2022年新余学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年新余学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【阅读选择】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not kno

2、w whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第2题【

3、单选题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. B

4、ut in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sente

5、nce of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and b

6、ad manners not to.【正确答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此选择C。第3题【单选题】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根本无关。irrelevant to 表示：与无关。第4题【单选题】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the

7、country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查形容词词义区分。A 强烈的，极度的；B 最初的，开始的；C 立即的，即时的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，选A比较恰当。第5题【单选题】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A、was not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正确答案】C【答案解析】题目意思：如果这个操作（或手术）没有充分准备就

8、不能成功了。本题是 语法题：虚拟语气。本题是与过去的事实相违背 第6题【单选题】【阅读选择】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the i

9、ndividuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word “allegiance is closest in meaning to _. A、loyalt

10、y B、objective C、survival D、motive【正确答案】A【答案解析】解本题可用同类词关系进行判断。在“allegiance”前后的两个词分别是commitment和 sacrifice，应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词，再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案A。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which

11、sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian? A、She i

12、s the author. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第8题【单选题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This

13、 may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of t

14、hat, because some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? A、Nearly 75 per cent. B、About 97 per cent. C、Exactly 3 per cent. D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3的水适于人

15、类饮用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3。第9题【单选题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by

16、 giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More

17、 people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者“there are more men than are neededwhen two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less p

18、roductivity than could be obtained”。第10题【单选题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and

19、health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第1

20、1题【单选题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several second

21、s.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequently B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small lumin

22、ous ball，关键词是rarest（rare的最高级形式）与infrequently“很少发生，少有”表达相同的意思。第12题【单选题】【阅读选择】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose t

23、o leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and mi

24、llions more with just a little hearing drop-off（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According

25、to the passage, hearing loss is_. A、only a minor health problem. B、the worlds most common health problem. C、merely a teenage disease. D、an incurable disease.【正确答案】B【答案解析】hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem这句话可以帮助我们找到答案。第13题【单选题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out a

26、bout how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above

27、the earth. B、If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that s

28、un storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第14题【单选题】【2009.04】Dont trust everything _ you have read in the newspapers. A、which B、that C、as D、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定语从句所修饰的

29、先行词是不定代词everything，故选B。第15题【单选题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care.

30、This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第16题【单选题】【填句补文】

31、The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilson

32、s have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B

33、【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们改变观点的句子，因为下一句表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第17题【单选题】【2008.04】Anxiety can _ with childrens performance at school. A、refer B、prefer C、infer D、interfere【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以妨碍孩子们在学校的表现。 A . refer to 提到、查阅、涉及；B. prefer to更喜欢； C. infer from（根据某事）推断、推定； D. interfere with

34、扰乱、妨碍。第18题【单选题】【阅读选择】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; pa

35、inting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity_. A、when he is two. B、when he is around four. C、when he is six. D

36、、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第19题【单选题】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up with C、keep up with D、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍

37、受极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和.保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第20题【单选题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Countera

38、ct your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to

39、work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思，作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为(对你的能量周期)能起作用。”最后两句又说，“rise

40、 before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得更好。”)因此选项C是正确答案。第21题【单选题】【阅读判断】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you c

41、an do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的关键句为：but in fact your brai

42、n and your mouth do not work together properly. 因此本题答案为A。第22题【单选题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many langu

43、ages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正确答案】C【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第23题【单选题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of

44、southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。题中说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电，与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡部分地区，电力中断，几千名居民无电可用。t

45、he whole England 与 parts of southeast England 是不符的，所以选B。第24题【单选题】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。A 挑衅、侵犯；B 优势、优点；C 选择、取舍；D 野心、抱负。第25题【单选题】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ t

46、he implication between the lines. A、get to B、get with C、get at D、get down【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词组辨析。A. 开始，接触； C. 找出，发现； D. 下来，写下来。 第26题【单选题】【阅读选择】I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an op

47、en door for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site Associated Content _. A、offers you a lot of novels to read B、is good for your becoming a writer C、asks you to study wri

48、ting regularly D、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。根据本段的can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer确定B答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A与D选项所表达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C选项中regularly一词并未在文中得到体现。第27题【单选题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre

49、 hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as:

50、 Get up, John！Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of th

51、e following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage？ A、Unawareness of energy cycles. B、Familiar monologues. C、A change in a family members energy cycle. D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即：“Much family quarrelling ends when husba

52、nds and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has”)，同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即：“For some people the peak comes during the morningFor others it comes in the afternoon or evening”)的意思。该句的直接意思是“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。”也就是说，家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解

53、能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles(不知道能量周期)应是正确答案。第28题【单选题】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人士。A 显然，明显地 B 外表上，直观地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 实际上，事实上第29题【

54、单选题】This is the most beautiful village _ I visited these years. A、which B、where C、in which D、that【正确答案】D【答案解析】分析句子成分后发现，visit为及物动词，所缺部分为宾语，所以应该选择关系代词。因为这里涉及到了最高级，所以只能选that。第30题【单选题】【2008.10】Never before _ so rapidly developing as it is today. A、has our country been B、has been our country C、our count

55、ry has been D、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速发展。【详细解答】否定词never在句首，该句子应采用部分倒装。第31题【单选题】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新鲜且环境无噪音。in

56、that 是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一个固定词组。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第32题【单选题】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词。【译文】 尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。第33题【单选题】【阅读选择】N

57、orthern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the yea

58、r in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!In the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentione

59、d_. A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate B、to tell us how wealthy their residents are C、to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beauty D、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的

60、气候特点，这些不利的地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题意。第34题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第35题【单选题】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers re