英语高中语法It用法详解课件

1、It 用法归纳用法归纳一，一， 指代指代it二，二， 形式形式it三，三， 强调强调it四，四， 含有含有it的句型的句型 一，指代一，指代it1.用来指代上文提到的事物。用来指代上文提到的事物。1.-Pass me your nose. - Here it is .2.Whatever you do and say, ask yourself whether it is welcomed by others.3.The Olympic Game will be held in Beijing in 2008. It makes the Chinese proud. 2. 表示时间，天气，表示

2、时间，天气， 距离，温度等。距离，温度等。Its 10:081.It was cold yesterday.2.It may be 25 kms from here to the town.3.It was very quiet in the caf.3. 、作为人称代词，、作为人称代词，it可以用来指东西、动可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。 1.Wheres my left eye? Have you seen it? 2.The cat is in the garden, isnt it? 3.The baby cried because it is

3、hungry. 4. (有人在敲门）有人在敲门）Who is it? Its lovely It weighs only 3 kilos.Its a large sum of money.4.表示谁在做某事的句子表示谁在做某事的句子：1.- Who is it? -Its me.2.Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 5.用来泛泛的指某件事：用来泛泛的指某件事：1.It doesnt matter.2.It is a shame, isnt it? 3.So you are going to be married this time？When i

4、s it？特别注意：特别注意： it, one和和that作替代词的用法及区别作替代词的用法及区别 1. it代替前面提到的同一事物代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。数名词也可以是不可数名词。 The news that they failed their driving test upset him, _? A. did they B. didnt theyC. did it D. didnt it 2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词前面可以有冠词

5、,也可以被也可以被this、that或形容词修饰或形容词修饰,其后也其后也可以有定语。可以有定语。 -Why dont we have a little break? -Didnt we just have_? A. itB. thatC. oneD. this 3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词不可数名词,要有后置定语要有后置定语,但不可以有前置但不可以有前置修饰语。修饰语。 Few pleasures can equal to _ of a cool dirnk on

6、a hot day. A. someB. anyC. thatD. those 二，形式二，形式it- 形式主语，形式主语， 形式宾语形式宾语1. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.2. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.形式主语形式主语1.It is clear ( obvious， true， possi

7、ble， certain.) that . 1.It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. 形式主语形式主语2. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural.) that . that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动动词原形。词原形。 It is important that we (should) have enough rice. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 形

8、式主语形式主语3. Its surprising that (should)竟竟然然 例例 Its surpring that you should apologize to her without any reason. 形式主语形式主语4. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原动词原形），常译为形），常译为“竟然竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happe

9、n in your class. It is a pity that he is ill today. 5. It is our hope ( a duty/ an honour . ) that . 例例 The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”译。译。1.很荣幸能请你来为我的小狗洗脚。很荣幸能请你来为我的小狗洗脚。 It s an honour that I can invite you to come to wash the legs for my dog

10、.2.照顾老人是我们的职责。照顾老人是我们的职责。Its our duty that we take care of the old.6. It is said (reported， learned， thought, believed, known hoped, expected, agreed, accepted, decided, planed, understood, ） that . 常译为常译为“据说（据报道，据悉）据说（据报道，据悉）”。 It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 译。

11、大家都知道那只猫和那条狗明天要结婚。译。大家都知道那只猫和那条狗明天要结婚。7. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . that后的从句要用虚拟语气（后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动动词原形），词原形），should 可以省；常译为可以省；常译为“据建据建议；有命令）议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in tw

12、o hours. 8. It happens (seems， appears,come about, turn out , )等不及物等不及物动词动词+that. 碰巧碰巧./看来看来/似乎似乎. It happened （chanced）that he met his teacher in the street. 译，看来他是吃错了药。译，看来他是吃错了药。It seems that he took the wrong midicine.译，译， 结果是他吃到了五花肉（结果是他吃到了五花肉（panceta)。It turned out that he had panceta finally.

13、9. It is adj ( for sb. ) to do sth. important， necessary， natural ， impossible ， unusual ， rare ， normal ， easy ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， pleasant ， likely, right, wrong, , clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful, 等。等。10. It is adj ( of sb. ) to do sth. good （好心的），（好心的）， nice（有教养的），

14、（有教养的）， polite， kind ， brave ， careless， honest ，modest ， considerate, naughty ， wise ， clever ， thoughtful, careful, crazy， bad ， lazy ， rude ， cruel ， foolish ， silly ， stupid ，. 等。等。 这个句型可以改写为：这个句型可以改写为：sb. is adj to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 11.It替代作主语的动名词替

15、代作主语的动名词 Its no good/use doing Its (well)worth doing 例例 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 12. It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花费某人做要花费某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 13. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . “不论（是否）没关系。不论（是否）没关系。It doesnt matter if they are old. 形式宾语形式

16、宾语1.动词动词+ it + 形容词形容词/名词名词+（ for sb +）to do + that 从句从句think,believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, Keep hard uselessworthworthwhileno use/no good/worth ones while/a waste of time/money/energy/words2.动词动词+ it + 形容词形容词 + that从（从（should） important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential形式

17、宾语形式宾语The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Mr. Obama to visit Peking. A. that B. it C. this D. him例例 . 我认为你去参加这会议很重要。我认为你去参加这会议很重要。I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. 形式宾语形式宾语3. 动词动词+ it+ as+ noun/adj. + 从句从句accept,regard, take,see, view例例 The speaker takes it as enco

18、uraging when many students attend his lecture. 4. 动词动词 +it + to sb. + that owe it to sb. that把把归功于归功于 leave it to sb that把把留给某人去做留给某人去做 take it for granted that 把把想当然想当然 keep it in mind that 把把记在心里记在心里 例例 1.Dont bother to tidy your room. Just leave it to me to do . 译，译， 他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来。他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来

19、。He took it for granted that his girlfriend would come back again.5. 动词动词 +it + that enjoy, like, / love, dislike, appreciate hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to / depend on /insist on例例 I hate it you can dance so well but I cant. I like (enjoy, hate) it when.I would appreciate it if6. 动词

20、动词make +it+ a rule +that从句从句译，译， 他习惯于天亮前起床。他习惯于天亮前起床。He makes it a rule that he get up before dawn.形式宾语形式宾语1. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 从句应该用虚拟语气，从句应该用虚拟语气， 常用过去时态表常用过去时态表示虚拟示虚拟 有时也用有时也用should + 动词原形，动词原形，should 不能省，常译为是（正不能省，常译为是（正是）的时侯是）的时侯 It is time that children should go to b

21、ed. = It is time that children went to bed. 四，含有四，含有it的句型的句型2. It is the first ( second . ) time that . It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 含有含有it的句型的句型3. It is . since .。 since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。是瞬间动词。“做某事已经多久了做某事已经多久了”It is ( has

22、been ) 5 years since his father died. 4. It is since +延续性动词的过去式延续性动词的过去式 “不不做某事已经多久了做某事已经多久了”例。例。 Its 10 years since he had breakfast . 含有含有it的句型的句型5. It is . when .。 when 引导时间状语从句，主句中的引导时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 6. It be . bef

23、ore . when从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的句中的 it 指时间，表语多是指时间，表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为之后。词或短语，常译为之后。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 例：我们该采取行动了。例：我们该采取行动了。 Its(about/high) time that we should take ac

24、tion. 例例 ：这是他第三次没有通过驾照考试。：这是他第三次没有通过驾照考试。Its the third time that he has failed the driving test. 例例 ：不久后他们就会到。：不久后他们就会到。 It was not long before they arrived. 含有含有it的句型的句型It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+ that(who) 用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用被强调部分是人时也可以用who。强调句型强调句型It is the ability to do

25、the job not where you come from or what you are _ matters. A. one B. that C. what D. itIt is / was + 被强调的部分被强调的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分句子其他成分强调句型强调句型高考真题高考真题 It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D.

26、 until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which ; where C. that ; where D. which; that强调句型强调句型被强调的部被强调的部分是分是not un

27、til引导的时间引导的时间 状语状语?强调句型用于疑强调句型用于疑问句问句, , 被强调的被强调的部分是特殊疑问部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词词或从句引导词?In which play is it that?It is thatIs it that?I dont know in which play it is that强调句型和强调句型和各种从句各种从句高考热点高考热点?1.It was a new book he wanted to buy. 2.It was Tom I met in the street.3. It was during the holiday he got to kno

28、w that girl.4. It was in the park I saw Kate crying last night.5. It was he who late yesterday.6. It was the teacher together with the boy students who in the classroom.7. 将将1.2.句变为一般疑问句句变为一般疑问句8.将将3.4.5.句变为特殊疑问句句变为特殊疑问句waswasthat that who that 9. is it has made Peter success. A .What that B. That w

29、hat C. What what D. That that How is it that she turned down our help?Where was it that When was it that.Who was it thatWhich book is it that Whose nose is it that A 10.对对 notuntill 进行强调进行强调He didnt realize his fault until he graduated from high school.It was not until he graduated from high school

30、that he realize his fault .11.区分强调句型与从句区分强调句型与从句It was in the river he often swam .He came to the river he often swam.It was on Sunday the stranges came to our village.It was Sunday the stranges came to our villageIt is not until that 强调句型强调句型that Where 地点状语从句地点状语从句that 强调句型强调句型时间状语从句时间状语从句when12.在强调句型中考查主谓一致在强调句型中考查主谓一致It was not luck but difficulties that him success. A. makes B. make I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girl, wh