河北衡水高三英语新高考语法学习笔记（26）过去完成时和将来完成时知识点概要公开课

1、淅水第一中图Henasln NOA High fchwl河北衡水高三英语新高考语法学习笔记（26）过去完成时和将来完成时知识点概要第二节过去完成时（had done）46过去完成时的用法现在完成时表示一个开始于现在之前（即过去）并且仍在持续或 刚刚结束的动作。同理类推，过去完成时用来表示在过去某一时 刻之前（即过去的过去）就已开始的动作，这一动作： 在该过去时刻仍然在继续或刚刚停止在该过去时刻之前的某一时刻已停止在该过去时刻之前的一段时间内重复进行（1 ）表示开始于过去某一时刻之前（即过去的过去）的动作或 状态在过去这一时刻仍在持续一个动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直持续到这一 过去

2、时间，并且到这一过去时间还未结束并仍有可能继续持续下 去。I had stayed in America for two years when he moved here.（moved是过去的动作，stayed发生在moved之前，即过去 的过去；在moved之后stayed动作还将会继续。）I had learned 1000 words by the end of last year. （ learned 在过去时间the end of last year之前已开始，到去年底之 后还可能持续。）He had collected ten books of stamps by the end

3、of last month.It had snowed for a long time when I woke up.(2)表示开始于过去某一时刻之前的动作到过去这一时刻之前 即已停止具体来说就是表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开 始，并且到这一过去时间之前即告结束，而并没有持续到这一过 去时刻。这时过去完成时的动作通常是短暂动作。Before John got home, Mary had gone to bed.(3)表示在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作，在过去这一时刻之 前的一段时间内重复发生I had written her 100 letters when she finally

4、 promised to marry me.(4)过去完成时的其他用法1 ) intend , mean , hope , want , plan , suppose , expect , think , propose , wish等动词的过去完成时，可表示过去未能实现的计划,设想.意图或希望等I had planned to go shopping with you but my mother came to see me just when I was about to go.They had hoped to see you off at the airport, but they g

5、ot there too late.2 )用在It was the +序数词/最高级+ that.句型中Last week I attended an international conference and sawMr. Machine. It was the third time that I had met him.47 一般过去时与过去完成时的比拟一个或两个以上相继发生的动作，用and或but按动作发生的 先后顺序连接，此时要用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。过去 完成时那么强调主语在过去某一时刻回顾更早的动作。当我们在谈论过去某一事件时,想到了在这之前已发生的某事，这时可以用过去完成时

6、态。He opened the door and entered, but found nobody.I realized that we had met before.在表示两个相继发生的动作时，用过去完成时可以表示在一个动 作完成以后，另一个动作才开始发生，从而使得两个动作相互独 立，彼此脱离开来。用一般过去时，那么可能表示一个动作的发生 导致另一个动作的发生，或两个动作之间有因果关系。When I had opened all the windows I sat down and had acup of tea.我把所有的窗子都翻开后，就坐下来喝了杯茶。（不宜说WhenI opened.

7、）I opened the window and the cat jumped out.我刚把窗子翻开，那只猫就跳了出去。When I had written my letters I did some gardening.我把信写完后，到花园里干了些活。（不宜说When I wrote.）When I wrote him a letter, he came at once.我给他去了封信后，他立即就来了。When the singer had sung her song, she sat down.这位歌手唱完歌以后,就坐了下来。（假设说成When the singer sangher so

8、ng, she sat down.那么可能给人造成这种印象:这位 歌手是坐着唱歌的。）第三节将来完成时（will have done） 48将来完成时动作开始的时间将来完成时，是以将来为坐标时间,来表示开始于将来之前 （可能是过去、现在或将来）的动作持续到将来。这里说动作开始于“将来之前，意味着动作开始的时间可能是： 过去某一时刻现在某一时刻将来某一时刻但动作开始的时间并不重要，关键是说话人要站在将来的某一时 间来谈某一动作的完成情况。We will have taken five exams by next Friday.到下个星期五之前，我们将完成五门考试。49将来完成时的三种用法(1 )

9、表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作或状态I will have taught English in New Oriental School for five years by the end of next month.I will have waited for her for two hours when she arrives at 14 o clock.The old man will have worked in this factory for 50 years when he retires next month.By the time I see you, I will have graduated.I will have finished my homework by the time I go out on a date tonight.(3)表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作，在该时刻之前的一 段时间内重复发生By five o clock this afternoon