专业英语只有课文汇总的chapter1lesson

1、 春晓孟浩然春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声，花落知多少？A Spring MorningI awake light-hearted this morning of spring,Everywhere round me the singing of birds. But now I remember the night, the storm,And I wonder how many blossoms were broken?Hemostasis n. 止血（法）Urinalysis n.尿分析（法）Serology n.血清学Immunology n.免疫学Virology n. 病毒学P

2、arasitology n.寄生虫学Mycology n. 真菌学，霉菌学Erythrocyte n. 红细胞Platelet n. 血小板Plasma n. 浆，血浆Morphology n. 形态学Hemophilia n. 血友病Electrolyte n. 电解质Medium n. 介质，培养基Fungal n. 真菌的，霉菌的Rubella n.风疹Sodium n. 钠Potassium n. 钾Potassemia n. 高钾血(症)Antimicrobial n.抗微生物的/抗菌的（药） Stool n. 粪便Hepatitis n. 肝炎Pathogen n. 病原体，致病菌

3、Mycobacteriology n. 分支杆菌学Hemoglobin n. 血红蛋白Hematology n. 血液学Swab n. 药签Anticoagulant n. 抗凝（血）药，抗凝的Therapy n. 治疗，疗法Maintenance n. 维护，保持Manual n. /a.手工的，手册Protocol n. 治疗或实验方案Phlebotomist n. 抽血人员Cytotechnologist n. 细胞学技术专家Histology n. 组织学Malignancy n. 恶性（肿瘤）Inflammatory n. 炎性的Biopsy n. 活组织检查Lesson 3 Cli

4、nical disciplines in the hospital laboratoryThe areas of the laboratory in which the CLS or CLT works are generally divided into hematology, hemostasis (coagulation), Chemistry, urinalysis, serology (immunology), Immunohematology (blood bank) and microbiology, Hematology n.血液学 Hemostasis n.止血（法）(pl.

5、 -ses -si:z)coagulation n凝固(作用), 血凝固 v. coagulate coagulant: 凝血剂 Anticoagulant n. 抗凝（血）药，抗凝的 Urinalysis n.尿分析 Serology n. 血清学 Immunology n.免疫学 Which may include virology, parasitology, mycology and/or mycobacteriology, although these areas are explained in detail in chapter ,the general testing perf

6、ormed in each is described here.Virology n. 病毒学 Parasitology n.寄生虫学 Mycology n.真菌学，霉菌学In the hematology section, blood from the patient is tested for the amount of hemoglobin and the number of leucocyte, erythrocyte and platelet.Hemoglobin n. 血红蛋白 Erythrocyte n. 红细胞 Platelet n.血小板 Plasma n.浆,血浆 The

7、morphology of each cell type is described. This information will help diagnose anemia, leukemia or other diseases involving the blood cells.Morphology n. 形态学 In hemostasis, the plasma is tested to detect problems with clotting and bleeding. In patients with diseases such as hemophilia, there is a de

8、fect in one of the plasma constituents that allows blood to clot. Tests done in the hemostasis laboratory can help detect this defect.Hemophilia n.血友病 constituents：组分，成分Clotting: 凝血 bleeding：出血The chemistry section is responsible for performing tests that determine levels of blood constituents such

9、as glucose or protein, detect elevations in enzyme characteristic of heartattacks or liver disease or measure ions such as sodium and potassium that control the electrolyte balance in the body.Electrolyte n.电解质 Sodium n.钠 Potassium n. 钾 Glucose ：葡萄糖Protein：蛋白质Enzyme：酶Often urinalysis is also perform

10、ed in chemistry section. Results of urinalysis may suggest the presence of a urinary tract infection, kidney disease, or diabetes mellitus.urinary tract infection：尿道感染diabetes mellitus：糖尿病In microbiology, bacteria that may be present in body fluids such as urine and blood or in specimens from infect

11、ed wounds are grown on special media and identified through the use of biochemicals.Media: 培养基，介质 wound：伤口Urine：尿样In addition to identification of these organisms, the microbiology laboratory also identifies which antimicrobial agents might be useful in fighting the infection.Organism：微生物antimicrobi

12、al agents：抗菌剂，抗菌素Cultures for fungal and yeast infections as well as for the organisms responsible for tuberculosis are also performed in some laboratories. Examination of stool specimens for the presence of parasites is a routine test in many laboratories. Culture：培养 routine：常规 Stool：粪便In serology,

13、 the serum is tested for the presence of antibodies to specific viral, fungal or bacterial agents. Results from tests such as the rubella or hepatitis tests determine whether a patient currently has a specific disease or is immune to it.In the blood bank, a patients blood type is determined and the

14、blood is tested against potential donor blood to make sure that there will be no problems with a transfusion.Transfusion：输血Blood type：blood group，血型In addition, specific blood components such as platelet are prepared for transfusion to patients who are undergoing chemotherapy and require these cells

15、 to prevent uncontrolled bleeding.Chemotherapy：化疗 ki:merpi Prior to the development of automated laboratory instrumentation, practitioners performed laboratory tests manually, one test at a time. Today, laboratory instruments in chemistry and hematology are designed to perform up to 60 tests in just

16、 a few minutes.Automated：自动化In microbiology, the identification of many organisms is performed by automated equipment. Most laboratories are now equipped with complex instruments that are interfaced with laboratory information systems (LIS) for date collection and patient reporting.date collection：数

17、据（收集）采集patient reporting：病人报告Nevertheless, a practitioner is still needed to monitor the instrument and to review and validate the results.Monitor：监控Validate: 校正A risk factor in the profession is that laboratory personnel are also exposed to many hazards-acids, noxious odors and blood-borne pathogens such as hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Acid：酸 sdNoxious odors:有毒气体 nksPathogen：病原体，致病菌 pdnIn recent years, risks of occupational hazards have decreased because of the regulations imposed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and o