《画法几何及机械制图中英文》课程教学大纲

1、画法几何及机械制图（一）教学大纲课程代码130137课程名称画法几何及机械制图（一）英文名称Descriptive Geometry & Machine Drawing (1)课程类别公共基础课课程性质必修学时总学时：48上机学时：12（课外）实验学时：0实践学时：12（课外）学分3开课学期第一学期开课单位设计学院适用专业机械类各专业授课语言中文授课先修课程无毕业要求（专业培养能力）公共课无需填写课程培养学生的能力（教学目标）掌握正投影法的基本理论；培养对三维形状的空间逻辑思维能力；培养空间几何问题的图解能力；培养绘制和阅读机械图样的基本能力；培养计算机绘制工程图样的技能；培养认真细致的工作作

2、风。课程简介本课程是工科院校机械类各专业学生必修的一门技术基础课，主要目的是培养空间几何问题的图解能力及绘制和阅读机械图样的基本能力。教学内容与学时分配1绪论（2学时）明确本课程的目的、性质、任务、要求、内容和学习方法。2制图基本知识及计算机绘图简介（6学时）遵守国家标准的基本规定；懂得一般绘图工具和仪器的使用；掌握几何作图的画法、尺寸分析和标注；了解徒手绘图的技巧。了解用软件的二维绘图功能绘制平面几何图形。重点：应用国家标准绘制平面图形及尺寸标注。难点：已知线段、中间线段、连接线段的区分及平面图形的绘制和尺寸标注。3正投影的基本知识（8学时）（1）扎实掌握正投影的理论、三投影面体系及三视图的

3、形成、三视图的投影规律；（2）掌握点、直线和平面在第一角中各种位置的投影特性和作图方法；（3）掌握点、直线和平面之间的从属性和定比性原理及作图方法；（4）掌握两平行、相交、交叉直线的投影特性、作图及判断方法；（5）掌握直线与平面之间的投影特性、作图及判断方法。重点：点线面在三投影体系中的投影定律及相互位置关系。难点：直角三角形法、直角投影定律的应用及交点交綫的作图方法。4投影变换（4学时）掌握换面法及其应用。重点：点的投影变换定律及直线与平面的投影变换应用。难点：直线与平面的换面要求。5立体的投影（12学时）（1）掌握平面立体和曲面立体的投影特性、作图及其表面取点的方法；（2）能够分析特殊平面

4、与平面立体、曲面立体的截交线性质，掌握截交线作图的基本方法；（3）能够分析平面立体与曲面立体、两曲面立体的相贯线性质，掌握用表面取点法和辅助平面法求解相贯线的方法。（4）运用计算机绘图软件的三维建模功能绘制三维立体图形，从而直观理解立体的截交与相贯。重点：截交线和相贯线的作图方法。难点：用棱线法和棱面法及表面取点法和辅助平面法做出立体的截交线和相贯线。6轴测投影（2学时）（1）建立轴测投影的基本概念，了解轴向伸缩系数和轴间角的几何意义；（2）了解正等测和斜二测轴测图的画法，绘画简单组合体轴测图。重点：正等测和斜二测轴测图的画法要求。难点：圆的正等测和斜二测轴测图的画法。7组合体（14学时）（1

5、）掌握组合体的构成特点，能运用形体分析和线面分析方法画图、读图和尺寸标注，做到投影正确、尺寸齐全。（2）运用绘图软件的三维建模功能绘制组合体的立体图形，并运用软件功能转换为组合体三视图。运用绘图软件标注组合体尺寸。重点：运用形体分析方法和线面分析方法分析组合体的构成特点，掌握组合体的绘图方法和读图方法，应用国家标准正确标注组合体尺寸。难点：组合体的二求三。实验教学（包括上机学时、实验学时、实践学时）理论课教学之外，需配置12学时计算机实操课，以及12学时习题课教学方法课程教学以课堂教学、课外作业、综合讨论、网络授课等共同实施。考核方式平时作业和课堂表现：30%期末考试（闭卷）：70%教材及参考

6、书现用教材：1）陈锦昌，陈炽坤，孙炜，构型设计制图，高等教育出版社 2）陈锦昌，丁川，陈亮，构型设计制图习题集，高等教育出版社 主要参考资料：1 陈锦昌，刘林，机械制图，高等教育出版社 2 陈锦昌，丁川，机械制图习题集，高等教育出版社 3陈锦昌，刘林，计算机工程制图，华南理工大学出版社 4陈锦昌，丁川，计算机工程制图习题集，华南理工大学出版社 5窦忠强，曹彤，陈锦昌，工业产品设计与表达，高等教育出版社 6陈炽坤，杨光辉，窦忠强，工业产品设计与表达习题集，高等教育出版社“Descriptive Geometry & Machine Drawing (1)” SyllabusCourse Code

7、130137Course TitleDescriptive Geometry & Machine Drawing (1)Course CategoryGeneral Basic CourseCourse NatureCompulsory CourseClass HoursTotal hours: 48 (in-class); Computer operation hours: 12 (outside class); Experiment hours: 0; Practice hours: 12 (outside class).Credits3SemesterIInstituteSchool o

8、f DesignProgram OrientedMechanical EngineeringTeaching LanguageChinesePrerequisitesNoneStudent Outcomes (Special Training Ability)NoneTeaching ObjectivesMaster the basic theory of orthogonal projection method.Cultivate students logical thinking ability towards 3D space.Raise the basic abilities of d

9、rawing and reading engineering drawings.Raise the graphic ability to solve space geometry problems.Cultivate engineering drawing skills on computers.Cultivate students meticulous working attitudes.Course DescriptionThis is a compulsory technological basic course for students of mechanical engineerin

10、g majors. The main objective of the course is to raise students basic abilities of drawing and interpreting engineering drawings, as well as the graphic ability to solve space geometry problems.Teaching Content and Class Hours DistributionIntroduction. (2 hours)Clear the purpose, nature, tasks, requ

11、irements, contents and the study method of this course.Introduction to the basic knowledge of drawing and computer graphics. (6 hours)Conform to the basic provisions of the national standard.Understand the use of the drawing tools and instruments in general.Master the methods of plotting, size analy

12、sis and dimensioning. Understand the skills of freehand drawing.Understand how to draw 2D graphics in the drawing software.Key Points: Draw the plane figures according to the national standards. Dimensioning.Difficulties: The differences among the known line, middle line, and connecting lines. The d

13、rawing of plane figures and dimensioning.Basic knowledge of orthographic projection. (8 hours)Master the orthogonal projection theory, the three-projection plane system, the formation of the three-view drawing and the projection laws of the three-view drawing.Master the projection features and the d

14、rawing methods of points, lines and planes at the first angle.Master the subordination, the definite proportion laws of points, lines and planes, and their drawing methods.Master the projection features, drawing and judgment method of two parallel lines, intersecting lines, or cross lines.Master the

15、 projection features, drawing and judgment method between a line and a plane.Key Points: The projection features and the position of points, lines and planes in the three-projection plane system.Difficulties: Right triangle method. The application of the orthogonal projection laws and the drawing me

16、thods of intersection points and lines.Projection transformation. (4 hours)Master the method of projection transformation and its application.Key Points: The laws of point projection transformation and the application of projection transformation of lines and planes.Difficulties: The requirements of

17、 projection transformation of the line and the plane.Projection of solids. (12 hours)Master the projection features and the drawing methods of plane bodies and curved surface bodies, and know how to get points on their surfaces.Learn to analyze the nature of the section line between a special plane

18、and a planar body or a curved surface body. Master the basic method of the section line drawing.Learn to analyze the nature of the intersecting line between a plane body and a curved surface body or between two curved surface bodies. Learn to find out the intersecting line by means of get points on

19、surface method and auxiliary plane method.Use the 3D modeling function of the computer graphics software to render 3D solids, thereby understand the section and intersection of solids explicitly.Key Points: The drawing methods of section lines and intersecting lines.Difficulties: Find out the sectio

20、n line and the intersecting line of solids by means of ridge method, ridge surface method, as well as the get points on surface method and the auxiliary plane method.Axonometric projection. (2 hours)Set up the basic concept of the axonometric projection. Understand the geometry meaning of the axial

21、distortion parameter and the axial angle.Understand the drawing methods of isometric projection and cabinet projection. Plot axonometric drawing of simple complexes.Key Points: The drawing methods of isometric projection and cabinet projection.Difficulties: The isometric projection drawing method an

22、d cabinet projection drawing method of circles.Complex. (14 hours)Master the composition characteristics of complexes, can use the form analysis and line &surface analysis method to draw, read and dimensioning the drawing correctly and precisely.Use the 3D modeling function of the drawing software t

23、o form the three-dimensional graphics of the complex. Obtain the three view drawing of the complex through the software. Dimension the complex in the software.Key Points: Analyze the composition characteristics of complexes by means of form analysis and line &surface analysis method. Master the read

24、ing and drawing methods of the complex. Dimension the size of the complex correctly according to the national standard.Difficulties: Obtain the 3D shape of the complex according to its 2D drawing.Experimental TeachingIn addition to theory teaching, deploys 12 hours computer exercise class, as well as 12 hoursexercise class.Teaching MethodClassroom teaching, homework, discussion, and MOOC lesson.Examination MethodDaily homework and class performance: 30% Final exam (closed-book exam) : 70%Teaching Materials and Re