祈使句考点总结

1、祈使句考点一 （一）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句 子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命 令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动 词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。命令）Be quiet, please. （Please be quiet.）（请安静。请求）Be kind to our sister.（对姊妹要和善。劝告）Watch your steps.（走路小心。 警告）Look out! Danger!（小心！危险！ 一一强烈警告，已如感叹

2、句）Keep off the grass.（勿践草坪。一一禁止）No parking.（禁止停车。 禁止）祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如:You go and tell him, Chris.（克立斯去告诉他。）（二）、相关口令祈使句无主语，主语you常省去；动词原形谓语当，句首加dont否定变； 朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。考点二 （三）、表现形式一、肯定结构：Do型（即:动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分）。a.句型：动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分.（省略主语）Stand up.起立。Be quiet, please.请安静。b.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词

3、之前加doDo sit down.务必请坐。Do study hard.一定要努力学习。比较祈使句和陈述句陈述句：You sit down.你坐下来。祈使句：Sit down.坐下（省略主语you）c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号:。Go this way, please.请这边走。d.祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号 ； ”隔开，放在句首或句尾。Li Ming , come here.李明，过来。Come here, Li Ming.过来，李明。如:Please have a seat here.请

4、这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please.请这边走。Be型(即:Be +表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子！Let型(即:Let +宾语 +动词原形 +其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。、Let后头除了是不带to的不定式动词(The infinitive withoutto)之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如 out, in, down, alone等(即:L et +宾语+介词)：Let the puppy out.Open th

5、e windows and let the fresh air in.The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.Let me alone, please.4.No型，有些可用 no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing!禁止钓鱼！考点三 二、否定结构：Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 dont构成。(即Dont +动 词原形)如:Dont forget me!不要忘记我！Dont be late for school!上学不要迟到！Let型的否定式有两种：Dont + let +宾语+动词原形 +其它

6、 成分”和Let +宾语+ not +动词原形 +其它成分如果宾语是第三 人称用Dont let.(见例(9);如果宾语是第一人称，则用Let.not(见例(10):Dont let this type of things happen again.Its raining now. Lets not go out until after the rain.针对性练习一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。.(not, be )late.(dust) the dressing table.(not, speak) with your mouth full of food.( not, talk) a

7、nd(read) a book.(not,drop) the nice vase, Sam.(look) out! A car is coming.(give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.(not, let) the baby cry.Open the window and(shut) the door.Let s(sweep) the floor.二、选择填空()1 .The doctor sa/s:“work so hard ”A StopB Don tC Can tD No()2.in bed. It

8、s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don t read C Don t to read D Not read( )3.Please look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don tC aren t D can t()4. The TV is too loud. Please.A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it()5. Kate,your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B.

9、brings C. to bring D. bringing()6.me the truth, or Ill be angry.A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell()7.careful!A.Be B. Being C. To be D. To()8. Dont in the river.A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims三、句型转换W川 you please read it again more slowly?（改为祈使句） again more slowly, please.Please sit next to Nancy.（改为否定句） next to Na