GMATOG语法重点讲义236条

1、 GMAT OG语法重点讲义236条GMAT OG语法第三遍终于做完了，随手整理了一些OG中的重点(结合OG题后解释和XDF课堂的讲解)，希望对大家有用，有错误的地方也请大家批评，哈哈。下面的编号是与OG的题号一致的。1.现在分词强调重复性;定语从句强调一次性2.A of B结构中，A是中心词，谓语动词与A一致the size of Colorados错of用于没生命的对象(如国家United States of America)s用于有生命的对象(树没有生命)3. to do A, to do B, and to do C对to do A, do B, and do C对情态动词可否省，亦看

2、第二个肯定句用and，否定句用or仅有no/not代表否定句5. 句中出现any，要判断是否为语气词(强烈语气)，若是，则要保留。6. 主语作 宾语 优先使用名词(在名词与Ving之间)所有格结构的宾语介词结构的宾语try to do/try doing对try that/try and do 错7. n+that+be+adj错人+that+be+adj错9. believe thatbelieve sb/sth to bethat引导宾从不可省，引导定从可省the infinitive “to be” is more appropriate that the limited present

3、-tense “is” in referring to an event that occurred long ago but have been discovered only recently.10. however表强烈语气，不能忽略there be 表自然存在状态语气词不能省11. 分词结构(doing/done，介词+分词，连词+分词)的省略结构的逻辑主语是后面主句的主语base/compare只用于被动语态12. 同一句话中，相同的代词(可能不同格)必须指代相同的对象代词先于主句出现，一般指主句主语，但在下句中则指代不清：New small business are not sub

4、ject to the applicability of formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity in the same way as established big business, because they are growing and are seldom in equilibrium.13. soar, rise, raise, increase, grow 出现两个则语义重复动词优于抽象名词when rates means “prices charged”, it should be followed bu f

5、or.14.estimated to be15. 原文中的情态动词要尽量保留(may)without doing/sthdistinguish A from Bdistinguish between A and Bwhich引导的非限制性定语从句不是不能用，但要确保无歧义16.like/unlike A, B do要求A、B性质完全一样17. 不光要判断选项本身的对错，还要把选项放到原文中判断其对错过去完成时(had been)changes the original meaning (were)by suggesting that the Native Americans had previ

6、ously ceased to be part of the widespread culture.18. 主谓单复数一致，被修饰成分和修饰成分单复数一致强调整体用all，强调个体用each(不能用every one)all, each表强调语气，不能忽略19.比较结构中的尽量补出原则不一定是补助动词，只要无歧义就行20. so+adjsuch+抽象名词强调句正确选项往往是A，倒装句(强调句的一种)不能变为正常语序21. food allergies 食物过敏总称an allergy to sth 对某物过敏先行词与主句主语要逻辑对称attributes A(an effect)to B(a

7、cause)A is attributed to B22. notbut结构要求时态、句式对称not butratherthaninstead of24. 介词+名词介词+动名词whether or not 错25.规定仅规定分词与分词相对称，没有说现在分词不能与过去分词对称，判断的依据是动作的主语是动作发出者还是承受者26. of all表最高级maybe错，因为太口语化27. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively.把原文的修饰成分变

8、成主干，一般为错being+n/adj一般为错28. continue不能用于进行时态、复合时态(例have been and will)be to do/be going to do错，因为表主观色彩的将来to表趋向，coming也表示趋向，所以into the coming month语义重复29. 句中的some若表“大约”，则不能省there be done错32.在同一句话中，过去和现在的时态不能一起用，除了一般现在时的三种特例(客观事实、政府行为法令法规、科研成果或统计资料)一般过去时改成过去完成时主要看是否出现表过去的过去的时间标志时间状语的摆放要遵从愿意36. be nativ

9、e to somewhere不同时态并不是一定不能在同一个句子中出现，关键是要符合句子的愿意、清楚地表达作者的意思。37.only, last, first的修饰对象不能变38.若考前文对划线部分的影响，则正确答案的标志是新名词或doing，错误答案的标志为to do或which。39. C选项中，分词充当状语表结果动词不定式一定要有明确的动作发出者42. 过去分词主要用来强调状态和结果(优先选)现在分词主要用来强调动作和过程concerning错误的标志worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an

10、 action.47. enough出现在选项中必错用sothat, soas to表enough的意思48.on account of/because of49. the pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.known to doknown as doing在GMAT中，which不能指代整个前文，因为产生歧义。51.not unlike表强调语气52. 作主语优先用名词because应引导一个句子

11、，而不是其他54.the sameas(as前后要对称)55.用现在完成时的几种情况：since; 大段的时间概念(last, past*年);the world has ever seen/than ever before possible57.the extent to which/to the extent that60.like+n或名词短语as+句子(包含助动词，助动词位置可前可后)61. require sb to do; require that; require of sb that(后两个用虚拟语气)特指、泛指the A特指 the A泛指A 泛指 his A特指63.be

12、in danger of doing65.depict/represent/begin/regard/see/perceive/think of/be prized/be acclaimed+asconsider sth sth66.所有格结构宾语优先用名词67.A so as to B要求A、B逻辑主语一致、用于简单的句子结构so A that B可以不一致70. it is likely/liable thatlikely/liable toan a severe disadvantage 处在一个非常不利的境地severely disadvantaged没有社会地位71. Mike co

13、mes and sits here.时间上有先后顺序Coming in, Mike sits here.错Sitting here, Mike comes in.错V1，V2要判断是否有先后顺序，还是一个是另一个的伴随状态and前后动词要对称72.double作动词时是主动语态74.A as an instance of B76. n+of表限定;n+that表解释need/importance/necessity e(to)/become/remain表动态过程，在原文中出现不能去掉或变成be动词83.it和one不能混合使用84.be to do错85.something/anything

14、/nothing/things/sb/anybody/someone/no one要求形容词后置86.have sth done87. can/be able toability of sb to dobe capable of doing90.allow sb to do允许allow that承认91.D选项中的just是弱语气词，不能添加或删除92.asas肯定语气not so as否定语气93.原文中的情态动词(如can)要保留94.not onlybut also 对称结构95. seem和like语义重复原文中的like不能变成seem原文中的as不能变成as if96.过去分词表

15、状态和结果99.动作性名词对称于动作性名词100. prohibit sb from doing不能加thatforbid to do不能加thating表重复性，that非限制性重句表一次性101.lower往往是错误答案，除了指人(fewer)外，都用less102. except连接前后性质相同的对象;except for连接前后性质不同的对象with: I withit错II跳跃修饰the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian-vegetables, fresh cheese, oatm

16、eal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.103.suchas to错105.asas; so that 含义不同106.出现特指，其指代对象在前文中一定要出现过，否则不能用特指。107. A with B/along with /together with/as well as/integral to后面的动词与A一致A and B后面的动词用复数not onlybut also/eitheror/neithernor/or与B一致108.过去时变成过去完成时一般为错111.be regarded as/be credited with doing

17、/be believed to do/be given credit for doing112. to do sthfor doing sth主动、被动都可以用的时候，主动优于被动more+adj+n错n+more+adj对116.this, that, these, those单独出现在句中必错，应用such+n117.the ability of sb to do119.fair公平的，公正的 fairly相当地significant重要的 significantly相当地121.A order B to do C124.after when错132.equivalent to /the

18、equivalent of/equal to have too broad a range of meanings to be used precisely here: that is, they can suggest more than merely numerical equality. Also, as quantitative expressions, equivalent and equal often modify nouns referring to uncountable things.135.the inclusion of it requires a comma after classics to set off the new independent clause.145.mandate that A be balanced150.mistake A for B172.not A, but rather B175.due to ：to是介词，后面不能跟句子;比起 because/be