大型软件测试系统Nucleus PLUS 培训资料ppt课件

1、Nucleus PLUS 培训内容引见ATI公司产品实时操作系统根本概念Nucleus PLUS及APIImplementationATI 产品Nucleus EDEKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEATI实时内核ATI网络部件ATI支持部件调试工具原型设计工具ATI产品 Nucleus EDENetworkingSupporting ProductsPrototyping -

2、 Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEKernelsC+PLUSNucleus PLUSNucleus C+实时内核 ATI产品 网络部件 ATI产品 Nucleus EDESupporting ProductsPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsCLIBGRAFIXFILEKernelsC+PLUSNetworkingJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServJViNucleus

3、EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsKernelsC+PLUSNetworkingJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServGRAFIXFILECLIBSupporting ProductsCLIBGRAFIXFILE支持部件 ATI产品 Nucleus EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEDBUG+UD

4、BDebugger Integration调试工具 ATI产品 Nucleus EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILE原型设计工具 ATI产品 PTHREADSVNETNucleus EDEMNTPC+实时操作系统根本概念A single task/* Main control of program */main() . do_something(); ./* A funct

5、ion to do something */void do_something() .一切运用在一个义务中实现单一执行指针单一存储空间单义务系统 义务与义务调度 多个义务竞争运用CPU多个执行指针多个存储空间Task 3/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void do_something()/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void

6、do_something()/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void do_something()Task 2Task 1多义务系统 义务与义务调度 实时操作系统担任义务调度：基于优先级抢先调度时间片轮询调度FIFO调度Task 1Task 2Task 3Task 4义务调度 义务与义务调度 .highest priority (0)lowest priority(255).Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-10Task-20Ta

7、sk-30Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255义务调度义务与义务调度 Ready - 预备执行Running - 正在执行Suspended - 等待某条件发生Finished - 义务执行完成义务形状义务与义务调度 ReadySuspendedRunningFinished优先级当前义务形状堆栈指针.义务控制块TCBPriorityStateStack *义务属性义务与义务调度 CPU形状 - CPU的当前形状包含在CPU存放器中：通用存放器程序指针形状存放器.文本切换义务与义务形状 CPURegister 1Register 2Register 3stackRegiste

8、r 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6文本切换义务与义务调度 义务间通讯义务间通讯在两个或多个义务间传送数信箱Mailboxes队列Queues管道Pipes信息长度固定开销小一次传送一个信息Task YTask X1 Messag

9、e信箱义务间通讯 包容多个信息信息长度可固定或变长用于在义务间传送大容量信息Task YTask X队列与管道义务间通讯 义务间同步义务间同步协调同步义务间控制信号量Semaphores事件Events信号SignalsTask 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2Task 3必需等待资源释放。.信号量用于对冲突性资源进展存取控制信号量义务间同步 40 hours$10/hour20%*T3*T2111print11000事件义务间同步 00000000000000000000000000000000111属于某一特定义务异步方式任务信号义务间同步 Task 2Task

10、PTask 1EPEPsignal_handler 多个义务同时对同一存储区访问将导致数据被破坏。苛刻性资源/可重入性 Task-1Task-2Variable X,Ymemoryenabledisable队列管理苛刻性资源/可重入性分区内存管理内存分配是预定的，且分区长度固定。动态内存管理内存分配大小可变内存管理T1T3T2分区内存管理内存管理heap100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes200bytes100bytes50byteshea

11、p动态内存管理内存管理T1T2T3200bytes50bytes100bytes200bytes50bytes100bytes中断可使得CPU对外部事件异步呼应；中断处置必需在短时间内快速呼应；.采用维护机制以维护数据不被破坏：制止中断其他措施(LISR/HISR)Device 1IXAn external device completes a task, which causes interrupt X to be errupt_service_routine() handle_the_interrupt()The Interrupt Service Routine is

12、 then initiated.ISRX中断处置DeviceDeviceDriverInterfaceIO_Input()IO_OutputI/O Task提供通用编程接口I/O 驱动定时器系统时钟定时器与系统时钟expiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires.Nucleus PLUS OverviewNucleus PLUS ServicesTask ControlTask CommunicationTask SynchronizationTimerMemoryI

13、nterruptI/O DriverDevelopmentCreate/Delete TaskSuspend/Resume TaskTerminate taskChange task time sliceChange preemptionRelinquishReset TaskChange task priorityTask sleepCheck StackRetrieve list of current tasksInformation.Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255Task-10Task-20Task-30Ta

14、sk ControlReady - waiting to execute (a running task is also ready)Sleep - waiting for time to expirePure Suspend - unconditionally suspendedComponent Suspend - waiting for a componentTerminated - task has been terminated either by itself or another taskFinished - task executed to completion (has re

15、turned from main task function)Task StatesTask Control Create/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToReset InformationNumber of mailboxesRetrieve list of active mailboxesMailboxesTask Communication1 MessageTask YTask XOptimized for small messages.Each message consists of four 32-bit pieces.QueuesTask Communi

16、cationCreate/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToResetSend To FrontInformationNumber of queuesRetrieve list of active queuesTask YTask XM1M2Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 32-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.PipesTask CommunicationCre

17、ate/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToSend to FrontResetInformationNumber of pipesRetrieve list of active pipesM1M2M3M4Task YTask XFixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 8-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task Communication100bytes100bytes

18、100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesT1T2100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytescommunication “queueTask Communication (Optimization)100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesT1T3100bytes100bytescommunication “queueCreate/DeleteObtain/ReleaseResetInformationNumber of semaphoresRetrieve list of semaphoresS

19、emaphoresTask SynchronizationTask 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2Event GroupsTask SynchronizationCreate/DeleteSet/RetrieveInformationNumber of event groupsRetrieve list of event groups*T3*T2111print11000Many tasks can be utilizing an event group.Multiple meanings per event group.SignalsTask Synchroniz

20、ationRegister/ModifySend/ReceiveTask 2Task PTask 1EPEPsignal_handler Sent to a specific task.One meaning per signal.Enable/Disable timerCreate/Delete timerReset timerRetrieve list of timersTimer informationTimersexpiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires

21、.System ClockSet/Retrieve system clockCreate/DeleteAllocate/DeallocateRetrieve list of memory partitionsPartitionedMemory ManagementT3100bytes100bytesT1T2100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesInitializeCreate/DeleteAllocate/DeallocateRetrieve list of memory poolsDynamicMemory Management200b100b50b

22、heapDevice 1IXAn external device completes a task, which causes interrupt X to be errupt_service_routine() handle_the_interrupt()The Interrupt Service Routine is then initiated.ISRX(1) Interrupt is issued(2) Interrupts are disabled(3) Interrupt Service Routine executed(4) Interrupts are re

23、-enabledInterruptsMinimal ISRLow Level Interrupt Service Routines (LISR)saves and restores contextrestricts interaction with tasking environmentHigh Level Interrupt Service Routines (HISR)“super threads with prioritycan make kernel calls but cannot suspendLISR & HISRInterruptsHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISR

24、XHISRYHISRZDeviceHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISRXHISRYHISRZDeviceLISR does limited amount of processing.HISR is scheduled.Interrupts are disabled for a shorter amount of time.LISR & HISRInterruptsTCBTCBTCBTasksHISRHCBHCBHISR SchedulingInterruptsHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISRXHISRYHISRZDeviceInterruptsCreate/Delete

25、 HISRActivate HISRRetrieve list of HISRsHISR InformationGet current HISR pointer Register LISRSetup a vectorControl InterruptsCreate/DeleteRequestSuspend/ResumeObtain list of driversDeviceDeviceDriverInterfaceIO_Input()IO_OutputI/O TaskI/O DriversEnable/Disable History SavingMake History EntryRetrie

26、ve History EntryObtain license informationObtain release informationDevelopment ServicesNucleus PLUS APITarget dependent Assembly filesTarget dependent Header file (nucleus.h)Target independent C files Demonstration filesBuild filesLinker command filesFilesSource File StructureInitializationThread C

27、ontrolTimer ControlLow Level Assembly CodeSource File StructurePointers to control blocksLinked listsProtection structuresSuspension structuresTimeoutsReturn statusInformational servicesCreating componentsDeleting componentsGeneric Component StructureSource File StructureCreation and Deletion of Obj

28、ectsControl Block - you define location anywhere in memoryMemory Requirements - data needed for components (e.g., task stack, queue space, etc.)TimeoutsAny kernel request that can result in suspension provides a timeout parametertimeouts - immediate return, forever, clock ticksCommon ComponentsInfor

29、mational Serviceshow manypointers toinformationCommon Components0 x1000 x2000 x3000 x1000 x2000 x300Poolpool_namestart_addresspool_sizepartition_sizeavailableallocatedsuspend_typetasks_suspendedfirst _taskstatusCommon ComponentsApplication_Initialize( )Create dynamic memory poolNU_Create_Memory_Pool

30、( )Create TasksNU_Allocate_Memory( )NU_Create_Task( )Create other system objects (optional)NU_Create_Queue( )NU_Create_Semaphore( )NOTE - Interrupts disabled during Application_Initialize( ) CodeSystem Startup.data (initialized data).code.bss (uninitialized data)first_available_memory_addressapplica

31、tion memoryApplication MemorySystem StartupTask ControlNU_Create_Task()NU_Resume_Task()NU_Terminate_Task()NU_Change_Time_Slice()NU_Change_Preemption()NU_Relinquish()NU_Current_Task_Pointer()NU_Task_Pointers()NU_Task_Information()NU_Delete_Task()NU_Suspend_Task()NU_Reset_Task()NU_Change_Priority()NU_

32、Sleep()NU_Check_Stack()NU_Established_Tasks().Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255Task-10Task-20Task-30NU_Broadcast_To_Mailbox()NU_Delete_Mailbox()NU_Mailbox_Information()NU_Receive_From_Mailbox()NU_Send_To_Mailbox()NU_Create_Mailbox()NU_Established_Mailboxes()NU_Mailbox_Pointers(

33、)NU_Reset_Mailbox()Optimized for small messages.Each message consists of four 32-bit pieces.Task YTask X1 MessageMailboxesTask CommunicationNU_Create_Queue()NU_Delete_Queue()NU_Receive_From_Queue()NU_Send_To_Front_Of_Queue()NU_Broadcast_To_Queue()NU_Reset_Queue()NU_Send_To_Queue()NU_Established_Queu

34、es()NU_Queue_Information()NU_Queue_Pointers()Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 32-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task YTask XM1M2QueuesTask CommunicationNU_Broadcast_To_Pipe()NU_Delete_Pipe()NU_Receive_From_Pipe()NU_Send_To_Fron

35、t_Of_Pipe()NU_Create_Pipe()NU_Reset_Pipe()NU_Send_To_Pipe()NU_Established_Pipes()NU_Pipe_Information()NU_Pipe_Pointers()Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 8-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task YTask XM1M2M3M4PipesTask Communicati

36、onNU_Create_Semaphore()NU_Release_Semaphore()NU_Delete_SemaphoreNU_Obtain_Semaphore()NU_Reset_Semaphore()NU_Established_Semaphores()NU_Semaphore_Information()NU_Semaphore_Pointers()Task 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2SemaphoresTask SynchronizationNU_Create_Event_Group()NU_Delete_Event_Group()NU_Retrie

37、ve_Events()NU_Set_Events()NU_Established_Event_Groups()NU_Event_Group_Information()NU_Event_Group_Pointers()Many tasks can be utilizing an event group.Multiple meanings per event group.*T3*T211111000printEvent GroupsTask SynchronizationNU_Register_Signal_Handler()NU_Control_Signals()NU_Receive_Signa

38、ls()NU_Send_Signal()Sent to a specific task.One meaning per signal.Task PTask 2Task 1EPEPSignalsTask SynchronizationProtection - “monitor surrounding Nucleus PLUS service callsprevents disabling of interruptsprevents priority inversion ProtectionCritical Sections / ReentrancyUnprotectProtectTimersNU

39、_Control_Timer()NU_Delete_Timer()NU_Reset_Timer()NU_Create_Timer()NU_Established_Timers()NU_Timer_Information()NU_Timer_Pointers()expiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires.System ClockNU_Set_Clock()NU_Retrieve_Clock()NU_Allocate_Partition()NU_Deallocate_Partitio