Linux实验上机报告

1、Linux操作系统实验实验实验内容:1、完成Vimtutor教程第二遍。2、用vi完成一个简单的c语言程序，尽可能多的用 vi中的各种命令。用gcc编译，并执行 该程序。屈 jidrrghanggfjianghdngge-VB: #|include<stdio. h> void main)printf ( HHello Linux ! n,f);-o Linux丄 a?:ghangcfc!tt j Aanyrii；ngye-VH:vi Hllo . cjianghAnggej 1 anghingge-vaigcc Hello.c. langhangce 0 jianghangge-

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5、 18t4H8 22:11& 17:34108 0S:27da tai-sor teJ aatal- txt 亡xaiDR丄已s . desktc _Hello cLinLixzip, . odt£令枝划汁rr哉1苛 公命模视图文下音桌jianghanggejianghangge-VB:/Linux3、学会编写根本的 makefile文件，使用 makefile和make工具做一个复杂一点的c语言程序选做实验总结：通过课后在网上的学习，能够熟练的用vi编写简单的c语言程序，并且能用 gcc成功编译出来结果，vim是一款非常好用的文本编辑应用。实验三内容：1、运行Is-I命令，

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10、t a1 txt examples .desktopHello cLiriu耳笔记odttme斗令檢颊片档载乐面 tlitr罔2-二一枣2、运行umask，了解掩码的设置。3、 熟悉目录的操作命令cd、mkdir、 rmdir等，删除文件的命令rm1ianghanggeSiianghanqge-VB:umesk0002jianghanggejianghangge VB:$ cd Testqlanghanggylanghanqge-VB:/Test$ 1s -1 总用量4-rw-rw-r- 1 jianghangge j ianghangge 20 11 月 21 21:38 test j ia

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23、6 4096 409 4096月冃冃 月冃冃月.HM月月1 _n± 1 EJ 1 1 1- o 1 Tx 1 1 1119 11冃 冃0;月月月月月月"199999911 anghanggeis jianghangge-VB: rm t.1 j ianghangge® jlanghaiiggs - VBi rm t2 ianghanggt-®JluiLghHnggfe VB： la 1-t?- Hlffl 11 -rwxrwxr x 1 -上w-irf-rw- 1 -rw-rw-rw- 1 -rw-r一r 1 -rwxrwxr-x 1 -rw rw-r

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27、ortfiJ dita 1 t exniTiC les x d-aktopHsllo,cLin ii H.Linuxg： id. Ddt tlt2鹅令慣瓯片忖豐W tii-2-命模视寓文下音桌:47 :23 :04:45:51:33124:33:39t52 :47107:47:47:47:47 :11:27datal . 301. td daral* txtexflip Lt .desktopllello * cLin.odu就兵令恢烦/-杓敦乐面 tlj公谕核规圏文下音声4、用vi生成一个10行实验文件datal，内容自己定。将实验文件用输出到datal.sorted。用重定向完成 >

28、>sort命令排序，把结果辭 jianghariggejianghangge'VB: * lanana apple pearorange almondcore fig hawlemon longang jionghunnfjianglhflHggB-VB;I J±anghangge0 j lang hang ge-VB: j ianghngge0 j ianghang号e曹B: ,J ianghangge® j ianghangge- VB :vi data!匕ntsoit datal . t?;t > datal» sorted cst da

29、tal» sorteda lrnond apple bananaccxefig haw lemon lonqn orange pear j 丄anghatige j iiinghamggeVB:实验总结：Is -l命令是一个非常好用的命令，屡次使用它可以查看自己是否实验成功。Mkdir用于创立文件夹，而 touch适用于创立文件。同理，rmdir用来删除文件夹，rm用来删除文 件。输出重定向方式分为 >'和 >>'两种。shell遇到 >操作符，会判断右边文件是 否存在，如果存在就先删除，并且创立新文件。不存在直接创立。“ >>操作

30、符，判断右边文件，如果不存在，先创立。以添加方式翻开文件。实验四实验内容:1、 用root用户进入系统以后，建立一个普通帐号，并且设置密码。ctrl+d退出当前登录。2、用普通用户进入系统。3、 在自己的主目录下面建立一个文件夹test，进入这个文件夹。-rw-rx一-1rootrootL亦9-rw-r匸1junglejungle69F03junglejungle4Q9Gdrwxrw?:3junglejungle4096-rwrw=x-1pmql rjungle14241629-T輝_x和_匸.1jURTfl f?jungle1431H5F8drwxrwscr-K2Junqljungle409

31、6-111耳4月jungle0jianghngge-VB:cd test junglesjianghangge-VB:Is 克用U 136j ianghanggeBjianghangge-VB;sq jungle 帝码；j unglegj ianghangge-VB J/home/j ianghangg&f ianghane-v :Is总用捷279fA冃冃冃月冃111111111122202229.22?.22322 14 configbk2022 esEniplea d召3K*cqp21:22 manl21:3 'H i ."21;LS tarl 七厲匸-I -.2

32、1i 14 ' j r . )r.：-rwrw-r lrwzrwxrwx JI .F A -1 J .jungle jungle jungle jungle j ingl * junglejungle j ungle jungle jungle ungl4 jungle1 < ?r388181 612£322523225292 2 2 2 2 32 2 2 2 2 2 月冃月冃月鬥iq2019202022:4B tarl*help:2 tar2:49 tar2 . Inslp:37 tarJ +helpr 37 tar4:22-> tar3»help22

33、:22 test4、运行命令 man tar > tarl.help，运行命令复制 tarl.help 到同一目录下面的tar2.help。分别用cat ,tac, more, less ,head ,tail查看tar2.help，比拟这几个命令的区别。NAM£tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utilitySYNOPSIStr L- A -catenate -concatenate | c -create | d 一一diff 一一cortpare | 一一delete | r 一一append | t 一一list I

34、一一cest-latel I u 一一updat迂 I x 一一extract 一一get options pattinanie *DESCRIPTIONTar stores and extract;s files from a tape or disk ar - chive*f'jnction; either the long function pLef-LxeLi wiLti s ingle-letterThe first argujient to tar should be a one of the letters Acdrtux, or one ofiidEies<A u

35、ncLiun Letter need 匚ut be' r, 占nd my be combined vi th othereftioms A long function name must be prefixed with -* Come options tke a parameter; with the single letter form these must be given as separate argunLent* With ttip Long farnr they may bp giv=n V)y apppndl ng =va 1 up to the option.jung

36、le®jianghangge-VB:tac tar2,helpNov 0, 2022匚口mpletely describ已 all features of the prograrn extracted from ttie usage text in tne source* Tt. may not West of the text in this document was autontically include anyfrom that document in this man page invariant cover texts, which inakes it impossilD

37、lw to ment describing 七彳匚 i3 Licensed under t:hE GFDL Tifith Info docuineiiLs inLead. UnfortLiridLely,r the info docu" Tha gnu Tolks inIr abhor mzn pages, and createBUGSThe tar command appeared in Version 7 HT&T UNIX HISTORYtar (b)f symlink(7), rmt(8)SEE ALSOtar -xf archive t咼工Extract all f

38、iles from archive,tar,t：ar -tvr arcliive.tarList all files in archive.tar verbosely.tar -cf archive.tar foo barCreate archive tar from files foo and bar.EXAMPLESNAMEtar The GNU version of the tar archiving utilitySYNOPSIStar - A -catenate -ccncatenate | c -create | d 一一diff -compare | 一一delctG | r 一

39、一append | t 一一list I 一一testlab巳L | u 一一update | x 一一extract 一一get options 1 pa七junglej ianghangge-VB:-/test$ tail tar2 helpThe GNU folks, in general abhor man pages, and create info docmrLAnts instead. UDfoftunatq丄y the info docu - ment describing tar is licensed under the GFDL with invariant cover

40、texts, which makes it impossible to include any text from that document in this man page Most of the text in this document was automatically extracted from the usage text in the source. It may not completely describe all featuTES of thE program.Nov 04, 2022jungle3;iarghanggeVE:七巳more tar2helpTAR(1)B

41、SD General Conunands MdnualTAR(1)NAMEtar The GNU version of th© tar archiving utilitySYNOPSIStar 一 A -catenate 一一concatenate I c -create | d-dift -compare | -delete | r -append | t -List I -test-label I u 一一updaI x -extract -qet options patlnnamp *.DESCRIPTIONTar stores and extracts files from

42、a tape cr disk archive-witherThe first argument to ta匚 should be a function;one of the Letters Acdrtux, or one of tr：e long runction naine5- A function letter need 且ot be prefixed with '"一诅y be cortbin&d with othr single-iGtGr options * A long funation name mu31 toe prefixed with 一一 sme

43、 options tal<e a parameter; witfi th旦 SLngl&-l&tt&r fthese ntius* be qiven as separat巳 白remnents With the long form, they may be given tiy appending =value to the option.TA1< NAMEtat The GNU vex3ion of the tar archiving- utilitySYNOPSIStr - A -catenate -concatenate I c -create I d

44、-cLiff * -compare | - -delete | r -append | t -list -tHstl-ldbel u -update I x -sxlracL -qet 1opt ionsJ pathnaneI FT TCNTar stores and extracts file froni a tap« or disk ar * ctiive*The first argument, to tar should be a one of th& letters Acdrtux, or one of names, A function 1电need not be-

45、1 f ancl may be cambinel with otherfunction; either the _ong function prefixed with5 tnqLe-l&t't&roptions. A Long function name must be prefixed with -. optiontaZe a prampter; with th® single-letter form thcse must be given &s separato argumcnt吕.theLll«With long form, they

46、may be givan by appending -va1ue to cpLion FUNCTICNLETTERSHa in operation mode:-A； catenate, -concatenateappend tar files to an archive运行 man gzip >> tar2，比拟 > 和 >> 的区别。1 unale j J1 andha豁g?电-VH sman 口zip »jungle#ianghangg电¥0占 Is -1 咸用査27968-xw-r-r一一 1 root root 三r-上一一 t三三 1

47、 jtmgJ电 iiingLe drwx rwxT-x 3 jungl* jungl>4096drvMrwxr-x 3 jianglm jungle4Q号百-T'M-irw t 1 jungle jung 1 e 124L29 -xw-rw-r一一 JL jungle Jungle 14 -xw-rw-r 1 jiungle jungLei17(41drwKrwxr-x 2 jurvgle 呵4096jungle Jianigha-VBiG&1F(1)L1M2222; 14confLgbakq月202022examp丄皂:?a desktopLL月Z221s22m4nl1

48、1月2221:23ntan111月222L; 1Btarl.tar »hz2丄丄月Z221:14tarl.targ昱UH251: 40tar211冃2322i22t瞬鬥t&enerail JoniniandB ManuailGSlEdJiNAMRgzi.p -unzip t scat:coaqpireps or expand,SYNOPSISgzip -iiflTilclLnl'irtWl? ) -rsimcablel -S suffix hm色)gunsip | -acfliklLnirrtw -5 auf fis name .- -fhLV | name IDE8

49、CFIPTIONSip eazh file ia refzlsc&d. by access and modi 11 Nation times«Fcdnjcc.s t?pQpif郭f 1 Xq? ajeing ILsmpQ 1 -S iv cod-in (1*371 * tfh.ancivsF pcssilDlQroriE wi.t.hi the extensio-n 亠9疋# while keeping th.t seune- 口imu匸hip modesf (Ths detault eMtenaldn is -gs £or VMSi 2 lex MSDOSf OS

50、/2 FAT, na fllA 通t色 ip#clfl*dr fir it 咅 £11« 总*方庖 1a "-"p the atftndard output Qzip uill orly atte-i&pt to eenpree# ignore /rabolla llnka.NT FAT aid Amid Ifinputto tbefiles In partioularf It will运行 cat tarl.help tar2.help > tar3.help,然后运行命令比拟 tarl.help tar2.help tar3.help

51、的大小，掌握合并多个文件的方法。heLp tar2.help > tarB.hejung 1 e jianghdngge-VB: “/七est$ Is总用量104 -rw-rw-rI -rw-rw-r1 -rw-rw-r 1 -rw-rw-r- 1Junglejungle junrjlp jungle jungle jungle ：口阿1£161263B81S1612632252月月月月22 19:48 tar1.help22 20:26 tar222 L9i49 tar2.hslp22 20:37 tar3 * hslp5、运行命令获得当前权限掩码，然后根据权限掩码算一下 多

52、少，具体权限是什么？ls-1验证一下。tarl的权限值8进制应该是juTigle(Jj i anghanggeVE;14111?k0002jungle®jianghangge-VB:-s 1 总用星27968-rw-rw-r-drwxrwxr-xrootroot1964911月2222:14junglej ungle89&04月20201junglejungle409C月2221:22j utiLej unqle409t11月2221:23junglej ungle1424162"月2221:16j unglej unle1434958811B2221;14j un

53、.g Lej ungle40:96月2322:22-rw-r-r- -rw-r-r- drwxrwxr-x d 上kjcl wxt x12133configbak examplc;i .desktop manlttm.2tar1.tar bz2tarl* tar * gt testjunqlelanghanqqe-VB:cat tarl Ip6、运行命令了解/usr/share/man/所占空间。junglej ianghangge-VB:/nsr/share/man$ du -sh26M把/usr/share/man/ 用tar打包，并且用 gzip压缩；把/usr/share/man/ 用

54、tar打包，并且用bzip2压缩。比拟两者的压缩比。把两个压缩包分别解压到当前目录下面的man1和man2下面提示，要先建目录。bzip2比gzip压缩比高。进入两个解压后的目录，了解目录结构。思考如果不把 /usr/share目录结构带进压缩包应该如何处理。此项内容可以课后完成输入命令：tar -zcvf /usr/jungle/tarl.tar.gz-C/usr/jungle/man1/usr/shareman。即可-XW-EE1TiMtroot1984911月11口nqlejungleB98Q曲月drwxrwxi-K3junglejungle4096:月drwxrwxr-x3j an 口

55、丄©junql©4096-rw-rw-r1j cmglejungle143416S4口月-zw-inf-r-1jULDgldjungle1434986JA月i7w- rw- r_1jjjngl*jungle1784111月drwxrtfxx -k2j unglejungle409CLLjungleS j ianghangge-VB;Is -1 总用H 279352316:40二卫:2222:142 3 6 4c&nfigbakexampl&3 曲 desktcpraanlman2tar2查看manl :j unglej ranghangge-VB:cd manl/U3r/share/manjungleGj ianghangge-VB;/man