宾语从句精讲

1、宾语从句精讲 一、定义 简单句的几种基本句型, 其中有一种是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。其中, 名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或to do形式都可以作宾语，例如buy a book, beat him, stop doing sth., want to do sth.等。这些例子中的宾语是用一个单词或短语来表达的。 但是, 当要用英语表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”时，我们就无法在know后用一个单词表达出“你昨天去看电影了”这个意思。“你昨天去看电影了”这个结构中包含行为本身，行为的发出者和行为的承受者，是一个完整的句子，因此只能用句子表达。这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子, 我们称为“宾语从句”

2、。 二、类型宾语从句分为三类：that 引导的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句I hope (that) it will snow this winter. 当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，其后面的句子一般用that引导。that 没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下 that 可以省略。例如： I hope (that) it will snow this winter. Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air. 常接 that 宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, exp

3、ect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, under, stand, warn, wish等。ExercisesFind out the object clauses in the passage.1. We thought somebody was moving about.2. Linglings uncle said it was an animal.3. We came out without making any noise, and found i

4、t was just a hungry monkey looking for food.4. ., but linglings uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants and that we should protect everything here. 2. whether/if 引导的宾语从句 Im not sure if he will come. whether/if及疑问词引导的宾语从句从句如果用whether或if来引导，表示“是否”。例如：He does not know whether they will p

5、lant trees on Saturday or not.He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday.if和whether的区别：从句后面还有or not的话，一般就要选择whether，构成whether or not 的结构。3. 疑问词引导的宾语从句 I want to know what he will do next. 疑问词引导的宾语从句。1）. 用when，where，how或why等疑问词引导，这是从句意思表达的需要。2）. 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，一定要用陈述句语序。例如：I want to know where he

6、will go tomorrow.ExercisesDo some exercises and draw the answers from the Ss.1. Everyone can play an important part in society. As members, we should try our best to do_. A. what we should do B. what should we do C. how we should do D. how should we do 2. Im not sure _. Ill call to make sure. A. how

7、 he will be back B. that he has come back C. why he has come back D. if he has been back.3. Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving Day C. which animal does he like best 除了我们讲过的引导词和语序问题，还有一个时态问题。请同学们观察下面宾语从句的时态特点。(1) I can hardly believe we are in th

8、e city centre.(2) I am sure it will be fantastic to see the city from the top.(3) I did not know who she was.(4) We thought somebody was moving about.(5) Linglings uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants从上面的句子中我们不难发现，宾语从句的时态和主句的时态是息息相关的。当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去

9、时态Exercises1. Do you know _ Zunyi or not tomorrow? 【2012 黔西南】 A. whether are they leaving for B. whether they are leaving for C. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for 2. - What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend? 【2012 绵阳市】 - OK. But Im not sure _ it will rain. A. why B. where C. when D. whether 3. -Is Tom still in New York or already back at home? -Im not sure _. Ill call to make sure. 【2012 湖北十堰】 A. how he will be back B. that he has come back C. why