初中英语常见常考易混词用法辨析

1、学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考，如有侵权，请联系网站删除初中英语常见常考易混词用法辨析七年级1 besides , except, except for,but(1) besides包括后面所提及的人或物在内，“除、之外还(又)Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.(2) except不包括后面所提及的人或物在内，“抛开、不谈”。Twenty-five students went to the cinema except him.(3) except for不包括后面所提及的人或物在内的“除了”,后面跟的词与句子的主语不属于

2、同类。Your article is very good except for some mistakes.(4) but 常与 every,any,all,none,no以及它们与 thing ,body,where构成的复合词等 连用。有的已经成为了惯用语，如：all but"几乎，除、之外全部"，anything but除、之外都”，nothing but "只不过是、”。There is nothing but a cup on the table.练习：1) All the questions are easy the last one.2) Do yo

3、u think of nothing watching football?3) His composition is good for some mistakes.4) He has many relatives his uncle living in Shanghai.5) Do you know any other language English?2 reach , arrive in/at , get to(1) reach刚点，“到达”。(2) arrive in+大地方，arrive at+小地方，“抵达、达到某地(尤指行程的终点)(3) get to+地点，“到达”。(4)当ar

4、rive in/at和get to后面跟的是地点副词 here,there,hom巡，则省略介词 in/at/to。(5)当只表明“到了”，而未表明地点时用arriveo练习：1) My sister school at 7a.m every day.2) Uncle Li New York the day before yesterday.3) You can the railway station by bus.4) My father at 8:00 this morning by airplane.5) How did you home yesterday afternoon?6) D

5、o you how to there ?7) I will tel you how to here,so d not worry.3 at the end of , in the end , by the end of(1) at the end of指某段时间的结束或某段路程的终止处，“在、结束时”，“在、尽头”。Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last term.At the end of this street you will find a bookshop.(2) in the end 相当于 at last finall

6、y, “最后，终于”。In the end they caught the thief.(3) by the end of用于过去完成时或将来时，“到、末为止” By the end of last term we have learned five English songs. This question will have been answered by the end of today. 练习：1) We will have an English exam January.2) I am sure everything will turn out satisfactory.3) the

7、 meeting,everyone stood up to give the applause.4) last month, I had planted thousands f trees.5) it , one, that(1) it代替上文所提到的那个事物，一般指物，不指人。可以代替单数可数名 词或不可数名词。复数形式是they或them。I have 50 yuan. My uncle gave it to me last week.(2) one代替上文出现过的单数名词，以免重复。泛指代人或物。所指代的人 或物属于同类事物中不同的一个，即替代的是一个带有不定冠词的可数名 词的单数形式。

8、复数形式是onesI have lost my old watch.This is a new one.(3) that代替前面同类不同一的事物。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。代替可数名词时，复数形式是those that不可以替代表示人的名词，它可 以根据语义在后面加上一些定语，多数是 of的短语；他的前面不能存在任 何定语。The water in wells is cleaner than that in the rivers.练习：1) Do you need an English-Chinese dictionary ? I have.2) The language used i

9、n advertisementsdiffers from used in ordinary readings.3) The color of the jacket is better than of mine.4) I saw only one motorcar in the shop.Would you go and buy5) Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose .5 look for, look up , find , find out(1) look for “寻找”，强调找的过程。(2

10、) Look up “查找”，强调查字典、电话号码。(3) Find ”找到，发现”，强调找的结果。(4) Find out ”查明，发现，了解”，指的是经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事 或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况。练习：1) I'm my watch,but I cadt it.2) If you do not know the words , you can them in thedictionary.3) I it difficult to learn English well.4) The teacher wanted to who had broke

11、n the door.6 as well, as well as(1) as well相当于also, too “也，又”。常放在句子末尾，无需用逗号与句子分 开。I am going to London and my sister is going as well.(2) as well as “也，还”。常用来连接两个并列的成分。连接连个并列的主语 时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致；翻译时先翻译后面，在翻译前面。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.练习：1) The teachers the students are working ove

12、rtime.2) They played all kinds of instruments and sang.7 rather than , instead of , in place of(1) rather than和 would 连用时构成 would ratherthan“宁愿、而不愿、 的句式，表示主观愿望，在两者中择一。She would rather die than lose her children.rather than不和would连用时，表示客观事实，“是、而不是、；与其、 不如、”。它的并列成分可以是名词，代词，形容词，介词(短语)，动名 词，分句，不定式，动词等等。

13、Rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词应 该和前面的主语保持一致。Rather than连接两个不定式时，不定式可以带 to,也可以不带to。He is an explorer rather than a sailor.You rather than I are going to go camping.I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.(2) instead of “代替”，“做、而不做、”。My parents just called me.I'm afraid I have to have dinner with t

14、hem instead of shopping with you tonight.(3) in place of “代替”。着重强调一种物质替换另一种物质。Plastics are now often used in place of wood or metal.练习：1) He ran walked.2) making progress,my work actually seems to be going backwards.3) William talked at the meeting the manager who was sick.8 alive, living(1) alive ”

15、活着的，有生命的”，和系动词be连用，着重表示一种状态，作表 语。He was still alive after the car accident.(2) Living “有生命的，生活的”，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词的前面 或代词的后面。There are no living things on the moon.练习：1) The General was caught by the energy.2) You can ask him about it.He is a dictionary.9 sound , voice, noise(1) sound指的是自然界的一切声音，是声音的

16、总称；(2) Voice指的是说话人的声音；(3) Noise指的是噪音。There was a strange sound outside.She has a beautiful voice.Don't make so much noise.练习：1) At midnight he heard a strange from the next room.2) Don't make any in class.3) When the teacher came into the classroom ,our monitor spoke in a loud “stand up'

17、.10 say , speak, talk , tell(1) say+内容(+ 语言),“说"。Say goodbye / a word.Say it in English,please.Can you understand what she said.(2) speak皓言，“讲话”。Would you please speak Chinese,please? I c anunderstand you.(3) talk "讲话，谈论，谈话" 。talk to / with /aboutThey were talking about a film when th

18、e teacher came in.(4) tell ”告诉，讲述”。tell+抽象的整体tell a storytell sth to sb , tell sb (about) sth , tell sb (not) to do sthI 'll tell her the news as soon as I see her.练习：1 Jack: I'm going to a story to my students this afternoon.JessicaA re you going it in Chinese or in English?A tell , say B s

19、ay, tell C tell, speak D tell, tell 2 His parents are Chinese,but he can ' thinese. CA tellB sayC talkD speak3 Miss White often us “ Never give up! ”A tellsB speaksC saysD talks4 My mother me to buy some apples on my way home today.A spokeB talkedC toldD said5 Mary a story in English in class ye

20、sterday morning.A saidB spokeC talked D told6 Please goodbye to the teacher.A tellB sayC talkD speak7 Tom iswith Miss Li in the classroom.D tellingA speaking B saying C talking8 We often about movie stars after class.A sayingB tellingC speakingD talking9 He was vey angry and he didn ' t a word.A

21、 sayB talkC speakD tell10 Janet is from Australia.She can tell a story English and Chinese.A speakB sayC talkD in11 be used to do sth , be used to doing sth , used to do sth(1) be used to do sth 是 use sth to do sth 的被动语态，“被用来做、” Nowadays,robots are used to do some dangerous things instead of human.(

22、2) be/get used to doing sth "习惯于做、"，be/get 是系动词，used 是形容词, to是介词。The man was used to living in the countryside.(3) used to do sth “过去常常做、”。When he was a young boy,he used to ask lots of questions,for examplelow does darkness happen?练习：1) I live in London,but now I am living in Paris.2) The

23、 knife cut things.3) He living alone several months later.12 be famous for, be famous as(1) be famous for相当于 be known for "以、而闻名”。 The town is famous for its beautiful scenery.(2) be famous as "作为、出名；以、身份而闻名”。Zhou Jielun is famous as a singer.练习：France his fine food and wine,Thomas Edison

24、a greater inventor.13 watching sb do sth , watch sb doing sth(1) watch sb do sth “看见某人做过、”，强调动作的全过程。I watch the thief steal the book from the desk.Did she watch the children cross the road?(2) watch sb doing sth “看见某人正在做、”。强调动作正在进行。I watch the thief stealing the book from the desk.She watched the ch

25、ildren crossing the road.(3)类似用法的词有see , hear等。练习：1我看见小明正在教室写作业。2老师看着孩子们过马路了吗?14 cross , across, through(1) cross 是动词，across和 through 是介词。They crossed the river by the boat.(2) across ”横穿，横过”，指的是从物体的表面上穿过。I swam across the river 20 years ago.(3) through “贯通，直穿，透过”，指的是立体空间中的穿过。They walked slowly thro

26、ugh the woods.The sunshine shone in the bedroom through the window.练习：1) Go the road, and you will see the post office on your left.2) The sunlight comes the glass.3) Be careful when you the street.15 in a way, in this way, by the way , on the way(1) in a way ”在某种程度上；在某种意义上”。In a way, it is a good b

27、ook.(2) In this way用这种办法In this way, you can speak English well.(3) On the way "在路上，在途中”。On the way home my father told me a story.(4) By the way “顺便说”。By the way, have you seen the film before?练习：1) ,do you have any idea where the post office is?2) She is to the park.3) The work should be done

28、.4) ,he was right.16. Stop to do sth , stop doing sth(1) stop to do sth停下来去做某事。As soon as the teacher left, students stopped to talk.(2) stop doing sth 停止做某事。The students stopped talking as soon as they saw the teacher.(3) stop .from doing sth 阻止、做、Please stop them from playing fire.练习：1) we should(

29、cut) down trees.2) He watched TV for half an hour.At 8:00 he(do)his homework.3) He(watch) TV and began to read English.17 take part in , join in , join(1) take part in参加”，指的是参加群众性活动或会议，并在其中起一定的作 用。These days, students take part in many activities.(2) join ”参加，加入”，指的是加入组织、团体、党派等，成为其中的一员.He joined the

30、 army in 1998 and joined the Party the next year.(3) join in ”参加某活动”，后面跟的宾语一般是表示竞赛，游戏，娱乐等活动 的名词，常用语join sb in (doing ) sth的短语中。Everyone should join in the game.Let s join them in the game.我们和他们一起玩游戏吧。练习：1)2)3)4)I will never forget the day when I All the students are happy to Will you usI hope you wi

31、ll allthe Party.the interesting school activities. a game of cards?the discussion.学习资料18 be familiar to , be familiar with(1)be familiar to “某事对某人是熟悉的"，主语一定是sth。Your name is very familiar to me.(2)be familiar with “某人对某事是精通的、熟悉的"，主语一定是sb。He has become familiar with the city.练习:1) I_verythe

32、 song because I have listened tome.for many times.2) The photo19 few , little, a few, a little否定“几乎不”肯定“一些”修饰可数名词fewa few修饰/、口数名词littlea littleThere is little bread in the fridge.I will go and buy some .There are a few books on the desk.There are few books on the desk.练习：1)这些书没几本容易倒我能够读懂。Very of boo

33、ks care easy enough for me .2)我们没有从他们那里得到什么帮助。We got help from them.3)进来喝点威士忌。Come in and drinkwhisky.4)我的时间很宝贵，我只能够给你几分钟。My time is precious. I can only give you minutes.20 have gone to , have been to , have been in(1) have gone to “去了”，可能在途中或在目的地，人还没回来。My father has gone to Shanghai and will be ba

34、ck in a week.(2) Have been to “到过”，曾经去过某地，现在人已经回来了。He has been to Shanghai three times.(3) Have been in+ft点+一段时间“在某地停留了一段时间”。He has been in Hangzhou for three years.练习：1. Mike and his parents the north for half a year.2. Mum is not at home now. she the shop.3. you ever kunming ? Never.4. Where you t

35、hese days?5. Has Jim arrived yet?Yes, he here for several days.6. Where is Peter? I don ' t know where he7. Hi Jim! Where you? Li Lei is looking for you.八年级1 see , look, watch,read, notice100k指的是有意识的观看，强调看的动作，其后接宾语时，一定要加介词at。 Look! What are they doing?see指的是视觉器官有意识或无意识的看到的物体，强调看的结果，意为 看 见，看到&quo

36、t;。如看医生see the doctor看电影see a film。I looked but saw nothing.watch观看、注视”，指的是以较大的注意力观看。常用于看比赛watch amatch,看电视 watch TV。His father often watches TV in the evening.read本为馍”，看书、看信、看报纸等常用readDon' t read in the bed.5 notice “注意到，看到”，指的是有意识的注意，含有从不注意到注意的变化。 He noticed a purse lying on the ground.练习：1 .T

37、hey are going to a football match this afternoon.2 .Li Lei is a letter from his parents.3 .The teacher asked us to the blackboard.4 .What can you in the picture?5 .Don't out of the window as you are having an important lesson.6 She that there was a little man under the tree.2 be made of, be made

38、 from, be made into(1)be made of由、制成”，指在成品中可以看出原材料，如木制的桌椅、家 具等，具制作过程只发生了物理变化。The chair is made of wood.be made from某物的、制成”指制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特 征，或原材料在制作过程中发生了化学变化，在成品中已经无法辨认。Wine is made from grapes.(3) be made into某种原料、可以制成某种成品”指某种原料被制成某种产品，与be made of/ from正好相反。be made into的主语是原料，其后跟产品。Grapes can b

39、e made into wine.练习：(1) The vase wood,it is very light to carry.(2) The oil the seed.How wonderful!(3) Can such kind of leather shoes?3 as well as , not onlybut also.不仅、而且、； 既、又、(1) as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词和as well as前面的主语保持一致。The students as well as the English teacher are going to take part in th

40、e meeting.(2) Not onlybut also连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词和but also后面的主语保持一致。Not only the students but also the English teacher is going to take part in the meeting.练习：1) The children their parents are having a meeting at the schoolplayground now.2) the students their parents are having a meeting at theschool pl

41、ayground.4 in front of, in the front of(1) in front of "在、的前面”，两者不在同一整体即范围外。 There is a big tree in front of my house.(2) In the front of "在、的前面”，两者在同一整体即范围内。 There is a big desk in the front of the classroom.练习：1) The driver is the bus.He is driving the bus now.2) the house,there are some

42、 apple trees.5 spend , pay , take, cost spent钱 + on sthSb队)+ spend 时间+ with sb (花时间与某人一起度过)时间 + (in) doing sth1) I often spend the holiday with my parents.2) I often spend two hours doing my homework every night.(介词 in 可以省略)3) I often spend two hours on my homework every night. paidpay 僦 +for sth (人

43、+buy sth for sb)sb(A) pay for sth(人+buy sth for+钱)I paid five yuan for the book. =I bought the book for five yuan.I paid forthe book.( tookIt+takes / took +sb+寸问+to do sth (it是形式主语，to do sth是真正的主语) It took me two hours to read this book.It takes her half an hour to go to school on foot every day.( c

44、ostSth(物)+ cost + sb 钱 / too much练习一：选择正确的答案。( )1.I want to spend my birthday my best friends.A.onB.inC.withD.at( )2.My mother often spends about one hour meals.A.cookB.cooking C.to cookD.to cooking( )3.We spent two hours the meeting.A.onB.inC.withD.at( )4. How long do you usually spend your homewor

45、k every day?A. do B. doing C. to do D. to doing()5.He two hundred yuan for this book.A spent B paid C took D cost练习二：.他花一年的时间写完这本小说。He one year writing this novel.练习三：1) .You shouldn ' t too much for clothes.2) .Don ' t too much time playing computer games.3) .The magazine 20 dollars. It 

46、9; s not very cheap.4) .It me twenty minutes to walk to school each day.6 lay, lie动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词Lay卜蛋；产卵；放置LaidlaidLayingLie位于；躺LayLainLyingLie撒谎liedLiedlying_练习：1) The hen an egg yesterday.2) I it on the table.3) The supermarket in the center of the city.4) He is now.5) The child to the teacher ab

47、out his reason for being late.6) The hens began eggs in October.泛 指特指充当名词单数充当名词复数充当形容 词otherVVthe otherVV （表示两者当中的另外一个）VothersVVthe othersVVanother rV，（二者或二者以上中的另一 个）V7other, the other, others, the othersOther +名词复数 =othersThe other 钻词复数 =the othersanother加数名词One the other。.一个、另一个、Someothers 有些、有些、有

48、些、We should think of other people as well as ourselves.Where are the other students in your class?We should take care of others?One of the teachers is in the office,the others are having a meeting.This dress is too long,please give me another.The cake is delicious.Can I have another piece?练习:1 .Do y

49、ou have any question(s)?2 .He has two daughters. One is a nurse,is a worker.3 .Some of us like singing and dancing,go in for sports.4 .Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home.5 .He is very clever. He may be Edison.6 .A few students are playing soccer while are watching them.7 .Two of the

50、ten boys are standing and are sitting round them1.1 ' ve bought two pens. One from Beijing,from Tianjin.1.5 he has more concern for than for herself.10 .Four of them are in the classroom. What about?11 .Please give me chance.8 when , while, as（1） when ”在、的时候”，可以指“时间点”或“时间段”，从句的谓语动 词可以是短暂性动词也可以是持

51、续性动词。When I got home ,he was having dinner.When I was young , I liked dancing.(3) while只可以指“时间段”从何的谓语动词只能够用持续性动词，经常用 于进行时。While I was sleeping, a thief in.The phone rang while he was doing homework.(4)当从何的动作先于主句的动作发生时，只能够用when引导从句，不能够用 while oWhen you have finished your homework, you may have a rest

52、.(5) as"一边一边” “随着、”，着重强调连两个动作同时发生或伴随而行。They talked as they walked.As time goes by, the trees all got old.练习：1) we were swimming sunddenly a storm started.2) I was passing bythe accident happened.3) I used to do some reading I was waiting for the bus in the pass.4) She likes listening to music s

53、he does homework.5) The bell rang I was doing housework.9 in the east of , to the east of , on the east of(1) in the east of "在、的东部”，of的宾语所指的范围之内的东西。Shanghai is in the east of China.(2) to the east of "在、以东”，即位于of的宾语所指的范围以外的东方。Japan is to the east of China.(3) on the east of "在东面与、毗邻”

54、，强调相接壤。Chaoxian is on the east of China.练习：1) Taiwan lies of Fujian.2) Zhejiang is of China.3) Guangdong is Yuannan.4) Guangdong is Guangxi.10 if , whether引导宾语从何时whether和if 一般情况下可以通用，但在if表示“如果”的意思时引导的是条件状语从句，不能和 whether互换。I don't know if / whether he is right.If it doesn ' t rain tomorrow, w

55、e will have a picnic.在以下情况，只能够用whether： 在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，用whether。 如：Let me know whether or not he will come.I wonder whether we stay or whether we go在介词之后用whether。如：I'm interested in whether he likes EnglishWe're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.在不定式

56、前用whether。如：He hasn't decided whether to visit the old manHe hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by trai nwhether置于复合旬的旬首 时，不能换用if。如：Whether this is true or not, I can't say.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从何 时用whether如:Whether she will come is still a question.若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether如:a. Please let me know if you like the book 可理解为：b.If you like the book, please let me know 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我练习：1) He asked me to start early.2) I don't know they will come or not.3) I don't know