雅思阅读分类词汇(1)

1、雅思阅读分类词汇状况征询题mechanism机理，机制precipitation陡落，落水conservation保护，保存environmentalist=conservationistacid酸；酸的circulation流利，循环typhoon,tornado,hurricanemeteorology气象学volcano火山alkali碱；carbon碳Cvs.charcoal炭carbondioxide,carbonmonoxidefumeexhaustfumesvs.smoke,fog,smogpetroleum石油petrol(BE)=gasoline/gas(AE)eruptio

2、n喷发volcaniceruptiongranite花岗岩imminent=impendingvs.eminentCelsius摄氏的Fahrenheit华氏的ozone臭氧(o+zone)ozonelayerooze分泌分泌物latitude纬度longitude,altitudetropical(the)tropicstropical/torridzone,radiation辐射ultraviolet(UV)radiationradioactivetemperatezone,frigidzoneglacier冰川greenhouse温室greenhouseeffect/gasessolar

3、太阳的dump倾倒，倾销contaminate弄脏recycle接收再使用phenomenon现象catastrophe=disaster,cataclysmdeterioration恶化irreversible(=irrevocable)弗成逆的reclaim开垦，变革àreclamationcontentious有争议的opt选择nextinction灭绝speciesendangeredspeciesdrought干旱prioritize优先考虑recurrent反复发生的re+(oc)cur+rentvs.concurrent生物、心理inundate淹没molecule分子

4、embankment筑堤(em+bank+ment)sediment堆积物=depositdelta三角洲thePearlRiverDeltaalluvial冲积的aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白质enzyme酶(proteinsthatareproducedbycellsandactascatalystsinspecificbiochemicalreactions)desertification沙漠化desertvs.dessertdust-storm沙尘暴catalyst催化剂barren贫瘠的，不育的，无效的attributable归因于beattributabletodef

5、orestation滥砍滥伐森林log原木，日志砍木vs.logovegetation植物，植被vs.vegetable,vegetarianchlorophyll叶绿素“chloro-:photosynthesis光协感染synthesis)photosyntheticbotany植物学botanist,botanicalflora植物群(photo+fauna植物群habitat栖息地bacteriumbacteria(pl.)细菌fungusfungi(pl.)真菌ecosystem生态系统viabilityalgaealga(pl.)herb海藻demographic人口统计的inte

6、rdependencecarnation康乃馨fade开放，褪色counterbalance使平衡，弥补organism机体，结构hormone荷尔蒙，激素arthropod节肢植物vs.anthropoidreptile爬举植物cholesterol胆固醇efficacy功效vs.efficiency,effectivenessamphibian两栖植物mammal哺乳植物心理primate灵长目植物theorem情理，定理v.s.theorymethodology方法论；physiology心理学；evolution退步anthropoid类人猿(“anthrophum:ankind)an

7、thropology,philanthropyv.s.ape,gorilla,chimpanzeepsychiatry精神病学correlation相互关系gene基因DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)genetics遗传学geneticalhelix螺旋，螺旋壮物analyzeeverysinglesensation感触，知觉；sensationalperception感知，认知intuition直觉；intuitivegenewithinthedoublehelixofhumanitysESP第六感ExtrasensoryPerceptionDNAmotivate鼓舞mot

8、ivationincentive鼓舞因素identical一致的mutation突变mutable,immutable,mutantpredator捕食者ESP第六感ExtrasensoryPerceptionmotivate鼓舞embryo胚胎incentive鼓舞因素roe鱼子caviar鱼子酱tadpole蝌蚪frog,toadcaterpillar毛毛虫(cater+pillar)grasshopper蚱蜢，蝗虫(=locust)cricket蟋蟀；板球stimulus抚慰disorder芜杂，失落调dysfunction功能障碍dissonance不调跟，不不合trauma创伤but

9、terflyvs.mothanxiety着急=anxiousnessdepression沮丧pollen花粉传粉pollinationhive蜂房insomnia失落眠larvalarvae(pl.)幼虫vs.lavapupa蛹phobia害怕(症)àsuffix:-phobiaacrophobia恐高症penguin企鹅vs.dolphin(海豚)raccoon浣熊vs.kangaroo(袋鼠)hibernate冬眠(=holeup)torpid麻木的，冬眠的vs.torpedo(鱼雷)cerebral大年夜脑的xenophobia仇外者，惧外者claustrophobia幽闭害怕

10、症allergy过敏(症)，恶感Hpensity倾向*Mostboyshaveahemisphere半球(hemi+sphere)cortex脑皮层propensityofplayingwithmachinery.=tendency,inclinationmigraine偏头疼paranoid偏执的paranoia偏执狂workaholic任务狂(alcoholic)symptom病症somatic躯体的limb四肢upper/lowerlimbanatomy解剖，分析diagnosis诊断(n.)paralyze使瘫痪(=incapac

11、itate,immobilize)artery动脉vein静脉gland腺体electroencephalogramelectrocardiogram(心电图)assertive武断的脑电图pancreas胰therapy治疗法hypnotism催眠术(hypnotize)prescribe开药方vs.subscribe,describe,antidepressant抗沉闷药misunderstandingbarrier障碍(物)=barricadediscrimination区不，奴视racial/sexualdiscriminationtranquilizer平复药side-effect(

12、+s)恶感染hierarchy等级制度heir+arch(govern)+yinsularity岛国性质immune免疫的，免除的rehabilitation规复，康复*Britishindustryhasoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularity.relapse旧病复发，故态复萌vs.elapse流逝子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！chronic慢性的microcosm小寰宇nostalgia=homesicknessadulthood成人期patriot爱国者puberty青春发动期compatriot同胞，同胞的com+patriotve

13、rnacular外地的，本国的外地话，本国话*thevernacularlanguagesofIndiaimmigration移入immigrant,immigratev.s.emigration(emigrant,emigrate)Antipodes澳大年夜利亚跟新西兰非正式用法permeate渗透，弥漫*Smokepermeatedthehouse.adolescence青春期(thetimeoflifebetweenpubertyandadulthood)emotional心境的affective情感的sane神智健全的insanesuperstition科学telepathy传心术，通

14、灵术apathy无情感，无兴趣，冷漠indifference)(=entrepreneur企业家entrepreneurshippractitioner开业者，从业者celebrity绅士luminary,VIPproxy代理人pathology病理学，病理，病变delusion迷惑，欺瞒vs.illusiondisorientation迷失落(dis+orientation)anecdote轶事disorientednotoriety恶名notoriouspervert使失落常/失常失落常/失常者counterpart对应人，对等物*WhosGeorgeBushscounterpartinC

15、hina(HuJintao)peer同等的人凝视，窥视introspection内省vs.retrospection回想，反省sublimation纯化，升华subordinate下级，下级的personality=personalcharacteristicsmultiplepersonality多重品格tactics战术，技艺vs.strategy(战略，战略)marketingstrategyv.s.sellingtacticsnuance细微差异innate天赋的in+nate(nature)=inborn,congenitalbenchmarking类比分析attribute属性pu

16、nctual准时的，守时的trait特色，品质nationaltraits公道易近性vs.traitor叛变者absenteeism旷工flextime弹性任务时辰harass骚扰harassment*MarysaidthatGaryhadsexuallyharassedher.redundancy冗余，冗员networkredundancydownsize裁员(layoff)文化homogeneous同质的heterosexualvs.homosexual,mainstream主流，主流的dialect方言(vs.accent)discrepancy差异ballot投票(=vote)impa

17、rtial不偏不倚的lobby大年夜堂(n.)游说(v.)misconception歪曲(mis+concept+ion)=shortlist(BE)供最后选择或考虑的候选人名单cafeteria自助餐厅=canteencater称心(需要)equilibrium平衡，平衡questionnaire调查表，征询卷quantitative定量的vs.qualitativecontingency偶然性，偶然状况incur招致incurdebts/hatred/dangervs.occur,concur,recuraerobics有氧健身操“aero:airbadminton羽毛球(运动)baseb

18、all棒球baseballbatsquash壁球(运动)fessionalethical伦理的，符合伦理的dubious不清楚的，可疑的*Peopleweredubiousabouttheresult.gathering聚会v.s.meeting,reunionexcursion远足=outing,expeditioncommonwealth共跟国，联邦Commonwealth英联邦manifestation表示，证明manifestsubtitle字幕，副标题subsidiary,submarine,subway(BE:underground,tube),subur

19、b(downtown,uptown,outskirts)dubbing配音录制tertiary第三的post-secondarypostgraduate,postdoctoral,post-sale,postwarilliterate文盲不识字的literacydiscipline学科，法则v.s.subjectterminology术语vogue时兴=chicbizarre独特的vs.weird(共同的)mediocre伟大的faculty大年夜学的系、科，全部老师dean(大年夜学)教务长dietitian饮食学家connoisseur行家，不雅观赏家curriculum课程extracu

20、rricular课外的syllabus课程提纲教诲calendartimetableschedule,agenda,日历，日程accommodation(膳宿)供应=roomandboardlodging寄宿(处)compulsory逼迫的，的elective选修的examinervs.examineelease出租“forleasetenant佃农，佃户,v“.sto.reletntrecruit招生，招募recruitment=enrollprestige声誉，声威prestigiousesteem尊敬n.&v.landlord房东landlady房东太太tenant租客house

21、mate，roommate,dormmate,schoolmate,classmateaptitude智力SAT:SchoolAptitudeTestmatriculation任命入学dormitory寝室dormvocation职业=calling,occupation,careerabbreviation缩略(词)abridge延伸，删节aupair为互换房间、住处、及深造某家语言的机遇而为该家做家务的年轻本国人transferable(学分等)可转换的reciprocal相互的，互惠的hostel宿舍，客栈youthhostel青年旅馆realestate房地产scholarship奖学

22、金=fellowshiptutorial指导(课)tutor=lecturer,instructorpedagogue老师，学究pedagogy教诲学，教学法vicinity=neighborhoodflat平的，瘪的flattire公寓=apartmentvs.condo,studiolexicography词典编撰assignment任务，(课外)作业dissertation论文(=thesis)bond=depositlinen亚麻的亚麻织品，床单=bedlinenutensil器皿credential证明，文凭credentialsalumni校友(男)vs.alumnaeoveres

23、timate高估vs.underestimatedecipher解码，阐明=decodestationery文具vs.stationary结实的laundry洗衣，洗衣店caliber才干Jupiter木星Mercury,Venus,Mars,Saturnexorbitant过度的，过分的，过高的科技centripetal向心(力)的centrifugalubiquitous普遍存在的=omnipresentomniscient,omnipotenthigh-rise高楼skyscrapercathedral大年夜教堂versatile(人)多才多艺的，(物)通用的alchemy炼金术dome

24、圆顶infrastructure基础装备superstructuresewage污水，下水道transmute变形，演变arduous困难的=strenuouspitfall骗局，未预见之艰辛metallurgy冶金hydraulic水力的，水压的landfill垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation通风alloy合金thermostat温控器thermos,thermometer,thermonuclearaluminum=aluminium(BE)calcium,uranium,radium,copper,brass,bronzeelectrode电极prefabricate预先制造poly

25、technic各种工艺的理工黉舍HongKongPolytechnicdistill蒸馏distilledwaterquartz石英geometric几多何(学)的geometryasymmetry过错称symmetryphosphorus磷，磷光物质inflammable易燃的concave凹的convexcombustion熄灭spontaneouscombustionceramic陶瓷的瓷器bilateral双边的，两方面的unilateralparadoxical似非“而是的paradox悖论empirical阅历的empiricallaw/formulaclockwise顺时针的an

26、ticlockwiseinsulate隔绝，绝缘insulatorvs.conductorfiber纤维(BE:fibre)fiberoptics纤维光学optics光学retina视网膜火山爆发iris虹膜abundantadj.丰富的，富余的opaque不透明的v.s.transparent,translucentmicroprocessor微处理器binary二进制的accretionn.添加accumulationn.积存，堆积物activevolcano活火山AlaskaVolcanoObservatory阿拉斯加州火山不雅观看站buffer缓冲区bufferstoragebrows

27、er阅读器hypertext超文本AleutianIslands阿留申群岛环布于阿拉envisage想象，看作斯加半岛尖端的弧形岛屿momentous(极为)要紧的v.s.momentaryreticular网状的alternatinglayersoflavaflows熔岩流的交互叠层Ethernet以太网aluminumn.化铝domain域domainnamescyberlaw搜集法律“cyber-:InternetrelatedArcheanadj.地质太古代的Archeologyn.考古学cyberlove,cybercafe,patent专利ascendingadj.上升的，向上的a

28、shparticle灰烬微粒chronological准时辰次第的robot板滞人avalanchen.&v.雪崩awesomeadj.引起敬畏的，恐惧的basalticlava玄武岩火山石basin-shapedadj.盆状的artificial自然的，做作的artificialsatellitecone圆锥体，锥形物beatout敲平devastatevt.毁坏belatedadj.误期的，迟来的blacksmithn.铁匠diametern.直径diken.堤防blanketn.毯子，掩饰dissolvedgases稀释的气体domen.圆屋顶blastn.一股气流，爆炸，袭击波

29、blobn.一滴，水滴domicalshape圆顶型blockyadj.短而结实的，斑驳的bombsn.火山口喷出的大年夜堆球状熔岩bowl-shapedcrater碗型的火山口bubblen.泡沫dormancyn.睡眠，冬眠dormantadj.睡眠形状的，运动的downslopeadj.下坡的；adv.向着坡下Earth'scrust地壳bulbousadj.球根的ejectedmaterial喷射出来的物质elongatev.拉长，使伸长embeddedadj.植入的，内含的buoyancyn.浮性，浮力calciumn.化钙元素标志cacalderan.地质喷火山口，凹陷处c

30、arbondioxide化二氧化碳carbonatedsoftdrink碳酸饮料Caribbeann.加勒比海emissionn.光、热等的散发，发射，喷射Enceladusn.土卫希神恩克拉多斯叛变众神的巨人catastrophicadj.悲凉的，灾祸的chimneyn.烟囱，灯罩eonn.永世，无数的年代erosionn.堕落，堕落formationofcone火山口的形成lavaflow熔岩流cindercone火山渣形成的圆锥体circulardepression圆形的凹陷circularadj.圆形的，循环的compositevolcano复式火山conduitn.导管，沟渠erup

31、tionn.爆发，火山灰evacuatev.撤退evolvev.使展开，使进展exhumevt.掘出，发射fannningn.摊开，展开fertileadj.胖沃的，富饶的fissuren.裂缝，裂沟flankn.正面conduitsystem沟渠系统conen.锥形物，圆锥体congealv.使冻结，使凝集conicalhill圆锥型的小山Cotopaxin.科多帕希火山在厄瓜多尔北部floodingn.浩繁，水灾couleen.深谷，地质熔岩流craggyadj.陡峭的fluidlavaflow流淌的熔岩流foldingadj.可折叠的cratern.坑forceofgravity重力，地

32、心引力forgev.铸造crumplev.弄皱，压皱crystaladj.结晶状的；n.晶体crystallineadj.水晶的crystallizationn.结晶化cubickilometer破方公里debrisn.碎片，残骸fracturen.分裂fragmentn.碎片，断片frothn.泡沫，废物Fujin.富士山在日本本州岛上的去世火山funnel-shapedcrater漏斗型的火山口gaspressure气压demolishvt.毁坏，毁坏densecloudsoflavafragments稀疏的火山ga搜寻引擎优化usadj.气体的，气态的岩碎片geologicadj.地质学的，地质学上descendon攻打的destructivepower毁坏力geologistn.地质学者geophysicistn.地球物理学者glassyadj.像玻璃的放plainn.平原，草原planetaryprobe行星探测器graniticadj.花岗石的，由花岗岩形成的hemispheren.半球planetaryscientist行星科学家Pompeiin.庞培意大年夜利古都，公元火山爆发，