定语从句--lynn

1、定语从句复习1. This is the hotel in the city _ I know. A. It B. where C. that D. who2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what4. Whats the name of the man_? A. you borrowed his car

2、B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed一、定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 1.The students (who dont study hard) will not pass the exam.主句:The students will no

3、t pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is ourEnglish teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom先行词定语从句先行词定语从句3. A shoe shop is a shop which sells shoes.主句：A shoe shop is a shop.4. The book that you want is on the desk.主句:The book is on the desk.5.The man who tol

4、d us a funny story is in the next room.主句: The man is in the next room.二、关系词的选择关系代词which，that , who ,whom, whose, as关系副词when, where, why步骤：1. 划出定语从句 2. 找出先行词看先行词指人、物、时间、地点、原因看定语从句中缺什么成分在从句中作主、宾、定在从句中作状语关系代词主语宾语定语指人指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhoseA.关系代词(that, which, whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。)=of which/of whom1) A p

5、lane is a machine _can fly. 2) The noodles _I saw were delicious.3) Lets ask the man _is reading the book over there.4) The girl _we saw yesterday is Jims sister. 5) The foreigner _visited our school yesterday is from Canada.6). Thats the man _ house was burned down.whosethat /which主语that /whichthat

6、/whothat/who/whomwho/that宾语主语宾语主语定语1、Do you have anything _you want to say for yourself?2、This is the very book _Im looking for.3、This is the best _has been used against pollution.4、What is the first American film _you have seen?5、I know the things and persons_he referred to.6、Which is the bike_you

7、lost?7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things_could cause pollution1.在先行词是指物的时候，宜用that而不用which的情况1.当先行词是不定代词all much.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one等2.当先行词前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等词修饰 3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰 4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰5.当先行词既有

8、人又有物6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用Which/who/whom，另外一个宜用that(为避免重复使用某个词)难点一：关系代词who/whom/that 和which不能互换的场合 1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.w

9、hich B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whate

10、ver D. that 1. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom8.关系词在定语从句中当表语，用thatB2. He was not the man _ he was before. A. who B. whom C. that D. whichC()()2.宜用which/who/whom而不用that的情况：1).当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which，构成“介词+which（或whom）”e.g.: The house in which they lived last yea

11、rhas been rebuilt.2).引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which/who/whome.g.：He bought a railway ticket for the woman,which helped her a lot.3).先行词本身是thate.g.：The clock is that which tells the time.4).先行词是he, people, those(指人) 等指示代词时，要用whom/whoe.g.: Those who are for me, put up your hands.1.The man with that / who you tal

12、ked just now is my neighbour.2.The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.3.The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of _have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of _are from big cities. Up to

13、 now, he has written ten stories, three of _ are about country life. whichwhichwhom固定结构：some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few，数词+ of +which/whom填入适当的介词1.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.()onI think you can depend ( ) the man.方法：根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系或习惯搭配（把定语从句补充完整）.难点二：介词的

14、选择2.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.()withI am not very familiar ( ) some reference books.3.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he could see what was going on outside the house.先行词是：a hole()through he could see what was going on outside the house ( ) a hole.1. T

15、here is a great deal of oxygen around us, _we could not live. A without it B which C without which D that2. I cant believe that restaurant, _I have eaten such wonderful meals ,is going to close down.A at where B at which C which D in which3. The beautiful dress _ Miss Jones went to the ball was borr

16、owed from a friend of hers.A in which B wearing which C that D wearing that用适当的关系词填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. She is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhic

17、h/that whothat6. Tom is the first boy _left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.8. You can read any book _I have.9. The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.10. The manager in _company I work pays much attention toimproving our working conditions.thatthatthatwhomwhose11.Shanghai

18、 is the city _ I was born. 12. Do you remember the years _ he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.in whichI was born ( ) the city.in whichHe lived in the countryside with his grandfather ( ) the years.wherewhenB.关系副词（=介词+which）先行词状语地点时间原因wherewhenwhy/ for which1.Lily would never forget th

19、e evening _ she lost the ring.A which B when C at which D where2.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A. which B. why C of which D/()()3.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what4.Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn

20、simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where ()(分析定语从句成分当主语、宾语 用which that当状语 用 where=介词+whichThis is the museum _ I visited a few days ago.where B. that C. on which D. the oneThis is the museum _ the exhibition was held.where B. that C. on whichD. the oneIs the exhibition _ the foreig

21、n friends visited yesterday? A. that B. the one C. which D. where先行词指地点()()缺先行词 1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? 2.Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one BDCA 分析定语从句成分当主语、宾语

22、用which that当状语 用 when=介词+whichI still remember the days _ we spent together.when B. what C. that D. in whichI still remember the days _ we worked together.A. when B. what C. that D. for which先行词指时间()() I will never forget the three years _ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which

23、 C. which D. in which () 分析定语从句成分当主语、宾语 用which that当状语 用 why= for whichIs this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？A. that B. what C. how D. whyIs this the reason _ he was late for school？A. that B. which C. how D. why先行词指原因()()He was late for school （） the reas

24、on判断改错1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 3. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. 4. Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.FFTTSee you！以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或t

25、hat引导，而且通常可以省略。 e.g.：The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 1. 先行词是the way 的定语从句：I dont like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.前提条件：the way 在从句中做方式状语2.关系代词as的用法：1. as 可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 He married her, as / which was natural. He is honest, as / which we c

26、an see. 2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以作为插入语置于主句之间。 as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。As is known to all, China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer. 3. as 常用于固定结构“so/suchas; the sameas”- 像一样；和一样Ive never heard such stories as he tell

27、s. He is not such a fool as he looks. This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。 She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.比较：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句A.限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可

28、缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。B.非限制性定语从句形式上用逗号“，” 与主句隔开.意义上是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。在非限制定语从句中，需注意以下几点： that 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句 why 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句，应用for whiche.g. I have told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 在非限制性的定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用whom，不能用who替换，也不能省略His wife, _ you met at my home,

29、 was a teacher. A. whom B. who C. that D. whose在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面 的名词或代词，而是前面的整一句话。这种关系代词只有 两个: which, as1.Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.it B. that C. which D. he2._ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What区别： a. which 只能放在句末， 而as 从句则还可以放在句首或句中。b. 从意义上讲，w