2020届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四：议论文三种类型

1、2020届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四：议论文三种类型正反观点型一、文章结构1 .开头：提出问题；2 .主体：陈述不同的观点及其理由；3 .结尾：说明自己的观点。二、段落框架1 .第一段开门见山，提出主题(12句)(1)Wehadaheateddiscussionabout/on.(2)Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.(3)Opinionsaredivided.(4)Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowards.(5)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.(

2、6)Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.2 .第二段表达不同观点(1) .ofthemholdtheopinionthat.(2) .ofthemareinfavoroftheideathat.(3)Peoplewhoarefor/againsttheideathinkthat.(4)Somepeoplebelievethat.Othersarguethat.themhold(5)However,.ofthemholdadifferentview./.oftheoppositeopinion.(6)However,eachcoinhastwosides

3、.(7)Differentfromthose.,peoplethink.(8)Ontheotherhand,peopleobjectthat.3.第三段说明自己的观点(1)AsfarasIamconcerned.(2)Inmyopinion.(3)It'smyopinionthat.(4)Inaword,onlythrough.canwehaveabrightfuture.三、写作模板1.导入主题Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat(某个主题，需以句子形式呈现).Butitiswellknownthattheopinionsconcerni

4、ngthishottopicvaryfrompersontoperson.2.正方观点Amajorityofpeopleapproveoftheopinionthat(正方观点).Fromtheirpointofview,therearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitude,whichareasfollows:inthefirstplace,(原因一).Furthermore,(原因二).3 .反方观点Onthecontrary,somepeopledifferintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheviewthat(反

5、方观电).Ontheonehand,(原因一).Ontheotherhand,(原因二).4 .阐明个人看法AsfarasIamconcerned,Ithinkweshouldtakeimmediatemeasuresto（个人观点）.Firstofall,.Inaddition,.Onlyinthiswaycanwe.经典语篇假设你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。赞同的理由反对的理由你自己的观点1 .获得新知识；2 .从太空取得新资源；3 .扩大人类未来的生存空间。1.耗资巨大；

6、4 .宇航员的安全问题。注意：1.词数100左右；5 .开头已给出，不计入总词数。OuterSpaceExplorations,YESorNO?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.佳作欣赏OuterSpaceExplorations,YESorNO?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherd

7、ay.Differentstudentshavedifferentattitudestowardsit.Someofusthinkitimportanttoresearchtheouterspacebecause,firstofall,peoplecangetabetterunderstandingoftheouterspacethroughtheirexploration.Second,newresourcescanbefoundthereforhumanbeing.Third,thisexplorationcanpossiblybringaboutnewlivingspaceforhuma

8、nlifeinthenearfuture.However,othersarestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatittakessomuchmoneytodothiskindofexploration,whichisnotworththevalue.Besides,itisverydangerousforastronautstodosuchworkintheouterspace.Inmyopinion,peopleshouldbepioneering,andthereforesuchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthtryin

9、gout.即时训练（2016?陕西兴平西郊高中一模）假设你是主持人，请你根据以下表格的信息，为以“Shouldwegivemoneytobeggars?”为题的班会写一个总结。一些人另一些人孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞讨；有些学生因家境贫苦而辍学去乞讨；有些残疾人只能以乞讨为生。这么做会助长懒惰。大部分都是假装的，乞讨只是他们赚钱的一条捷径；结论：应该尽力帮助弱势群体，但给钱时一定要慎重。注意：1.词数100左右；2.文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：弱势群体inferiorgroupWehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoney

10、tobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.参考氾文Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.Somebelievethatweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsbecausesomeofthemareoldpeople,whocan'tliveontheirown.Amongthemarealsosomestudentswhohavedroppedoutofschoolbecausetheirfamilies

11、aresopoor.Andwecanalsoseesomedisabledpeople,whocanhardlymakealivingduetophysicalormentalinability.Ontheotherhand,manymorestudentsthinkweshouldn'tgivethemmoneybecausemostofthebeggarsbegnotbecausetheyarepoorbutbecausetheywanttomakemoneymoreeasily.Theyarenotrealbeggars.Besides,togivemoneywouldencou

12、ragethemtobelazyeveniftheyhavetheabilitytowork.Ingeneral,weshouldhelppeopleoftheinferiorgroup.Butweshouldremainsensiblewhengivingmoney.第13讲议论文（2）利弊对比型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）。一、文章结构1 .说明事物现状；2 .事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）；3 .你对现状（或前景）的看法。二、写作模板Nowadaysthereisawides

13、preadconcernover（theissuethat）（讨论议题）.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin（讨论议题）.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthatthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,（优点一）.Andsecondly,（优点二）.Justasapopularsayinggoes,“Everycoinhastwosides”，（讨论议题）isnoexception,andinotherwords,itstillhasneg

14、ativeaspects.Tobeginwith,（缺/电一）.Inaddition,（缺点二）.Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof（讨论议题）intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakebetteruseofthe（讨论议题）.经典语篇面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以“StudyingAbroad”为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。AdvantagesDisadvantag

15、es1 .传播各民族间的不同文化；2 .拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术；3 .良好的语言环境，更利于语言的学习。1.年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差；2 .情感孤独，思乡；3 .学习生活费用高。注意：1.词数100左右；4 .开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediatorStudyingAbroadInrecentyears,studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.佳作欣赏StudyingAbroadInrecentyears,studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.TensofthousandsofChinesestudentshave

16、gonetoforeigncountriestostudy.Manypeoplearetryingtheirbesttoapplytogoabroad.Therearemanyadvantagesinattendingschoolsabroad.First,studentswhohavestudiedabroadcanactasmediatorsbetweenpeopleofdifferentcultures.Second,wecanlearnmanymoreadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyfromforeigncountries.Third,we

17、canlearnmanyforeignlanguagesmorequickly.However,therearesomedisadvantages.Mostofthestudentsaretooyoungtolivealonewithoutanylivingexperience.Besides,beingfarawayfromtheirhomecountrytheymayfeellonelyandhomesick.Alsoofcoursethecostsaremuchhighertherethanthatathome.Inspiteofthisadvantagesaremorethandisa

18、dvantages.Inmyopinionitisadvisabletoattendschoolsabroad.即时训练随着互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了，甚至已经成了我们日常生活中的一部分；相信你们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了，比如淘宝网，京东商城等。但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢？请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处注意：词数100左右。参考范文WetalkedabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofInternetshoppingthesedays.Somestudentsthinkit'sveryconvenien

19、tforustogoshoppingontheInternet.TheshopsontheI,areopenforalmost24hoursadaysowecanbuysomethingwewantatanytimeifwelike.What'smore,weneedn'twaitinaqueue.However,somestudentsdisagreedwiththem.Wecan'tseethethingswhileweareshopping,sowearenotsurewhethertheyaregoodornot.Besides,wecan'tenjoy

20、thehappinessofshoppingwithourfriends.第14讲议论文一一解决问题型一、段落框架第一段：引出现象，并指出这种现象的后果常用句型：(1) Recentlytheriseinproblemof/phenomenonof.hascaused/aroused/capturedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.(2) Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonofhasbeenbroughtintofocus/hasbeenbroughtintopublicattention.(3)N

21、owadays,thereisagrowingconcernabouttheproblem/phenomenonthat.(4)Nowadays,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealize/beawareoftheimportanceof.(5)Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheproblemof.第二段：提出解决的办法常用句型：(1)Weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,(解决方法).Fora

22、nother,(解决方法二).Finally,(解决方法三).(2)Itisessentialthatproperaction/effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoreversethissituation/stopthetrend.(3)Itishoped/suggestedthatconsiderable/greateffortsshouldbemadeto.(4)Thereisnoeasy/immediatesolution/approachtotheissueof.but.mightbebeneficial/helpful.第三段：总结这样做的好处常用句型：O

23、nlyinthiswaycanwe.二、高考语段(1)Suchasituationisofgreatconcern.Inmyopinion,overprotectionandtoomuchcareareextremelybadforchildrensdevelopment.Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowuptobeindepend

24、entandbecometrulysuccessful.这样的情况很值得关注。在我看来，过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。父母不应该为他们做一切事情，而是应该鼓励孩子们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。只有这样他们才能独立成长，真正成功。(2013?福建)(2)Butinfact,Ioftendon'tquitefollowmytimetablebecauseofsomereasons.Forexample，playingfootballandwatchingTVtakeupmuchofmysparetime.SoIthinkweshouldhaveourparentsorsom

25、eoneelsesuperviseuseveryday.但是事实上，出于一些原因我经常不遵照时间表。例如踢足球和看电视占据了我很多业余时间。因此我想我们应该让我们的父母或其他人每天监督我们。(2013?四川)三、写作模板Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)(讨论议题).Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoefforttotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknow,therearemany

26、stepswhichcanbetakentosolvethisproblem.Firstofall,（途径一）.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofsolvingtheproblemis（途径二）.Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof（讨论议题），weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthiswaythatistosay，（自己的方法）.经典语篇请就学生目前过重的课业负担写一篇100词左右

27、的文章。文章必须包含以下内容：1,简述学生课业负担过重；2 .造成课业负担过重的原因（至少两个）；3 .提出解决办法（至少两个）。佳作欣赏Nowadaysstudentsareburdenedwithheavyworkloads.Theynotonlyhavetostudyveryhardinthedaytimebutalsostayuplatetofinishtheirhomework.Therearemanyreasons.Maybethemostimportantoneisthepressuretheymayfaceinthefuture.Ontheotherhand,parentsandteachersexpecttoomuchofthem,becausetheythinknowadaysthesocialcompetitionisveryintense.stimeTheproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousanditforustodosomethingtochangethes