简单句五种基本句型

1、简单句五种基本句型简单句五种基本句型（一）主系表结构（一）主系表结构结构结构 主语主语 + 系动词系动词(l-v) + 表语表语说明说明 系动词种类有系动词种类有1.be动词动词 2.感官类动词感官类动词feel, look, sound, seem, taste, smell等等3.转变类动词转变类动词 become, go, turn, get, grow, fall等等4.状态类动词状态类动词 keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等等5.结果类动词结果类动词 prove, turn out等等用作表语的有：名词、名词性物主代词、不定代词、人称用作表语的有：名词、名

2、词性物主代词、不定代词、人称代词、形容词、副词、数词、不定式、代词、形容词、副词、数词、不定式、v-ing形式形式/短语、短语、v-ed形形式式/短语、介词短语、从句等短语、介词短语、从句等1. Im easy-going and independent. 2. His dream of going to college came true. 3. Being polite is the first and most important step to get along well with others. 4. Self-confidence is the first secret of s

3、uccess. （二）主谓结构（二）主谓结构结构结构 主语主语 + 谓语谓语vi.（+ 状语）状语）说明说明 这类句型中，谓语动词后可以不跟任何成分，但在多数情这类句型中，谓语动词后可以不跟任何成分，但在多数情 况下跟有状语性质的修饰语。况下跟有状语性质的修饰语。 1. Time flies.2. We will meet at the school gate at 7 oclock.3. Friendship cannot stand always on one side.4. He got up early so as to catch the first bus. 5. The 2014

4、 FIFA World Cup took place in Brazil.6. The global financial crisis(金融危机金融危机) broke out in 2008. 7. There have been more and more road accidents in China in recent years. （三）主谓宾结构（三）主谓宾结构结构结构 主语主语+谓语谓语vt. +宾语（宾语（+状语）状语）说明说明 1.一些不及物动词加介词构成的短语相当于及物动词。一些不及物动词加介词构成的短语相当于及物动词。 2.可以用作宾语有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、可以用作

5、宾语有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、v-ing 形式形式/短语和从句等短语和从句等1. Watching English movies regularly can attract more students. 2. We must stop water pollution by law. 3. I wonder if you can tell me how to send an E-mail. 4. I want to travel around the world. 5. I looked after the dog when my parents were away. 6. Every ma

6、n has his faults. 7. No man can do two things at once. （四）双宾语结构（四）双宾语结构结构结构 主语主语 + 谓语谓语vt. + 间接宾语间接宾语 + 直接宾语直接宾语说明说明 双宾语结构只能跟在下面三类及物动词后：双宾语结构只能跟在下面三类及物动词后：1. give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send, pay, pass, allow等等 V sth to sb 2. buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, choos

7、e等等 V sth for sth / sb 3. ask, answer, take, cost等等 仅仅V sb sth1. Can you spare me a few minutes?2. Mother bought me a nice present.3. This new method saved us much time. 4. The 16th Asian Games brought Guangzhou a good chance to develop itself. 5. It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car. 6. A

8、 fool may give a wise man counsel(建议劝告建议劝告)（五）复合宾语结构（五）复合宾语结构结构结构 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 vt. + 复合宾语（宾语复合宾语（宾语 + 宾语补足语）宾语补足语）说明说明 1.此句型中的复合宾语是由宾语此句型中的复合宾语是由宾语+宾补构成，宾语和宾补宾补构成，宾语和宾补 之间存在着逻辑上的主谓之间存在着逻辑上的主谓(主动主动)或动宾关系或动宾关系(被动被动)。 2.可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词、形容词、副词、可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、不定式、介词短语、不定式、v-ing形式和形式和v-ed形式。形式。1. I find studying English challenging but interesting. 2. Bans禁令禁令 in public places would urge smokers to smoke less or give it up. 3. I caught a little gi