确，以保证罐/阀门密封处不会泄漏 6HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的The propellant is now injected under pressure, through the valve.The propellant may be in the form of a liquified gas, or a compressed gas.If a liquified gas is used it will exist as both a liquid, and vapour in the aerosol can head space. The volume

7、 of liquid in the can will increase, as shown in this example.If a compressed gas is used, it will usually only be in the head space, above the liquid in the can, and there will be little or no increase in liquid volume.Again, the volume of liquid is very carefully controlled to ensure that it confo

8、rms with Weights & Measures legislation. 现在抛射剂通过阀门装入罐内.抛射剂可以是液化气或压缩气体如果是液化气，液相和气相会同时存在，气相在罐内上部，罐内的液相体积会升高。如果是压缩气体，它通常会在罐内的液相上部空间，液相体积会轻微升高或不升高。液相的体积须严格控制以满足计量法的规定。 7HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的The aerosol is now in a pressurised state due to the addition of the propellant. The cans are now immer

9、sed in a water bath at 50C to check for any leaks. Any cans that leak are rejected. 由于加入了抛射剂，现在产品内是有压力的。现在将产品放入50的水浴中以检查是否有泄漏现象，任何泄漏的罐子都将被剔出。 50的水浴也是重要的安全测试方式，确保产品在运输、储存及使用时不会发生变形或爆破。 8HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的If a large, or special, actuator is required it is fitted now. Finally the can will

10、 be date / batch coded, and shrink wrapped or boxed as required. 现在将促动器（喷嘴/喷头）装在阀门上。最后给产品喷上生产日期、批号、套上收缩膜，装箱。 9AEROSOL PROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂WHY DO WE NEED A PROPELLANTThe contents of the aerosol are made up of two components:1. The product, in the form of a liquid, emulsion or suspension.2. The propellan

11、t, which can be a liquefied gas, or even a compressed gas.The propellant is the driving force (or, you could say, the engine), behind the aerosol. 为什么需要抛射剂气雾剂内容物主要由两种组分构成:1. 产品本身，以液态、乳液、悬浮状存在2. 抛射剂可以是以液化气或压缩空气抛射剂是气雾剂的驱动力。 10AEROSOL PROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂 Liquefied propellants are gases that exist as liqu

12、ids under pressure. Because the aerosol is under pressure the propellant exists mainly as a liquid, but it will also be in the head space as a gas. As the product is used up as the valve is opened, some of the liquid propellant turns to gas and keeps the head space full of gas. In this way the press

13、ure in the can remains essentially constant and the spray performance is maintained throughout the life of the aerosol. The propellant is an essential element in the formulation. 当使用液化气作为抛射剂时，抛射剂主要以液态的形式存在，在罐子的顶部以气态的形式存在，当产品开始使用阀门打开时，部分液态的抛射剂又转换成气体在罐子的顶部。这样，罐内压力基本上保持不变。在气雾剂的整个使用寿命期间，喷射状态基本保持不变。 抛射剂是

14、配方的基本元素。 11AEROSOL PROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂 Compressed gas propellants really only occupy the head space above the liquid in the can. When the aerosol valve is opened the gas pushes the liquid out of the can. The amount of gas in the headspace remains the same but it has more space, and as a result the pre

15、ssure will drop during the life of the can. Spray performance is maintained however by careful choice of the aerosol valve and actuator. 当抛射剂为压缩空气时，其主要存在在罐子的顶部，当阀门打开时，气体将液体推出罐子，在罐子顶部的抛射剂的量基本保持不变，但空间增大了。因此，在气雾剂的整个使用寿命期间，罐内压力逐渐降低。要保持喷射状态不变需仔细挑选阀门和喷嘴。 12AEROSOL PROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂 In both of the examples

16、 above, you will see that the can is not full to the top with liquid. This is for safety reasons, as there must always be sufficient space for the propellant gas to occupy, under all likely storage conditions. If all the space in the can was full of liquid, there would be the possible danger of the

17、can bursting. The actual amount of liquid that can be filled into an aerosol can is controlled by legislation, and there has to be a greater head space when using compressed gas propellants - see the section on aerosol cans 在上述两个例子中，你会看到罐内并没有装满液体，这是出于安全因素的考虑，因为必须给抛射剂气相留有足够的空间，如果罐内所有空间都被液相占据，有可能会引起罐子

18、爆裂的危险。气雾剂液相的充装量是有法律规定规定的。当使用压缩气体作为抛射剂时气相需要的空间可能会更大。 13AEROSOL PROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂Typical PropellantsLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)Di Methyl EtherChlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)Non-soluble compressed Gasses. (e.g. Compressed Air and Nitrogen)Soluble compressed Gasses (e.g. Carbon Dioxide)几种典型的抛射剂液化石油气 (LPG)二

19、甲醚（DME）氯氟烃 (CFCs)不溶解性压缩气体. (如：压缩空气、氮气)可溶解性压缩气体 (如 二氧化碳)14AEROSOLS VALVE气雾剂阀门Valve Cup （阀杯）：主要有铁杯及铝杯Outer Gasket （外垫圈）:是阀杯及气雾罐之间的密封材料.Valve Housing（阀室） :- 装载阀杆、内垫圈、弹簧Valve Stem（阀杆） 按动时可以使内容物喷出Inner Gasket （内垫圈）:盖住阀杆上的孔Valve Spring （弹簧）: 通常是不锈钢.Dip Tube （引液管）: 引导液体进入阀门Actuator (not shown)（促动器，为表示出来） ：

20、也叫喷嘴、喷头，安装在阀杆上。 15AEROSOLS VALVE气雾剂阀门HOW VALVE WORKSThe valve stem is fitted with a small hole, through which the product flows. Some valves may contain two, or even four holes, depending on the nature of the product to be dispensed. The holes are very small, with diameters as low as 0.30mm, and as

21、high as 1.00mm. In the closed position the hole(s) is covered by the inner gasket.When the actuator is depressed it pushes the valve stem through the inner gasket, and the hole(s) is uncovered, allowing liquid to pass through the valve and into the actuator.CLOSEDWORKS16AEROSOLS VALVE气雾剂阀门阀门是如何工作的阀杆

22、上有14个小孔，根据喷射量的不同，孔数不同 孔径非常小，从0.3mm1.0mm 在不工作时，这些孔被内垫圈堵住当按下喷嘴时，阀杆穿过内垫圈，这些小孔未被堵上，这样液体通过阀杆进入喷嘴。非工作状态工作状态17AEROSOLS CANS气雾罐Metal aerosol cans are usually made from tinplated steel, or aluminumsTinplate aerosol cans are mostly made up of three components - a top containing the valve opening, a body and a

23、 bottom. Some two piece cans are also now available. Aluminum cans are usually made from single piece of aluminums metal.The tinplate used to make aerosol cans is coated with tin applied by electrodeposition. The thickness of the tinplate sheet used to make aerosol cans will vary, depending on the s

24、ize of the can, the pressure specification, and whether it is for can bodies or end components. For can bodies the thickness will range from 0.18mm to 0.25mm, and for tops / bottoms they will be 0.28mm to 0.43mm.金属气雾罐通常由马口铁或铝制造而成马口铁气雾剂罐大多数是三片罐：顶盖（有开口）、罐身及底盖；铝罐是单片罐制造气雾罐的马口铁镀有一层锡，马口铁的厚度根据罐子大小、耐压规格、用于罐身或罐底的不同而不同。对于罐身，其厚度从0.18mm 0.25mm；对于罐底其厚度从0.28mm 0.43mm；18AEROSOLS CANS气雾罐The amount of tin will vary, rangin