高一英语必修一-人教版SectionⅣGrammar-定语从句(Ⅱ)

1、高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句（口）高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句(U )Section IV Grammar 一定语从句（n ）语法精析塔然盛翻糊渊蹈瞄报德想墨描“朋做脚热翻稔新知导引.（教材 P34）The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（教材 P34）It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for a

2、dvice.（教材 P34）He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.（教材 P34）The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.（教材 P34）However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.（教材 P34） . . until today we have reached a stage where we

3、 have almost no rights at all.（教材 P34）The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.（教材 P34） . . we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.语法详解定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why

4、引导，它们在从句中作状语。.关系副词when引导的定语从句when表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的 名词，如 time, day, hour, year 等。Wewill never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Gameswere held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。 He lived in a time when the blind couldnt get much education.他生活在一个盲人得不到教育的时期。温馨提示：when是关系副词，在从句中只

5、能作状语，而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that ,作宾语时常常省略关系代词。Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语）.关系副词 where引导的定语从句where表示地点，代替先行词并在

6、定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的 名词，如 place, factory, house, village等。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。He is now working in the factorywhere his father worked.现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。温馨提示：（1）若表示地点的先行词在从句中不作地点状语时，不可用 where来引导定 语从句，若作主语或宾语时，应用 which或that来引导定语从句。This is the

7、 house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以用 which/that ，不用 where）The school （which/that） we visited yesterday is newly built.我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。（关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语）2） 一些特殊名词后用 where引导定语从句。如果定语从句前面的先行词是point,situation, condition, stage和 case 等，且在从句中作状语

8、时，应用 where 来引导定语从句。We have come to the point where we have to face such a problem.我们已到了必须面对这样一个问题的地步了。Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselvesdifferently.把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。. 关系副词 why 引导的定语从句why 表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason 这个词。I dont know the

9、reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？温馨提示： 若先行词 reason 在从句中不作状语， 而作主语或宾语时， 应用 that 或 which 来引导定语从句。I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我

10、们的那个理由。 （ 定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用 which/that ，不 用 why）The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mothers advice.我认为你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。 ( 定语从句中缺少状语，所以用 why 或 for which) “介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时， 我们通常用 “介词关系代词” 引导定语从句。如果指“人” ，用“介词whom” ；如果指“物”，用“介词 which ”。选用介词的依据：根

11、据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯( 即固定短语) 。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。根据先行词的搭配习惯( 约定俗成，不一定是短语) 。The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.刚才和你们说话的老太太是一个著名的艺术家。根据句子的意思来选择。My computer, without which I cant surf the Internet, broke down yesterda

12、y.昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能网上冲浪。表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，常用 . of which/whom 引导定语从句。I have about ten books, half of which were written by Mo Yan. 我有大约 10 本书，其中一半是莫言写的。The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers.这位老人有两个儿子，两个儿子都是律师。( 短语拆开后含义发正)温馨提示：在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用生变化 ) ，如 look after, look for 等。The bab

13、ies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.（误 ）考情分析关系副词和 “介词 which ” 引导的定语从句是定语从句考查的重点和难点， 尤其是 “介 词 which ”引导的定语从句中介词的选择。另外，当先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时，要用哪个关系词还要看关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。口诀助记（口 诀一）定语从句真奇妙，关系代（副）词来引导， 定语从句分两种， 是否限定看逗号。（口诀二）which

14、指物 who指人，地点where时间when, that人或物均可，why 之前是 reason。即时训练I .单句填空Wewill put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.Many people were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes where p

15、eople were eaten by the tiger.n .完成句子. 一些学龄前儿童去日间托儿所，在那里他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。Somepre - school children go to a day care center where they learnsimple gamesand songs.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用语言的情况。Today, well discuss a number of cases where_new English learners fail to use the language properly.我迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。

16、The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the way.我们生活在一五匕而田丽候都更容易获得信息的时代。We live in an age when information is available with greater ease than ever before.许多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动植物可以受到保护。Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.m.单句填空I wi

17、sh to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far.He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upo

18、n which school education depends.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying（study） Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany.W.根据句意在空白处庙高应的“介词+关系代词”The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.The age at which c

19、hildren can go to school is seven.The dog, of which she used to be afraid, is her favourite animal now.高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句（口）高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句（口）The speed at_which Tom drives his car is too high.Tom is the boy with whom I went to the cinema together.髻咖瞅腌授时诙然橇谭德急硼相

20、眦晒熊熊煦簿堂训练疝佳I落实I .单句语法填空Wewent through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago.He didnt tell me the reason why he was so excited.Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time?

21、The school where he once worked is famous for its beautiful scenery.Could you tell me something about the girl whose father is an astronaut?Is this the classroom where the old soldier is going to give us a speech?Ill never forget the time that/which we spent together in the army camp.Ill never forge

22、t the day when I joined the League.I know the girl whom the teacher talked with yesterday.National Day is a special day which/that we should keep in mind.I will never forget the winter holiday when we stayed together.n .单句改错The book which cover is broken was bought by Tom yesterday. which fwhoseIn B

23、eijing we visited the Birds Nest which the 29th Olympics were held.which 一 whereI dont believe the reason why he explained to me just now.wh尸 that/whichI will never forget the day on that I first came to his beautiful school. that fwhichHave you visited the city where was named after the first presi

24、dent of the USA?wherefwhichThere was a period of time in his childhood that he liked listening to stories very much.that fwhenThis is the factory which he worked ten years ago.which fwhereHe got to the station at five thirty where the bus had already left.where fwhen面.语法与写作The reason why_he_could_no

25、t_go_there was that he was ill in bed.他不能到那里去的原因豆他卧山在床。We are living in an age when_many_things_are_done on computer.我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑工做的时代。After graduation he returned to the small town where/in which he grew up.毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。一I dont like the way (that/inwhich) you spoketo your parents.我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话

26、的方式。The house which_was_destroyed in the terrible fire has been repaired.那间在大火中被毁坏的而已经被重新修好了。Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。课时彳业（二十）Unit 5 Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句（n ）I .单句语法填空Could you tell me the reason why you were late for your work yesterday?The car

27、 whose window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown.This is the primary school where both my brother and I stayed for six years.This is the little girl whose parents both got killed in the train accident last year.Mother always remembers the day when I was born.Though it is reasonable for t

28、he director toeducate his staff, I dont likethe way that/in which he spoke to them.This is the house where my grandfather lived three years ago.The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound.I still remember the day on which I first came to this school.I will miss the days when I st

29、ayed with my host family in Paris.n .阅读理解On her first day teaching students from poor families at an after -school program in New York City, Alyssa Kapasi noticed how many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruit in the school cafeteria. One of the workers explained that many of these stude

30、nts dont get enough to eat at home, so a school lunch or an after -school meal might be the most food they would get all day.Kapasi, who attends private school, was very surprised. Whats more, she made up her mind to help. I want other kids to understand that if you see a problem, you dont have to w

31、ait to grow up to fix it says Kapasi. She and a group of friends are now putting their programming skills to work to create an app called Food for Thought, which will allow parents, students, and even kind- hearted strangers todonate to a lunch account for a student in need at a nearby school.About

32、20 million American kids receive free lunches. Two million more can have low - price meals, and those students families have to pay for part of their food.Whenthey dont have the money on any given day, the students might have to settle for an “ alternative（可替代的）meal such as a cheese sandwich.The app

33、 which is getting financial（ 财政的）support from a GoFundMe page provides anonymity（ 匿名）to those who receive lunch and donors. To receive help, a family will need only a recommendation（ 推荐）from a school teacher, and no one else has to know.want to make an app that all users feel no shame in usingsays K

34、apasi.She hopes to test the app in a school district this fall.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国纽约市一名叫Alyssa Kapasi的女孩设计了 一款应用程序来解决贫困家庭学生的饥饿问题。Why does Kapasi want to create an app?To teach kids how to help others.To practise her programming skills.To introduce her school to the public.To solve the problem of hu

35、nger in schools.答案与解析：D推理判断题。第一段介绍了 Kapasi设计应用程序的缘由一一她看到许 多在学校餐厅排队领取免费食物的孩子并了解到很多孩子在家吃不饱；再由第二段中的shemade up her mind to help.to work to create an app called Food for Thought可知，她致力于解决贫困家庭学生的饥饿问题。What does the underlined phrase “settle for in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Buy. B . Make.C. Accept. D . Of

36、fer.答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。由前文中的About 20 million American kids receivefree lunches. Two million more can have low- price meals 可知，本段介绍了美国孩子享受免费或者低价午餐的情况。对于那些没有钱支付低价午餐的孩子，他们可以得到诸如奶酪三明治之类的食物来替代午餐。What should a family do if they want to get help from Food for Thought?Visit a GoFundMe page.Get in touch with Kapa

37、si.Be recommended by teachers.Donate something else instead.答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的 To receive help, a family will need only a recommendation from a school teacher可知，想要获得 Food for Thought 帮助的家庭，只需被学校老师推荐即可。What can we infer about the users of Kapasis app?They wont lose face in using it.They will make

38、 money by using it.They will know who offers them help.They wont meet their donors until this fall.答案与解析：A 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的The vides anonymity tothose who receive lunch and donors 和最后段中的 I want to make an app that all users feel no shame in using 可知，该应用软件提供匿名服务，这样不会让使用者丢面子。出.阅读填句How to keep a t

39、idy deskWorking at a clean desk can often be more effective（有效的 ）! _1_ ? Thefollowing will help you to have a tidy desk.?Only keep things you really need on and near your desk. Use a tray（ 文件盘）for any papers you have to read. Have a small box for pens and pencils and have a rubbish bin near your des

40、k.?_2_. Go to the kitchen when you want to have a drink or, if you prefer, keep a drink on a small table near your desk.?Cut down the amount of paper that you use.Try to keep as much informationas possible on your computer. Before printing a document（文件）,ask yourself,“ 3 ? ”?Use your smartphone to t

41、ake photos of things you need to remember. For example, take photos of notes to yourself, the name and address of a place you need to visit or diagrams you need to study for school.?Get a noticeboard. _4_ , use a noticeboard on the wall. Check it every day and throw old notes in the bin.?Clean your

42、desk at the end of every day._5_! If you do it every day, itwill only take five minutes and you can start each new day with a clean and tidy space.Whatever youre writing downDont keep any drinks on your deskDo I really need to read this on paperChoose a time to tidy your desk and do itIf you really

43、do need to keep small bits of paperIs a noticeboard a good way to organize bits of paperDo you want to start cleaning, but you do not know how【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几条如何保持书桌整齐的小窍门。G 该空后的 The following will help you to have a tidy desk是对 G项中的you do not know how 的回答。B 由该空后的 Go to the kitchen.to have a drin

44、k和 keep a drink on a smalltable near your desk 可知，本段建议不要在书桌上摆放任何饮料。故选B项。C 由该空前的 Try to keep as much information as possible on your computer 和Before printing a document 可知，打印文件前，问一问自己“是否真的需要阅读纸质 内容”。这与本段小标题Cut down the amount of paper that you use相呼应。E 由本段小标题 Get a noticeboard 和该空后的throw old notes 可

45、知，如果真 的需要保存一些小纸片，可以利用墙上的布告栏。E项中的small bits of paper 与notes相呼应。D D项中的 Choose a time to tidy your desk与本段小标题 Clean your desk atthe end of every day 相呼应。W.完形填空AfterI graduatedfrom college,I triedto find work. I applied（申请）everywherebut no one 1 me. Finally I 2 a job ina group homefor mentallydisabled（

46、有心理缺陷的 ）people. It wasnt 3 work. Our work included the feeding, dressing, and safety of our clients （委托人）.Also we had to take them to theirsupported jobs, and help them to _4_ thejr behaviors when they acted out. It was a difficult job emotionally（感情上）and I really wasnt _5_ for jt. In fact, Ididnt _

47、6_ to go to work each day.One of our clients was a young man who couldnt _7_ and would often behave badly when wanting to express something. He did 8 walking outside, however, so the other workers would often have me take him for a walk up the road to _9_ him_down. One day when we were out 10, I sud

48、denly felt something touch my fingers. The young man was trying to 11 my hand.12 pushing it away, I took his 13and we walked along together in the sunshine. Then as we turned to head back to the homeI _14_ it. There was a light shining in his eyes. It was full of love, happiness and goodness. In tha

49、t moment I saw past his _15_ behaviors. I saw who he really was.Little did I know that 16 would help prepare me for my own two sons mental illness. It would help me to see the _17_ that lay within them as well and learn that caring for them was not a 18 but an honor（荣幸）.It would help meto realize th

50、ey were to be my greatest _19_. They taught me how to live and how to love. They showed me the only way to make sure that love and happiness live on our planet is to _20_ them there ourselves.一 由篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者大学毕业后，在一家看护中心照顾有心理缺陷的人。这段工作经历以及后来照顾患有精神病的两个儿子教会了作者如何生活、如何给予他人关高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar

51、一 定语从句(U )高一英语必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定语从句(U )爱。1 A.acceptedC helped答案与解析： A。B understoodD praised由 I applied everywhere but 可知， 此处表示没有人 “接受 (accepted)A.created B offeredC got D refused答案： CA.dangerous B easyC safe D difficult答案与解析： B 由 Our work included the feeding, dressing, and safety of our可

52、知，最终作者在一家看护clients 以及下文中的 It was a difficult job emotionally中心“找到了 (got) ”一份工作。那不是一份“容易的 (easy) ”工作。A.change B judgeC control D show答案与解析： C 由上文中的 mentally disabled people 以及本句中的 acted out 可知， 此处表示帮助那些有心理缺陷的人“控制 (control) ”自己的行为。A.sorry B readyC thankful D regretful答案： BA.ask B agreeC promise D want

53、答案与解析： D 由 It was a difficult job emotionally可知， “我”真的没有“准备好 (ready) ”从事这份工作。事实上， “我”每天都不“想(want) ”去上班。A.talk B hearC see D learn答案与解析： A 由本句中的 would often behave badly when wanting to express something 可推断，这位委托人有言语障碍，故选 talk 。A.hate B practiceC consider D enjoy答案与解析： D 由下文中的 so the other workers would