Genome生物体的遗传因子

1、2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen1Genetic ethics as ideologySophia Ming Lee WenSophia Ming Lee WenDept. of EducationDept. of EducationNational Taiwan Normal U.National Taiwan Normal U.Time: 10-12:00 12/26/2003Time: 10-12:00 12/26/20032022/2/23Sophia M.LWen2The OutlinenKey terms concepts(1-9)nThe argument (10)n

2、Issues discussion surrounding genetic ethics (11-)2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen3Key terms & Concepts：一nGenome:生物體的遺傳因子生物體的遺傳因子，包括包括DNA (AGCT), RNADNA (AGCT), RNAnGenetics:生物中遺傳基因之結構、生物中遺傳基因之結構、功能及轉移的科學研究功能及轉移的科學研究nGenomics:確立生物之完整的基因確立生物之完整的基因組成與特質之研究組成與特質之研究2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen4Key terms & Concepts：二nGe

3、ne Cloning means Gene identification, called genomic clone. 指帶有遺傳因子的指帶有遺傳因子的DNADNA而言。而言。2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen5 Cloning misconceptionsnClone is NOT an exact duplicate of another individual.nIndividuality can NOT be understood thoroughly.nHuman cloning NEVER becomes a reality.nCloned animals are NOT

4、100% identical to their parents.2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen62 meanings of cloning genenAn exact copy, or replica, of somethingnRegenerating a genetically identical copy of the organism2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen72 Cloning waysnReproductive cloning: create a babynTherapeutic cloning: transferring a nucleus2022

5、/2/23Sophia M.LWen8The definition of ideologyThe definition of ideologynA set of rules of belief, attitude and value which will lead to your decision, in particular value judgment.2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen10The argument: against naturenGenetic ethics as ideology: the battleground is in human heads.nthe

6、 social influence and control of what scientists do and say (domination); andnthe use of scientists do and say. (manipulation) 2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen114 Scopes of genetic ethicsnPrivacynSubjectivity (Autonomy)nDiscriminationn instrumental reason (one dimensional reason)2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen12 Priva

7、cy PrivacypHow should genetic information How should genetic information be used in the criminal system?be used in the criminal system?pHow could we keep our How could we keep our intellectual and personal intellectual and personal property safe?property safe?pGenetic testing has a new role in Genet

8、ic testing has a new role in family studies.family studies.pGenetic counseling2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen13Subjectivity (Autonomy)nFreedom/free will: natural selection and Informed consentnHuman dignity: dominationnIndividual unique (individuality) /Self identity: identity confusion2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen

9、14DiscriminationnPrivacy: the insurance, industry and criminals concernsnEqual opportunity: disease prevention, health care, insurance, employmentnReproduction (Artificiality): resulted in paralyzing development of human beings2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen153 dimensions of eugenicsnReplace genesnRepair gen

10、esnImprove genesnWhat are the benefits from eugenics? And for whom?2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen163 theories of ethicsnEthical intuitionism: There are objective moral properties.nUtilitarianismnEthical subjectivity or multiversity: Different things are right in different society.2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen172 c

11、riteria for good2 criteria for goodnInstrumental goodnessInstrumental goodness: what : what a harm is good for?a harm is good for?nIntrinsic goodnessIntrinsic goodness: good all : good all for itself or for itself or DaseinDasein significancesignificance2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen183 core values of ethic

12、snWhat sorts of things are good? And for whom?nWhat does good mean?nWhat things are valuable? and whose value?2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen196 Criteria for examination of ideologynPerfect in technologynProsperity in economy nAutonomy in personalitynRight in the legal and moral systemnEquality (fairness) in

13、 societynHarmony in culture2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen20Reflect on genetics Reflect on genetics - - principlesnPursuing excellence continuouslyPursuing excellence continuouslynBeing perfect life naturallyBeing perfect life naturallynDecreasing pains and increasing Decreasing pains and increasing pleasure

14、pleasurenObeying to the God or reasonObeying to the God or reason 2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen21Reflecting upon genetic ethics - practicenEffective strategies and better functionsnSignificant belief under the control of reasonnConflicts between different dimensions of rationalitynSplitting between dominat

15、ion and freedom, and justice and authenticity2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen22Pros vs. ConsPros vs. Cons for genetics for geneticsnSubjectivity vs. Reproduction Negative dominationnRight vs. Privacy vs. nMaking as God vs. 2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen233 opinions for human development?nGene determinism nEnvironment

16、alismnInteractionalism2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen244 types of rationality for behaviorsInstrumental behaviorsValue rationalityAffection sublimeTradition customs2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen252022/2/23Sophia M.LWen26nKnowledge: Truth vs. ScienceKnowledge: Truth vs. SciencenValue: good life Value: good life (univ

17、ersality vs. multiple (universality vs. multiple values)values)2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen27Short conclusionsnA dialectic discourse is A dialectic discourse is necessary and consensus should necessary and consensus should be reached through it.be reached through it.2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen283 Suggestions:

18、the future of human nature2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen29如果意義來自語言，語言來自何處？ 如果複製人可以發展其自由意志，如果複製人可以發展其自由意志， 則複製人是否會成為虛擬世界的則複製人是否會成為虛擬世界的另一種人類？另一種人類？2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen30差 異n若複製人與原人混雜在一若複製人與原人混雜在一個社會中，我們如何分辨個社會中，我們如何分辨彼此？彼此？n方法：使其另立一個世界。方法：使其另立一個世界。2022/2/23Sophia M.LWen31建立另一個世界的步驟n尋找區別的方式在於尋找一個模尋找區別的方式在於尋找一個模式：包括共時性式：包括共時性(Synchronic)(Synchronic)和和歷時歷時性性(diachronic)(diachr